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Biomedical subjects

F R Davey

Publications and source records attributed to F R Davey.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cell volumes of normal and malignant mononuclear cells.

The cell volumes of mononuclear cells, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and monocytes from the peripheral blood of 20 normal individuals were compared to neoplastic lymphoid cells from 14 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), 20 individuals with acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL), and 18 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Normal T cells were obtained by rosetting mononuclear cells with sheep erythrocytes followed by centrifugation on a gradient composed of Ficoll and diatrizoate salts. Monocyte populations were prepared by adhering mononuclear cells to plastic dishes and B cells were obtained by the depletion of T lymphocytes and monocytes from a mononuclear cell population. Cell volumes were determined on a Coulter Counter Model H4 Channelyzer. In normals, the average mean cell volume (MCV) of T lymphocytes was smaller than B lymphocytes and the average MCV of B lymphocytes was smaller than the average MCV of monocytes (p less than 0.05). The average MCV of lymphocytes from patients with CLL was smaller than the average MCV of normal B cells (p less than 0.01). The average MCV of lymphoblasts from cases of ALL was larger than the average MCV of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (p less than 0.01). In addition, the size of lymphoblasts showed great variation within and among cases of ALL. The MCV of lymphocytes from most cases of NHL was larger than the MCV of lymphocytes from reactive lymph nodes and from the peripheral blood of normal individuals. An association was observed between the MCV of neoplastic cells and the classification according to Rappaport. We believe that the measurement of lymphoid cell volumes may be helpful in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Splenic alterations in hairy cell leukemia.

Spleens from 12 patients with hairy cell leukemia were studied for morphologic alterations. Paraffin-embedded, plastic-embedded, and fresh-frozen tissue sections were stained for a variety of histochemical reactions. Hairy cells were present in great numbers within the splenic sinuses and cords. Hairy cells adhered to splenic endothelial lining cells, other hairy cells, and erythrocytes. Large clumps of hairy cells filled and partially occluded splenic sinuses. Numerous dilated sinuses, abnormal sinuses, and blood-filled spaces were present in all cases. Ring fibers around abnormal sinuses were fragmented and reduced in amount. Occasionally, the number of reticular fibers appeared increased around abnormal sinuses, but, in general, it was decreased in areas around the blood-filled spaces and in splenic cords markedly infiltrated by hairy cells. The formation of abnormal sinuses and blood-filled spaces probably resulted from the obstruction of venous blood flow and from injury or death of endothelial lining cells.

Endothelium↗
PubMed1980

Function of lymphocyte subpopulations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Activity in the allogeneic and autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction.

Lymphocyte subpopulations from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and from normal age-matched controls were evaluated for their ability to participate in allogeneic and autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR). Unfractionated and T enriched lymphocyte populations from normal age-matched controls responded well to allogeneic stimulation. T enriched lymphocytes from patients will CLL also responded to allogeneic lymphocytes. B enriched lymphocytes from normal age-matched individuals produced a stronger stimulus in the allogeneic MLR than did unfractionated mononuclear cell populations. Unfractionated and B enriched lymphocyte subpopulations from patients with CLL were poor stimulators in the allogeneic MLR. In normal age-matched controls T enriched lymphocyte subpopulations were able to respond to autologous B enriched lymphocytes. Autologous mixed lymphocyte cultures from patients with CLL failed to demonstrate any activity.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1980

Cytochemical reactions in resting and activated T-lymphocytes.

Peripheral blood T-lymphocytes from normal persons were studied before and after incubation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for the presence of beta-glucuronidase, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, acid phosphatase, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive material. The number of T-lymphocytes containing beta-glucuronidase, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase was reduced (P < 0.005) after incubation with PHA. No significant change in the number of T-lymphocytes positive for acid phosphatase was observed. PAS-positive material was markedly increased (P < 0.005) in activated T-lymphocytes. The data suggest that the cytochemical profile of resting T cells differs markedly from that of activated T-lymphocytes.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Studies of lymphocyte proliferation in hairy cell leukaemia: activity in mixed lymphocyte reaction and responses to mitogens.

