PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Robbins

Publications and source records attributed to F Robbins.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Chloride transport by lobster hepatopancreas is facilitated by several anion antiport mechanisms.

Three anion antiporters have previously been demonstrated in lobster hepatopancreatic basolateral membrane vesicles (BLMV) to perform vital physiological functions in the crustacean. Cl(-) was shown to be transported by all three of the documented antiporters. The stilbene, 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, also known as SITS, strongly inhibited Cl(-)/SO(4)(2-), Cl(-)/oxalate(2-) and Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchange. It was concluded that Cl(-) could be transported by different modes of the documented existing anion antiporters in the lobster hepatopancreatic BLMV.

4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfo↗
PubMed2000

The oxalate/sulfate antiporter in lobster hepatopancreas: internal and external binding constants.

Utilizing a purified basolateral plasma membrane vesicle (BLMV) preparation containing a sulfate/oxalate antiporter, it was demonstrated that sulfate exhibited similar binding characteristics to the transporter whether bound internally or externally. It was also demonstrated that oxalate had similar binding characteristics to the antiporter whether it was bound internally or externally. Oxalate had a greater affinity to the transporter than did sulfate. Several organic anions affected binding and, therefore, overall transport by the antiporter. Most notably, sulfate was the only anion that stimulated oxalate uptake into BLMVs, which suggests a conservative binding specificity for the antiporter. 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (SITS) and/or 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) inhibited the transport rate, confirming the existence of oxalate/sulfate exchange by the transporter. These results suggest that oxalate, not sulfate, regulates the transport rate because of its greater affinity to the transporter.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Diversity associated with the second expressed HLA-DRB locus in the human population.

Although diversity within the HLA-DRB region is predominantly focused in the DRB1 gene, the second expressed DRB loci, DRB3, DRB4, and DRB5, also exhibit variation. Within DRB1(*)15 or DRB1(*)16 haplotypes, four new variants were identified: 1) two new DRB5 alleles, DRB5*0104 and DRB5*0204, 2) a haplotype carrying a DRB1(*)15 or *16 allele without the usual accompanying DRB5 allele, and 3) a haplotype carrying a DRB5(*)0101 allele without a DRB1(*)15 or *16 allele. The evolutionary origins of these haplotypes were postulated based on their associations with the DRB6 pseudogene. Within HLA haplotypes which carry DRB3, a new DRB3(*)0205 allele and one unusual DRB3 association were identified. Finally, two new null DRB4 alleles are described: DRB4(*)0201N, which exhibits a deletion in the second exon, and a second allele, DRB4(*)null, which lacks the second exon completely. Gene conversion-like events and variation in the number of functional genes through reciprocal recombination and inactivation contribute to the diversity observed in the second expressed HLA-DRB loci.

Alleles↗
PubMed1997

Identification of four new DR52-associated DRB1 alleles: DRB1*1424, *1425, *1323 and *1324.

Four previously unreported DR52-associated DRB1 alleles have been characterized through DNA sequencing, contributing to the diversity of the HLA system. DRB1*1424 is nearly identical to DRB1*1402 in the second exon, except that it contains the "I---A" motif found at codons 67-71 common to the DRB1*15 alleles. DRB1*1425 contains the "A--H" motif, found in DRB1*1401 at codons 57-60, in a sequence otherwise identical with the second exon of DRB1*1307. Compared with DRB1*11012, DRB1*1323 contains three predicted amino acid changes at codons 58 (ala-->glu), 67 (phe-->ile), and 71 (arg-->glu). The sequence of DRB1*1324 is identical to exon 2 of DRB1*1103, except that DRB1*1324 does not contain the GAG at codon 58 characteristic of the DRB1*11 alleles. These new alleles may have arisen through gene conversion, and they contribute to the complexity of the DR6 family.

Alleles↗
PubMed1995

Direct sequencing of SSP-PCR-amplified cDNA to identify new alleles in the DR52-associated DRB1 group: identification of DRB1*1115, DRB1*1117 and DRB1*1319.

Low and high resolution sequence specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization patterns were used to design an approach to direct sequencing of allele specific amplified cDNA. Several PCR amplifications were used to derive overlapping sequence fragments to define complete first domain sequences for a single allele. This method has been used to characterize three new DRB1 alleles in the DR52 family, DRB1*1115, DRB1*1117, and DRB1*1319. All three alleles carry polymorphisms previously observed in other DRB alleles and underscore the importance of utilizing a directed sequencing approach for obtaining unambiguous typing results in matching for bone marrow transplantation between unrelated donor and recipient.

Alleles↗
PubMed1995

Correlation of plasma calcium with experimentally elevated cholesterol and triglycerides in laying hens.

