PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Pontonnier

Publications and source records attributed to F Pontonnier.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Clinical and biological characteristics of infertile men with a history of cryptorchidism.

Out of 85 fertile and 1014 infertile men, two (2.4%) and 95 (9.4%) respectively had a history of cryptorchidism. Thus cryptorchidism appears to be a risk factor for fertility since this difference was significant. Further comparisons showed that the volume of a former cryptorchid testis was smaller than the contralateral normally descended one and that sperm output/concentration was more impaired in bilateral than in unilateral cryptorchidism. A retractile testis, defined as a testis reported by the patient to be spontaneously and regularly, i.e. at least once a week, ascending up into a supra-scrotal position, was more frequent in infertile men with a history of cryptorchidism than in fertile men. Retractility was more frequent on the cryptorchid side, and was found more frequently after hormonal than after surgical treatment. Independently of all epidemiological and clinical parameters studied, retractility was associated with a lower sperm output. Among the infertile men with a history of cryptorchidism, 45% had an abnormally high scrotal temperature. This abnormal temperature represented a pejorative risk factor for fertility in this group, since it was associated with a more severely impaired spermatogenesis and a higher incidence of primary infertility than in infertile men with a history of cryptorchidism but normal scrotal temperatures.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Ureteral involvement in an inflammatory aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. (Apropos of a case. Review of the literature)].

Diagnosis and treatment of ureteral obstruction secondary to perianeurysmal retroperitoneal fibrosis are controversial. Diagnosis includes the use of computed tomography and abdominal ultrasound, surgical treatment combines prosthetic graft with preoperative ureteral stenting. Ureterolysis is not always necessary, because aneurysm repair promotes resolution of the inflammatory process and relieves the ureteric obstruction. However radiologic survey is essential as in the case report.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1992

[Role and contribution of karyotyping in male infertility].

In the context of the aetiological investigation of male infertility, the authors stress the place and the contribution of blood karyotype testing in the light of their personal experience based on 1,612 subjects. This examination has an important place, as about 15% of azoospermic subjects and 6 to 7% of subjects with oligospermia less than 10 million spermatozoa per ml, either alone or in combination with other abnormalities of the semen examination, present a congenital chromosomal abnormality. A remarkable constancy of the results was observed according to identical recruitment criteria. The contribution of this examination is also important: the medical and psychological value of detecting the cause of azoospermia, genetic counselling and antenatal chromosomal diagnosis for non-azoospermic subjects with an equilibrated structural abnormality, in whom treatment allows a chance of procreation, genetic counselling for the family of these subjects in order to prevent the appearance of a chromosomally abnormal infant. In conclusion, the authors argue in favour of the routine use of this test in all infertile subjects with at least isolated oligospermia less than 10 million spermatozoa per ml.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1992

[Evolution and treatment of 8 patients with Fournier's perineal-scrotal gangrene].

The authors present eight cases of Fournier's gangrene treated from 1987 to 1989 (3 years). There was no discernable cause for 5 patients (62.5%). Immediate aggressive surgical debridement of all necrotic tissue was performed. Intravenous antibiotics and resuscitation fluid and hyperbaric oxygenation were also administered to all patients. Skin grafting was performed for 4 patients (40%), 3 weeks after surgical debridement. One patient died (12.5%) and 2 subsequently developed an urethral stricture. Etiology, treatment and outcome of Fournier's gangrene are discussed and the results of the study are compared to other studies. This disease is still serious, its pathogenesis is not completely elucidated, but when immediate adequate treatment is performed, the outcome is generally favourable.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Single-dose fosfomycin trometamol (Monuril) versus multiple-dose norfloxacin: results of a multicenter study in females with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections.

The results of an open, randomized study comparing the efficacy and safety of Fosfomycin trometamol (Monuril), 3-gram single dose, and Norfloxacin (Noroxine 400), 400 mg twice daily for 5 days, are reported. Clinical and bacteriological assessments were performed before and 3-4 (short-term) and 25-30 days (long-term) after treatment. Only female patients with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection were eligible for inclusion in the study: 33 cases were given Fosfomycin trometamol and 30 cases Norfloxacin. In the overall etiology, Escherichia coli (74% of the strains found), Proteus mirabilis (6%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6%) are highly predominant. With regard to bacteriological efficacy, the percentages of eradication in the two groups were similar: after the short-term test, 93.9% (31 of 33 patients) in the Fosfomycin trometamol group and 86.6% (26 of 30) in the Norfloxacin group, and after the long-term tests, 73.3% (22 of 30) in the Fosfomycin trometamol group and 77.89% (21 of 27) in the Norfloxacin group. There are no statistically significant differences. The duration of the reported side effects was significantly lower in the Fosfomycin trometamol group. The simplified dosage regimen (single dose) and its favorable benefit/risk ratio justifies the use of Fosfomycin trometamol as a treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections in female patients.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1991

[Nosocomial infections in an urological department. Incidence and etiological factors].

