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Biomedical subjects

F Papillon

Publications and source records attributed to F Papillon.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

A retrospective comparison of frontal facial dimensions in alveolar-bone-grafted and nongrafted unilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

This retrospective study was undertaken to describe and compare frontal craniofacial dimensions in alveolar-bone-grafted and nongrafted complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP) patients and in noncleft subjects with normal occlusions and good facial balance. Clinical data were obtained from the files of the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had posteroanterior cephalograms (PA) taken at adulthood and no congenital anomalies other than CUCLP. A total of 86 adult Caucasian CULCP patients were studied, including 58 who had not received grafts, 28 who had received secondary alveolar bone grafts, and, for comparison, 60 noncleft Caucasian adults. The PA cephalometric radiographs were traced, digitized, and measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for among-groups differences in the means of the ratios, proportions, and angular measures. Tukey-Kramer HSD procedure was used to conduct post-hoc pairwise comparisons following significant (p < or = 0.05) F-ratios from ANOVA. Sexual dimorphism was a common finding, with males demonstrating greater facial width. Despite primary surgical repairs, the anterior nasal spine in the nongrafted CUCLP patients was deviated to the noncleft side, and the alar base was depressed on the cleft side. The maxillary incisors close to the cleft site were irregularly inclined, and this irregularity was more severe in the nongrafted CUCLP patients. The long-term effects of secondary alveolar bone grafting on transverse craniofacial growth appears to be minimal and limited to the immediate area of the cleft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Tuberculosis and mycobacterioses in the AIDS era].

The emergence of the HIV infection has been concomitant with a halt, noticed as early as 1986, in the regression of tuberculosis. The resurgence of tuberculosis, and indeed of all mycobacterioses, is determined by the HIV-induced alteration of cell-mediated immunity, which encourages the development of tuberculous and non-tuberculous bacteria. These bacteria themselves have an immunosuppressant effect on CD4 lymphocytes and macrophages, thus contributing to the progress of the HIV infection. The HIV and tuberculous infections therefore constitute a kind of "diabolical duo", the degree of endemia of one of these two diseases being influenced by the other and reciprocally. The final result is a menace to all countries where tuberculosis is strongly endemic and where the HIV infection is spreading. Only one of these infections, tuberculosis, is within the reach of our therapeutic armentarium. Patients must be investigated for tuberculosis systematically and actively--even though this disease may be hidden by misleading clinical signs and symptoms of AIDS--in order to treat it and separate, at least partially, the diabolical duettists.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Features in hospitalized patients with symptom-detected or radiologically-detected pulmonary tuberculosis.

To compare features of tuberculosis detected either clinically or radiologically, we studied 498 patients hospitalized for tuberculosis. Tuberculosis was less frequently radiologically-detected in patients over 65 yrs old (p less than 0.01) and in directorial staff and inactive subjects (p less than 0.0001). Pleural effusion and radiological cavities were more frequent in the symptom-detected group, but half of the radiologically-detected patients had clinical symptoms which could have led to the diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially in alcoholics and office workers. Finally, 26% of the radiologically-detected patients had positive direct tuberculosis smears and should be considered contagious.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Patients hospitalized with pulmonary tuberculosis presenting Koch's bacillus in direct sputum examination. Clinical, radiologic and bacteriologic characteristics].

To determine the influence of socio-economic, clinical and radiological factors on the detection of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis-positive direct sputum smear, we studied 531 patients hospitalized for pleuropulmonary tuberculosis over a 5 year period. M. tuberculosis positivity of the expectorate smear was found more frequently in clinically detected (43%) than in radiologically detected (26%) tuberculosis (P less than 0.001). On admission, a M. tuberculosis-positive sputum smear was more common in patients under 40 years old (P less than 0.02), blacks (P less than 0.05) and alcoholics (P = 0.001). M. tuberculosis positivity on direct sputum smears was more often associated with general (asthenia, sweating, fever greater than 38 degrees C) and functional respiratory symptoms (cough and sputum production) (P less than 0.003), bilateral diffusion of lung lesions and/or excavation on chest roentgenography (P less than 0.0001). Nevertheless, 21% of the asymptomatic radiologically detected tuberculosis patients had positive direct expectorate smears and should be considered contagious.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Etiological factors of asthma and their relation with bronchial hyperreactivity].

As asthma is nearly always associated with non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity, this factor has been considered to be an essential requirement for the development of symptomatic asthma. Some factors appear to be inducers of bronchial hyperreactivity and others promotors of asthmatic symptoms. In clinical practice, it is very difficult to classify aetiological factors as inducers or promotors: there is evidence to support the fact that the same factors may cause both bronchial hyperreactivity and asthmatic symptoms; conversely, the evidence for hereditary non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity is hardly convincing. These observations suggest that non- specific bronchial hyperreactivity is more a marker of bronchial asthma than a true aetiological factor.

Asthma↗