Subpopulations of splenic lymphocytes from patients with hair cell leukaemia (HCL) were compared with similar subpopulations of lymphocytes from reference individuals for their ability to respond to mitogens and to participate in allogenic and autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions. T cell enriched subpopulations were obtained by double passage of mononuclear cells through mylon wool columns. Non-T cell subpopulations were collected by eluting adherent cells from nylon wool columns and by incubating them with sheep erythrocytes followed by density gradient centrifugation. Unfractionated mononuclear cells, T enriched and non-T subpopulations were compared. Enriched T cell subpopulations from HCL and reference patients responded similarly to allogeneic antigens and phytohaemagglutinin. Splenic non-T cells from reference patients produced a stronger stimulus in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction than did the unfractionated or the T enriched cells. In contrast, the non-T subpopulations from patients with HCL produced a reduced response compared to that of reference splenic cells when mixed with allogeneic lymphocytes. In addition, non-T cells from HCL patients failed to respond to pokeweed mitogen. Neither reference nor HCL splenic cells produced a significant response in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reactions. The data suggest that splenic non-T cells from patients with HCL either suppress the stimulatory capacity of normal B lymphocytes or fail to stimulate allogeneic lymphocytes in the mixed lymphocyte reactions.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Purification of human peripheral blood colony forming cells (CFUC).

A 10-fold enrichment of colony forming cells (CFUC) from single donor platelet-apheresis residues and from 70-120 ml of peripheral blood of normal donors was achieved by sequential sedimentation on Ficoll-diatrizoate, depletion of cells adherent to plastic, and depletion of cells rosetting with sheep red blood cells (T lymphocytes). Culture of 5 x 10(5) unfractionated mononuclear cells yielded 9 +/- 3 colonies and mononuclear cells depleted of adherent cells and T lymphocytes yielded 53 +/- 6 colonies. The mononuclear cell fraction depleted of adherent cells and T lymphocytes was further enriched for CFUC by isopycnic sedimentation of Percoll gradients. Cells recovered in the 1.0063-1.065 g/cm3 density layer of the gradient formed 146 +/- 9 colonies in culture. The mononuclear cells depleted of adherent cells and T lymphocytes were also enriched for CFUC by depletion of Fc-receptor positive cells using an immune sheep red blood cell rosette sedimentation technique. Cultures of the Fc-receptor depleted fractions yielded 107 +/- 12 colonies, while the Fc-receptor enriched fraction yielded only 2 +/- 1 colonies. CFUC appear to lack surface membrane receptors for sheep erythrocytes and the Fc portion of immunoglobulin as well as the ability to adhere to plastic.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1979

Studies of mixed lymphocyte reactions, surface B cell antigens, and intracytoplasmic immunoglobulins in "null cell" acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Lymphoblasts from "null cell" acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were analyzed for the pattern of proliferation displayed in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), the presence of a B cell surface antigen, and for the presence of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin (ICIg). "Null cell" ALL was defined by cytologic and cytochemical criteria and by the absence of spontaneous rosette formation and surface membrane immunoglobulin in cell suspensions of the malignant lymphocytes. In eleven of fourteen patients the proliferative characteristics of lymphoblasts in the MLR were similar to those observed with normal B enriched lymphocytes. In eleven cases studied, anti-B cell serum reacted with a majority of the lymphoblasts. None of the ten cases examined displayed ICIg in the lymphoblasts. We conclude that the "null" lymphoblast from most cases of ALL is a B cell in an early stage of development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The post-aspirin bleeding time: a screening test for evaluating haemostatic disorders.