An experiment was conducted to determine the relationship between plasma Ca, cholesterol, and triglycerides in commercial laying hens. A 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used with two levels of dietary iodine (0 and 5,000 ppm) from KI and two levels of beta-estradiol (0 and 12 mg in a single subcutaneous injection), in a corn oil carrier. Feeding iodine or injecting beta-estradiol resulted in increased plasma Ca, cholesterol and triglycerides. The increases were additive for the two treatments. Plasma Ca and cholesterol was significantly correlated. Plasma Ca was negatively correlated with triglycerides when the hens were injected with beta-estradiol. Cholesterol and triglycerides were correlated when hens were injected with beta-estradiol. However, feeding KI decreased the correlation between Ca and triglycerides, and cholesterol and triglycerides.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Vascular changes in the dental pulp in the hypercholesterolemic miniature swine.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hypercholesterolemia and a cholesterol-lowering diet on the blood vessels of dental pulp. Eighteen miniature swine were assigned to three different groups on the basis of their diets: hog finisher; hog finisher with added fat and cholesterol, or hog finisher with added fat and cholesterol supplemented with grapefruit pectin. The cholesterol levels were monitored monthly for the duration of the experiment. Biopsy specimens of the aorta, coronary arteries, kidneys, and mandibular incisor teeth were prepared for histologic examination. The degree of narrowing of the central pulpal arterioles was measured with a Bioquant II digitizer attached to an Apple IIe computer and a Nikon Labophot light microscope. A few (9.8%) of the pulpal arterioles of the swine on a high-cholesterol diet had atheromatous plaques, but no complete vascular obstructions were observed. No degenerative changes were observed in any of the dental pulps examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Assessment and skill remediation of hyperlexic children.

Assessment and remedial approaches derived from the field of learning disabilities were applied in two studies of hyperlexic children. Information-processing strengths and weaknesses of hyperlexic children were assessed in the first study, and the hypothesis that hyperlexic children have superior abilities to retain sound/symbol associations was investigated. Results supported this hypothesis, and indicated that the exceptional reading skills of hyperlexic children are not simply a result of repeated exposure to words. In the second study, a hyperlexic child's ability to decode words was used to increase her functional speech. Written prompts resulted in rapid increases in appropriate verbal responses in naturalistic settings. Furthermore, our results demonstrated maintenance and generalization of the positive effects of written prompts.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1986

Brief report: characteristics of methods of subject selection and description in research on autism.

Characteristics of autism research were examined in this survey of a subset of studies published between 1971 and 1982. Results indicated that replicability of research, and appropriate generalization of findings, are likely to be impaired because of inadequacies of subject selection procedures and omission of important descriptive information. Although there were improvements in these areas over this 12-year span, increased use of objective, quantitative measures of diagnosis of autism and assessment of intellectual abilities of autistic subjects are needed.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1985

Development of learning-disabled and normally achieving children's causal attributions.

The causal attributions of learning-disabled (LD) and normally achieving (NA) children in grades 3 through 8 were compared. Attributions were measured by two scales that asked children to attribute hypothetical academic failure situations to factors that were either within (e.g., insufficient effort) or beyond (e.g., insufficient ability, blaming others) their control. Consistent with a learned helplessness hypothesis. LD girls, regardless of age, were more likely than NA children to attribute their failures to factors beyond their control. In contrast, LD boys' explanations for their failures paralleled those of NA children. That is, with increasing age the LD boys were more likely to attribute their failures to insufficient effort. Explanations and implications of sex differences in developmental patterns of LD children's causal attributions are discussed.

Achievement↗
PubMed1985

Hand rehabilitation after great toe transfer for thumb reconstruction.

A comprehensive rehabilitation program for patients who have undergone a great toe to hand transfer for thumb reconstruction can significantly affect eventual functional outcome. When the thumb is amputated near the metacarpophalangeal joint, such a transfer provides a useful and aesthetic thumb substitute. Goals of rehabilitation are to promote optimal functioning of the reconstructed hand by maximizing range of motion, preventing reduction of the first web space, facilitating adequate sensory return, and maximizing strength, coordination, and endurance. Therapeutic modalities include edema control, passive and active exercises, static and dynamic splinting, massage, sensory reeducation, and graded functional activities. Emotional adjustment and vocational adaptation are additional therapeutic concerns. Case histories of two patients are briefly reviewed along with pre- and posttransfer assessments of range of motion, strength, sensation, and dexterity.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1983

Primary and secondary MLR characterization of three allelic variants of HLA-Dw7 segregating in a single family.

Three of four parental haplotypes of a kindred from the Old Order Amish religious isolate carried HLA-DR7 and specificities of the HLA-Dw7 "cluster." Intrafamily primary and secondary mixed lymphocyte responses clearly distinguished the three Dw7-related allelic specificities. Two of the specificities fall within the Dw11 crossreacting group, designated here as Dw11 "short" (Dw11S) and Dw11 "long" (Dw11L), while the third is more closely related to Dw7. Reaction patterns in this family illustrate the complexity of antigen recognition in primary and secondary mixed lymphocyte responses and the important role played by the responder cell in generating discriminatory primed lymphocyte typing reagents.

Alleles↗