The authors report a prospective study with active request of data for nosocomial infections (NI) in an urological department during six months. From 453 patients, 43 developed an NI (incidence = 9.5%): urinary tract infections (53.5%), bloodstream infections (16.3%), lower respiratory tract infections (7%), surgical wound infections (2.3%) and sepsis syndrome (20.9%). For microorganisms, most often Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.5%) and E. coli (20%) were encountered. Other microorganisms were the next-ones: Staphylococcus aureus (15%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (7.5%), Acinetobacter baumanii (7.5%), Streptococcus group D (7.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.5%), Candida albicans (2.5%) and others (10%). Urological interventions with a high risk of NI were cystectomy with intestinal urinary diversion (68.7%), pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (40%) and percutaneous nephrolitothomy (30%). Even if the last two interventions classically do not have a high risk of NI, we think that their antibioprophylaxis is recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[The effect and consequences of inflammation on urethral cytology in the 9th month of pregnancy].

Qualitative and quantitative modifications were observed in urethral smears made from week 37 to week 41 of amenorrhoea and showing leucocytes in the desquamation. The number of cell clusters decreased; the numbers of false clusters and of isolated cells with rounded borders increased. Columnar cells and degenerating isolated nuclei are often seen in these inflammatory smears. The quantitative fluctuations of epithelial clusters and of columnar cells are connected with the number of weeks of amenorrhoea on the one hand, and the quantity of leucocytes on the other. The presence of an inflammatory process can alter the diagnosis as far as the term of the pregnancy is concerned; and therefore limits the use of urethral cytology.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1991

[Functional outcome of a U-shaped ileocystoplasty (the Camey I procedure) in cancer of the bladder. Apropos of 14 cases].

The authors studied postoperatively fourteen men who underwent urinary diversion with a Camey ileal bladder for bladder cancer in association with radical cystoprostatectomy, from March 1986 to June 1988. Mean follow-up was 19.5 +/- 9 months. Three patients died (21.4%), two other patients are alive with metastases. Ureteral reflux and upper tract dilatation occurred in 14.3 and 28.6% of the renal units, respectively. Daytime continence was achieved in 92.9% of the patients (13 patients), frequently 6 months after the operation. Nocturnal incontinence was almost universal (1 patient circumvented this problem by getting up to void every three hours during the night). Thirteen patients had urodynamic testing after the operation. Mean capacity of the ileal bladder was 344 ml with mean intraluminal pressure of 24 cm water. Mean urethral closing pressure was 49 cm water. Voiding was accomplished by abdominal straining concomitant with external sphincter relaxation. Post-void residual was less than 50 ml, except in one patient. The authors discuss these results and compare them to those of other studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of the incidence of Ureaplasma urealyticum in infertile men and in donors of semen.

569 infertile patients and 75 fertile men (donors of semen) were included in our study from 1985 to 1987. We compared the frequency of Ureaplasma urealyticum in semen specimens in these two groups: 40 infertile men (7%) and 4 donors of semen (5.3%) had U. urealyticum in semen cultures. This difference was not statistically significant. We concluded that U. urealyticum was not more frequent in infertile than in fertile men. We also report the results of semen cultures for other bacteria and the parameters of routine semen analysis in these two groups. All infertile patients infected by U. urealyticum were treated with doxycycline: the infection was eradicated in 77.5% of them.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term results of the treatment of male urethral stricture].

The authors present 56 patients treated for urethral stricture between 1976 and 1983. Patients without recurrence of the stricture were followed for more than 5 years, the mean follow-up was 8 years +/- 2.1 (standard-deviation) (5 to 12 years). Thirty-eight patients (67.9%) had a recurrent stricture. Patient age ranged from 29 to 86 years (mean age 61 +/- 12.8 years). The best results were obtained with a one-stage anastomotic procedure and urethroplasty with foreskin graft. Patient age and topography of the stricture are not prognostic factors. Traumatic and infectious strictures have a better prognosis than other forms (the difference is statistically significant: chi-square = 3.9; P inferior to 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Testicular size in infertile men: relationship to semen characteristics and hormonal blood levels.

Testicular volume was assessed in 1029 infertile men and found to be normal in 704; 71 patients had unilateral and 213 had bilateral testicular hypotrophy; 4 had unilateral and 37 had bilateral atrophy. Sperm count and motility decreased in accordance with testicular volume. The lowest mean sperm counts and lowest mean motility percentages were found in patients with bilateral testicular atrophy. An increase in mean FSH and LH was also significantly linked to decreasing testicular volume; the increase in the former was not related to a drop in sperm count. A significant correlation was found between testicular volume and spermatogenesis and testicular volume is considered to be a reliable indicator of testicular function.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone↗
PubMed1989

[The course of 203 superficial urothelial malignant tumors of the bladder during conservative treatment].

The authors present a total of 203 patients with histologically proven superficial bladder transitional cell cancer. Patients without recurrence had a follow-up longer than 12 months. The mean follow-up from the time of diagnosis was 35 months +/- 27 (standard deviation). Transurethral resection was not systematically followed by intravesical therapy. The following drugs were used: thiotepa, doxorubicin, BCG and rarely mitomycin C. Although BCG was generally used after failure of thiotepa or doxorubicin, it achieved the best results. 13 patients had a total cystectomy (6.4%). Patients without complete remission had a higher percentage of high grade and stage T1 tumors than patients without recurrence (the difference was statistically significant). The same applied to mortality: it was statistically more frequent in the first group than in the second group of patients.

Adult↗