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Biomedical subjects

F Ponzio

Publications and source records attributed to F Ponzio.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Effect of steroid contraceptive drug treatment on the catecholamine metabolism in the guinea pig central nervous system.

In an attempt to establish the biochemical basis of the neurological side-effects of steroid contraceptive drugs, the effect of chronic administration of lynestrenol-mestranol, a widely employed contraceptive combination, on the catecholaminergic system of the guinea pig striatum, brainstem, and hypothalamus, was investigated. The effect of these drugs on the transformation of tyrosine into dopamine and norepinephrine was investigated after cerobroventricular injection of a tracer dose of [3,5-3H]L-tyrosine. Treatment increased the conversion of [3H]Tyrosine into [3H]norepinephrine in the lower brainstem and hypothalamus was the same in treated and control animals. These findings confirm results previously obtained in female rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Biochemical effects of treatment with oral contraceptive steroids on the dopaminergic system of the rat.

The effects of acute and chronic administration of a combination of lynestrenol-mestrenol, a widely employed contraceptive medication, on the dopaminergic system of the rat forebrain and striatum were investigated to better understand the biochemical basis of the neurological side-effects of steroid contraceptive drugs (SCDs). Both acute and chronic treatment increased the disappearance rate of striatal dopamine (DA) after synthesis blockade with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-MpT). Moreover, the conversion of 3H-tyrosine (3H-T) into 3H-DA was increased in the forebrain and striatum after chronic administration of this steroid combination. In the same animals, the utilization of tyrosine (T) is increased.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age-related changes in metabolic responses to chronic monoamine depletion in central dopaminergic and serotonergic systems of rats treated with reserpine.

Groups of 5, 15, and 27-month-old rats were treated with reserpine (5 mg/kg IP) and killed after 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. Reserpine's effects on dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5HT) metabolism were studied in the striata and limbic areas, on the basis of changes in metabolite concentrations and a calculated index [delta(C/M)] expressing changes in the molar ratio between metabolite and parent monoamine. Twenty-four hours after drug treatment, when the two monoamines reached a new steady-state, about 10% of the normal concentration, there was evident enhancement in the metabolism of striatal DA, indicated by HVA levels and delta(C/M) changes. This increase was significantly lower in the senescent rats. In contrast with HVA, the levels of DOPAC were lowered in reserpinized rats. This effect, present in all three age groups, lasted up to 21 days in young and 14 days in adult and old rats. However, for this metabolite too, the delta(C/M) indicated an increase in its formation which was lower in 27-month-old rats. Similar effects were observed in limbic areas, but here the age-related differences were less evident. Serotonin metabolism was also increased by reserpine as indicated by the delta(C/M). This parameter was lower in young than in adult and old rats, at least in limbic area. Similarly, 5HIAA increased only in the senescent rats. These age-related differences were not evident in striata. In this rat population, aging apparently modified the compensatory metabolic responses of some dopaminergic and serotonergic systems. The direction of these changes, however, depends on the system and the brain region considered.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential response to immobilization stress of striatal dopaminergic and hippocampal noradrenergic systems in aged rats.

The effect of restraint stress on synthesis of central norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) was studied in adult and old rats. The rate of in vivo synthesis of the two catecholamines was determined in hippocampus (a prevalently noradrenergic area) and in striatum (a prevalently dopaminergic area) by measuring the accumulation of DOPA for 60 min after decarboxylase inhibition. NE synthesis was stimulated by stress in the first 30 min, after which the accumulation of DOPA declined. The stimulation was much greater in old rats. In striatum, endogenous DOPA concentration was significantly lower in old rats. Stress significantly enhanced DOPA accumulation in the first 30 min in both age groups but after this interval accumulation continued linearly only in young rats. These results indicate that in aged rats the response to stress of some noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems may be altered in opposite directions.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prospects of prostanoid therapy. Preliminary results.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of treatment with prostaglandins (Iloprost and Alprostadil) in patients with peripheral arterial disease in whom a surgical act or a redo operation is not proposable and to set the role of these drugs in the therapy of arterial diseases. METHODS: We analyzed the results of 96 treatments in patients with peripheral arterial diseases of different etiology, treated in the Day Hospital in the Division of Vascular Surgery from the 1/1/1993 to the 30/6/1998. The efficacy of the treatment has been evaluated on the basis of the clinical picture (healing or reduction of ulcers, reduction of rest-pain, improvement of the ability to walk). RESULTS: We had positive results in 60% of the patients who completed the treatment, a good outcome for patients with particularly severe arterial disease. Interruptions induced by the occurrence of uncontrolled side-effects are a few (6.25%). Better results have been found in a special category of disease (arterial diseases not associated with diabetes, not very advanced clinical picture, female gender). Iloprost proved to be superior to Alprostadil. CONCLUSIONS: Prostaglandins today represent an effective therapeutic solution to be considered. Further studies need to be done to find a category of patients who can have the best benefit from this kind of drug.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Harvesting vascular segments].

The authors report the importance of the use of vascular homografts in treatment of prosthetic infections. To have good results is very important to obtain vascular segments prelevated and preserved in the best conditions. The importance of the explant is fundamental. The authors report the right sequence of organs' explant and the technique to obtain good vascular segments; for this purpose is important the coordination of the surgical equips taking part in the explant.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Atherosclerotic vascular nephropathy. Description of 2 clinical cases and review of the literature].

Atheromatous nephropathy, due to a reduction of arterial blood flow caused by stenosis or thrombosis of renal arteries, is now recognized as an important cause of chronic renal failure in the elderly. It has been shown that renal revascularization may allow a recovery of renal function up to the withdrawal of dialytic treatment. Digital arteriography is the preferred diagnostic method, but doppler scan and renal scintigraphy after administration of captopril may also prove useful, specially in the follow-up of the patients. Therapeutic means include percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and surgical revascularization; both treatments may improve or stabilize renal function. Surgery may allow better results in the long term, but is loaded by a significant morbidity. Our experience confirms the possibility to obtain a significant long term improvement of renal function after bilateral surgical revascularization.

Acute Kidney Injury↗