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Biomedical subjects

F Price

Publications and source records attributed to F Price.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Bone-related mineral content of water samples collected on the Navajo reservation.

Although dairy food intake is low among the Navajo people, hip fracture rates are lower than in Caucasians. Genetic differences in bone density have been cited as the reasons for low fracture rates among Native Americans and other segments of the population. However, more detailed examination of mineral intakes suggests that environmental factors may provide part of the explanation for the lower fracture rates. Cultural practices such as the addition of ash to traditional foods and the high mineral content of water may provide much higher intakes of bone-related minerals than food intake surveys have previously reported. As part of a larger study to assess overall intake of minerals related to bone health and other conditions, water samples were collected from the Navajo reservation. Duplicates were collected at least one week apart from 53 sites including wells, springs, taps, and storage barrels and analyzed by atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry for a number of minerals. For average intakes of 2 l/day, water could provide up to 212 mg of calcium, 150 mg of magnesium and 8 mg of zinc. The combined contribution of mineral intakes provided by the addition of juniper ash to traditional foods, not genetic differences, may partially explain the lower fracture rates of the Navajo people. Further research in this area is required to confirm this hypothesis.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2000

A phase I/II study of hypofractionated whole abdominal radiation therapy in patients with chemoresistant ovarian carcinoma: Karnofsky score determines treatment outcome.

PURPOSE: Radiation therapy can provide useful palliation in chemorefractory ovarian cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to prospectively study the palliative effect of a hypofractionated radiation treatment regimen. Change in quality-of-life scores (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy [FACT], Karnofsky scale), pain score, and tolerance to therapy were also assessed. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A single-institution Phase I/II trial was initiated in patients with chemoresistant recurrent or progressive ovarian cancer. All patients had symptomatic and measurable intra-abdominal disease. Patients were treated with a single radiation fraction (700 cGy) or two fractions (300 cGy twice a day) to the whole abdomen over 1 day. Quality-of-life scale (FACT G version 2) was assessed at baseline and 1 and 3 months following treatment. Karnofsky scale and pain score were also evaluated in the same time frame. RESULTS: Sixteen patients were prospectively entered into this protocol between February 1996 and September 1998. Twelve patients received a single 700 cGy fraction and four 300 cGy twice a day. All were heavily pretreated and 9 (56%) had a poor performance status prior to treatment. Symptoms needing palliation included pain (14), ascites (10), and bleeding (2). Symptomatic improvement occurred in all patients with pain (5 complete response [CR] and 7 partial response [PR], all patients with bleeding (CR 2), and two (20%) with ascites. Five patients (31%) had a reduction in lesion size documented radiologically in three. The mean duration of response was 22 weeks in patients with a Karnofsky score >70. Thirteen patients developed transient nausea and vomiting which resolved in 48 hours in all. All patients developed a transient lymphopenia. Thirteen patients completed a follow-up quality-of-life scale. There was an improvement in the physical and functional components of the scale in patients with Karnofsky score of 90-100. There was no improvement in quality of life in patients with Karnofsky score <90 despite symptomatic response. Median survival was 3 months from the date of treatment. CONCLUSION: Hypofractionated radiation therapy is an effective palliative treatment for end-stage ovarian cancer patients. Karnofsky score can help determine the duration of response and survival for this high-risk population.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Domains of differential cell proliferation suggest hinged folding in avian gut endoderm.

A profile of proliferative growth assessed with tritium autoradiograms from White Leghorn embryo stages Hamburger-Hamilton 6-21 labeled in ovo presents evidence of hinged folding driven by localized differential cell proliferation in endoderm. There is a significant, bilateral pattern, and differences are most pronounced in axial levels that are folding and rotating. Highest proliferation is in cells producing folds; lowest proliferation is in median cells. Localized changes in cell shape are lacking, as are TUNEL markers and cell morphology that would suggest involvement of apoptosis. Folding endoderm to form gut tube appears to be a process that is driven by domains of high cell proliferation flanking a domain of significantly lower proliferation. When considered in the context of an epithelium attached to subjacent mesoderm, these differentials could produce a forced and directed buckling of endoderm into lateral folds that join and enclose a tube. Patterns suggest that endoderm folds about a median hinge. In the light of this new information, we suggest it is more precise to refine the term, median hinge point (MHP), to neural hinge point (NHP) and gut hinge point (GHP).

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Hydrogel intracorneal lenses in aphakic eyes.

