Rapid turnover proteins as nutritional indicators.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F R Dalal.
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The measurement of creatine kinase isoenzymes, particularly the MB fraction, is a major determinant for acute myocardial infarction. Patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate may have an elevated serum creatine kinase-BB fraction, which by some automated laboratory techniques may be read mistakenly as creatine kinase-MB. We report such a case and discuss the creatine kinase isoenzyme measurement.
A patient with massive proteinuria was discovered to have double light-chain disease. Immunological studies demonstrated monoclonal light chains of both the lambda and kappa type in urine. The light chains were separate and distinct and were not found to be a part of any of the whole molecule immunoglobulins such as IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, or IgE. Uniqueness of the proteins was confirmed by column chromatography. Clinical studies showed that the patient had multiple myeloma.
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Genetic and enzymatic analyses were made with the purH mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. These mutants are purine auxotrophs which are deficient in the conversion of phosphoribosyl-aminoimidazolecarboxamide (AIC) to inosine-5'-monophosphate (IMP). Two steps are required for this process: phosphoribosyl-AIC transformylase (EC 2.1.2.3) and IMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.10). Genetic analysis identified two complementation groups, I and II, and a third group of noncomplementing mutants (I-II). Mutations in gene I lead to complete loss of transformylase activity and no loss of cyclohydrolase activity if the mutation is of the missense type, but partial loss if it is of the chain-terminating type (nonsense or frameshift). Gene II mutants are all of the missense type and show normal transformylase activity but no cyclohydrolase activity. The noncomplementing mutants (I-II) are all of the chain-terminating type and are completely deficient in both activities. The results are explained and discussed in terms of subunit interactions of a stable enzyme complex.
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Dalal, Fram R. (University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia), Ronald E. Gots, and Joseph S. Gots. Mechanism of adenine inhibition in adenine-sensitive mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. J. Bacteriol. 91: 507-513. 1966.-The inhibition of growth of Salmonella typhimurium by adenine was studied with three adenine-sensitive mutants. These mutants were acutely sensitive to inhibition by adenine, were prototrophic in their growth requirements, and represented mutational events in three different genetic loci. In all cases, inhibition by adenine was relieved noncompetitively by thiamine (or its pyrimidine moiety), pantothenate (or its pantoyl moiety), and methionine alone or, more efficiently, in the presence of lysine. Kinetics of reversal indicated that adenine inhibited the synthesis of the reversing agents, probably at the level of a common factor required for their syntheses, such as the folic acid coenzymes. Support for this inference has been found by the facts that one of the mutants was identified as a partial auxotroph for p-aminobenzoic acid, and sulfadiazine could sensitize the wild type to acute inhibition by adenine.
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