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F Riedel

Publications and source records attributed to F Riedel.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Urogenital-tuberculosis: pathogenesis, diagnostic approach, roentgenologic pathology, staging and remarks for differential diagnosis (author's transl)].

The diagnostic tactics in the clarification of urogenital tuberculosis are referred to the changes for the individual examinations mentioned. Some tables show the results of radiological investigations on 200 patients with proved renal tuberculosis, the extend of the triple staging proposed by us being specified. In addition to expositions on the radiopathology of urogenital tuberculosis, the differential diagnosis is indicated, its focus lying in the comparsion of 118 patients with clinical-bacteriological and/or histologically confirmed non-specific chronic pyelonephritis. The comparison of patients from two 3-year groups 1959-1961 and 1971-1973 as well as between natives and foreigners shows a change in the clinical radiological picture of renal tuberculosis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchial sensitivity to inhaled histamine in healthy, nonatopic children.

Bronchial reactivity was determined in 38 healthy children by histamine inhalation challenge using forced expiratory and body plethysmographic methods. The histamine concentrations which produced a 20% decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (PC20,FEV1), were comparable to the concentrations producing a 60% fall in specific airway conductance (PC60,SGaw). There was a significant difference in bronchial reactivity between the healthy children and a group of 29 asthmatic children (P less than 0.001), although there was some overlap. Bronchial reactivity in healthy children was found to be much higher than expected from surveys of adults. External influences or intrinsically increased bronchial reactivity in childhood are discussed as possible explanations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plastic bronchitis in children with Fontan palliation: analogue to protein losing enteropathy?

We studied a 6-year-old boy and a 2-year-old girl with bronchitis fibroplastica following Fontan operation. Large endobronchial casts of rubber-like consistency resulted in life-threatening pulmonary failure. In one patient symptoms improved after optimizing heart function with diuretics, and in the other a dramatic improvement with the resolution of the clinical symptoms and normalized serum albumin followed subcutaneous high-molecular-weight heparin treatment. The severe relapse after discontinuation of the heparin medication and the once more successful treatment with heparin suggest that in addition to optimizing heart function, high-molecular-weight heparin might be a therapeutic option for this poorly understood condition.

Bronchitis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early rather than recent exposure to tobacco increases bronchial reactivity.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco is well known to impair respiratory function of infants and children. This study was done to identify periods of increased vulnerability of the airways to tobacco products. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 162 unselected schoolchildren maximum expiratory flow at 25 % of vital capacity (MEF25) was measured before and after cold air hyperventilation. Parental smoking habits were assessed by measurement of cotinine concentrations in children's urine and by interview. RESULTS: Children, whose mothers had smoked during pregnancy, showed increased bronchial reactivity at school age compared to children whose mothers had not smoked during pregnancy (median MEF25 [25th, 75th percentile] after cold air challenge as percent of baseline: 83 % [76, 95] vs. 95 % [79, 100]; p = 0.03). Similar differences were found, when the study population was divided according to the maternal smoking status during the first six months of life. On the contrary, if the cotinine excretion exceeded the group median as a measure of recent exposure to tobacco smoke, bronchial reactivity was not increased (median MEF25 [25th, 75th percentile] as percent of baseline: 88 % [76, 100] vs. 93 % [79, 100]; p = 0.25). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy and early infancy were found to be periods of increased vulnerability of the airways to tobacco products.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypothyroidism following intermittent administration of potassium iodide].

Iodide-induced hypothyroidism with high TSH and low T4 under long term potassium iodide medication was observed in a toddler suffering from chronic wheezy bronchitis -- in spite of intermittent application. The pathophysiology of iodide-induced hypothyroidism and the apparent immaturity of adaptation to high exogenous iodide in newborn and infants are discussed.

Bronchitis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Meconium aspiration in the newborn infant--lack of long-term pulmonary sequelae].

The further development of newborns with meconium aspiration (MA) has been studied retrospectively by various investigators. However, results are inconsistent (2, 3, 5, 6). In the present study 25 children with MA were investigated in the age of 1 to 11 years. The parents answered a questionnaire, the children were examined physically. All the 11 children older than 5 years were subjected to spirometry, bodyplethysmography, and a histamine provocation test. An age matched control group of 28 children was investigated in the same way. No differences were found between children with MA and the control group concerning history and physical examination. Only the symptom "cough without cold" was found significantly more frequently in preschool children (1 to 5 years) with MA as compared to control children (p < 0.01). However, none of the parameters of lung function testing revealed any difference between the two groups. Also, the medians of the histamine thresholds in both samples were normal and did not differ. In summary, in a group of 25 children with MA, when compared to children without MA, only the symptom "cough without cold" was found significantly more frequently during preschool age. No evidence of long term pulmonary sequalae was seen in children with MA.

Bronchial Provocation Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fhit expression is absent or reduced in a subset of primary head and neck cancer.

BACKGROUND: The inactivation of the FHIT gene at 3p14.2 by various mechanisms might be of importance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Most reports are based on DNA and RNA findings of intragenic deletions and abnormal transcripts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To study the protein expression of this putative tumour suppressor gene, we analysed 48 HNSCCs by immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal antibody (ZR44). The results were compared with mutation analysis, clinical data and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) data at 3p14.2. RESULTS: Complete absence of Fhit expression was detected in 8 out of 48 of tumours (17%) and 3 tumours (6%) showed heterogenous staining. The overall frequency of LOH for microsatellite D3S1234 was 64% and 5/7 of Fhit negative tumours exhibited LOH. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide further evidence that FHIT is inactivated in a subtype of HNSCC; however, the incidence of lack of Fhit expression compared to the high frequency of LOH on chromosome 3p supports the notion of additional tumour suppressor genes at 3p14.