To evaluate the usefulness of the template bleeding time post-aspiring ingestion, this test was performed with other tests of haemostasis in 28 controls and 71 patients. The mean bleeding time (B.T.) in 24/28 true controls was 3.5 +/- 1 min (1 SD). Following the ingestion of 600 mg aspirin the B.T. was 6.3 +/- 1.4 min. Four out of 28 false 'controls' with negative bleeding histories were documented to have asymptomatic von Willebrand's disease and abnormal post-aspirin B.T. Of the 71 patients studied, 22 had initial B.T. that were abnormal (16 with classical von Willebrand's disease and six with platelet dysfunction). Of the remaining 49 patients with initially normal B.T., 30 had abnormal post-aspirin B.T. Of these 30 patients 13 had von Willebrand's disease. In eight, initially the abnormal B.T. post-aspirin was the only abnormality demonstrable but later they were shown to have von Willebrand's disease. In four the abnormal post-aspirin B.T. was combined with abnormal Ristocetin aggregations and a positive family history. These patients were presumed to have a variant of von Willebrand's disease. The remaining five had platelet dysfunctional states. Of the 19 patients with normal initial post-aspirin B.T., 16 demonstrated no haemostatic abnormality, and three were proven to have von Willebrand's disease. The aspirin tolerance test raised the sensitivity of the B.T. as a screening test for haemostasis from 40% to 94% in the abnormal patient population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Immunological studies in hairy cell leukemia.

Cytochemical and immunological studies were performed on tissues and mononuclear cell suspensions from ten patients with hairy cell leukemia. In all cases studied, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase was noted within the cytoplasm of hairy cells (HCs). In two thirds of the cases, alpha naphthyl acetate esterase was observed in HCs. In addition, HCs did not form spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. A variable number of HCs displayed complement receptors. The nonspecific binding of conjugated immunoglobulin to HCs probably reflected the presence of a high concentration of Fc receptors on the HCs surface. In three cases, the conjugated immunoglobulin reacted predominantly to one light chain, thus suggesting the presence of a monoclonal immunoglobulin. In four of six cases, mononuclear cell suspensions of HCs demonstrated latex phagocytosis. In one case, HCs displayed resynthesis of surface membrane immunoglobulin, the presence of B cell antigen, and phagocytosis of latex. These findings suggest that HCs are distinctive and contain properties of both B lymphocytes and monocytes.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. A familial immunodeficiency syndrome?

We studied three children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and their immediate families. All three patients and 10/13 family members manifested at least one immunologic defect, eg, decreased numbers of T lymphocytes (1/3, 5/13), diminished in vitro response to phytohemagglutinin (2/3, 6/13), dysgammaglobulinemia (2/3, 4/13), altered autoantibodies (1/3, 5/13), and decreased serum properdin levels (3/3, 2/13). In addition, one parent and two asymptomatic siblings of two of the propositi had shortened platelet life spans with normal platelet counts. The HLA antigens A3 and B7 were identified in all three families. There also appeared to be an association between a familial haplotype and the immunologic defects. Chronic ITP appears to occur in families with underlying immunologic defects, which are genetically related.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Detection of intracellular immunoglobulin in nodular lymphomas.

In lymph node tissue sections, six of 11 human cases of nodular lymphoma showed immunoglobulin within malignant nodules, and seven of nine cases of benign follicular hyperplasia showed immunoglobulin within follicles. In addition, distributions of lymphocyte cell membrane markers for T cells and B cells were determined in ten of 11 cases of nodular lymphoma. Lymphocyte suspensions in five cases contained monoclonal immunoglobulins and in three cases neoplastic cells showed a lack of surface membrane immunoglobulins. In two cases, the distribution of lymphocyte surface markers could not be distinguished from cells of benign lymph nodes. Combined data from intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin studies and lymphocyte surface marker assays indicated that eight of ten cases are of B cell lineage. Thus, the detection of intracellular immunoglobulin is not helpful in differentiating benign follicular hyperplasia from nodular lymphoma, but is complementary to lymphocyte surface marker assays in the determination of the origin of neoplastic cells in lymphoreticular malignancies.

Antibodies↗