BACKGROUND: The theoretical benefits of synthetic keratophakia over conventional corneal lamellar procedures are the elimination of donor concerns and superior refractive predictability. Additionally, synthetic material can be inspected for optical quality and power, and it can be sterilized. Furthermore, visual recovery should be more rapid since epithelium is not removed from the central part of the cornea and the need for keratocyte repopulation is eliminated. OBJECTIVE: To present results on patients who received an intracorneal implant (Kerato-Gel, Allergan Medical Optics, Irvine, Calif) that was made from lidofilcon A, a glucose-permeable hydrogel with an equilibrium water content of 68%. METHODS: The intracorneal implants were implanted in 35 adult patients for correction of aphakia. Inclusion criteria excluded patients with aphakia who were candidates for intraocular lenses. RESULTS: A total of 19 patients were followed up through 2 years postoperatively. For 16 patients with 2-year postoperative refractive data, the average spherical equivalent was -0.63 +/- 2.07 diopters (D). At 2 years, 88% of patients were within +/- 3.00 D of plano and 50% were within +/- 1.00 D. the mean change in Snellen's line for corrected visual acuity was -3.25 lines at 2 years for all patients and -2.0 lines for a subgroup of five patients who were free of vision-limiting preoperative disease. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that this intracorneal implant is well tolerated by the cornea and can provide predictable refractive results in patients with high-risk aphakia. Limitations of the procedure are uneven microkeratome resections, loss of best-corrected visual acuity, and irregular astigmatism in some patients. Although these data show good evidence of biocompatibility of the implant material, technical surgical progress is needed to advance this procedure into clinical therapeutic practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A comparative study of ethamsylate and mefenamic acid in dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

The effects of ethamsylate and mefenamic acid on menstrual blood loss were compared in a double-blind trial in 34 women with menorrhagia. Both drugs produced statistically significant reductions in blood loss during the 3 months of treatment; the overall reduction was 20% in the ethamsylate group and 24% in the mefenamic acid group. Compared with pretreatment values, blood loss was significantly less in each of the 3 treatment months in the mefenamic acid group, but only in the second and third months of treatment in the ethamsylate group. However, more women had a clinically useful reduction in blood loss (greater than 40%) in the ethamsylate group. The onset of effect of mefenamic acid was rapid but ethamsylate showed a comparatively greater effect as the trial progressed. Cessation of treatment was followed by an increase in blood loss, more pronounced in mefenamic acid group who reverted to pre-treatment levels. A greater number of side-effects were reported with mefenamic acid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Localized duodenal lymphoma masquerading as a duodenal ulcer.

A 64-year-old woman presented with atypical abdominal pain, weight loss, melena and hematemesis. Reactivation of a peptic ulcer was diagnosed and she was treated with antacids and cimetidine. When her symptoms recurred 4 months later, a perforated duodenal ulcer was noted on roentgenograms. At laparotomy this proved to be a perforated, localized lymphoma of the duodenum. This case highlights an important consideration in the management of duodenal ulcers. Patients who present with a previously diagnosed peptic ulcer, who demonstrate atypical symptoms and remain refractory to treatment should undergo endoscopic examination and biopsy to rule out an occult localized duodenal lymphoma.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1979

Role of photosensitization and oxygen in chromosome stability and "spontaneous" malignant transformation in culture.

Visible light and oxygen enhanced both chromosome instability and malignant transformation of mouse cells in culture. Nine cell lines were initiated from 8 pools of 10- to 13-day C3H embryos. Each cell line was divided into sublines, which were either maintained shielded from light or were exposed for 3 or 24 hours to fluorescent light (approximately 150 foot-candles) two or three times weekly. Cultures of the sublines were also maintained with either a gaseous phase of 0-1% oxygen or atmospheric (18%) oxygen. Each line was monitored for cytologic manifestations of malignant neoplastic transformation, and 8 lines were monitored for chromosome alterations. Seven lines were assayed for tumorigenicity by intraocular implantation into syngeneic hosts. Repeated light exposure and/or high oxygen increased the frequency of minute chromosomes, which result from chromatid breaks, and also increased the rate of shift from diploid to heteroploid state. Four cell lines showed no cytologic changes indicative of neoplastic change during the test period. Two of these were assayed in vivo and failed to grow as tumors. In the remaining 6 lines, cytologically neoplastic colonies appeared earlier or more abundantly in the light-exposed cultures and/or those gassed with high oxygen. In 3 of these lines, tumors developed only from the light-exposed cultures; in the other 2, tumor latency periods were significantly shorter in the cultures exposed to light or gassed with atmospheric oxygen.

Animals↗