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated as playing an important role in cancer invasion and metastasis. MMPs have been identified in a wide variety of malignancies including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We investigated the circulating level of MMP-2 (gelatinase A or 72-kD type IV collagenase) and MMP-9 (gelatinase B or 92-kD type IV collagenase) in sera from patients with various head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (n = 86) as well as from healthy normal controls (n = 47). Serum MMP concentrations were determined as serum immunoreactivity by using a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. For statistical analysis, the t-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed. RESULTS: The majority of the patients with HNSCC were found to have high concentrations of serum MMP-9. The levels of MMP-9 in the sera of patients with cancer ranged from 39 to 1547 ng/ml (mean, 417 ng/ml). In contrast, the MMP-9 serum levels in 47 healthy individuals ranged from 30 to 537 ng/ml (mean, 189 ng/ml), MMP-9 serum concentration being significantly higher in HNSCC patients (p = 0.001). MMP-9 serum concentrations of patients with advanced stage HNSCC were significantly higher (p = 0.0449) compared to patients with early stage cancer. No significant difference of MMP-2 serum levels was seen when comparing HNSCC patients and normal controls. CONCLUSION: The present data indicate that the elevation of serum levels of MMP-9, but not MMP-2, may be a useful marker for clinical monitoring of HNSCC patients.

Adult↗
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Inverse correlation of apoptotic and angiogenic markers in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Angiogenesis is essential for tumour growth and metastasis. The induction of tumour vascularization is mediated by the release of angiogenic peptides. Among these factors, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are thought to be the most important. Previous experimental studies indicate that the process of apoptosis, the programme of cell death, may be related to angiogenesis in head and neck carcinogenesis. Therefore, cryostat sections of 49 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) were investigated immunohistochemically for pro-apoptotic factors caspase-3 and Fas ligand (FasL) using a standard streptavidin-biotin complex procedure. Expression of bFGF, VEGF and MMP-9 served as angiogenic markers. Additionally, intratumoral microvascular density (MVD) was counted by immunostaining of endothelial cells using anti-vWF antibody. Comparing the expression of apoptotic and angiogenic factors, a statistically significant inverse correlation of caspase-3 expression and VEGF and MMP-9 expression was found. Concerning FasL, the correlation of its expression with expression of VEGF, bFGF and MMP-9 was inversely correlated. With respect to vWF-immunostaining, statistical analysis gave a clear inverse correlation between the tumour vascularity and the expression of FasL (p = 0.0008) and caspase-3 (p = 0.0068). Our results suggest that HNSCC tumour angiogenesis contributes to a reduction of apoptosis in tumour cells. This may be explained by the activation of pro-apoptotic factors caused by hypoxia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunocytochemical localization of basic fibroblast growth factor in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.

Angiogenesis is crucial for tumour growth and formation of metastasis. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is known to have potent angiogenic activity and has been identified in a wide variety of malignancies including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Clarification of its localization in HNSCC is important for the understanding of angiogenesis. Cryosiat sections of 27 HNSCC were immunostained for bFGF using a standard streptavidin-biotin complex procedure. Western blot analysis revealed three immunoreactive bFGF isoforms of 18, 22 and 24 kDa. Immunohistochemical and -cytochemical localization of bFGF was studied at light and electron microscopic levels. bFGF was mainly localized within the focal tumoral areas rather than in the tumour stroma. On a subcellular level, the ultrastructural investigation showed electron-dense bFGF localization in the cytosol of the carcinoma cells, but bFGF labelling within the nuclei of HNSCC cancer cells was one prominent finding of this study. In conclusion, the presence of bFGF isoforms in most of the cancer cells supports the theory of a direct paracrine mechanism of bFGF from cancer cells on tumour angiogenesis. The nuclear localization of bFGF in the HNSCC cells supports its activity as a transcriptional factor.

Biotin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic discordance between primary tumours and metastases of head and neck cancer detected by microsatellite analysis.

Very little is known about possible intra-tumoural genetic heterogeneity between primary tumours and lymph node metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). To investigate this phenomenon, we analysed 96 micro-dissected tumour samples for allelic imbalance at four of the most frequently altered chromosomal locations in HNSCC (3p14.2; 9p21; 11q23.3; 17p13.1) using microsatellite markers. From 23 patients, matched pairs of primary tumour and lymph node metastasis were analysed. Discordance in the allelic distribution was identified in 8 cases (35%). With one exception, the metastasis contained a more balanced allelic status than the primary tumour. In contrast, in a group of 25 tumours with two anatomically different samples from the primary tumour site, discordance was identified in only 3 tumours (13%). These results are compatible with the dissemination of subclones from the primary tumour site with a more balanced allelotype in the metastasis. In our opinion, several scenarios could explain this phenomenon. From a clinical point of view, genetic discordance between the metastasis and the primary tumour must be taken into consideration when establishing molecular biologic markers for choice of therapy and prognosis in head and neck cancer.

Allelic Imbalance↗