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Biomedical subjects

F Rogers

Publications and source records attributed to F Rogers.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Prevalence of sparganosis by county of origin in Florida feral swine.

Sparganosis is a parasitic infection in amphibians, reptiles and mammals including feral swine and man. It is caused by migration of the metacestode (spargana) of Spirometra. The primary objective of this study was the determination of the prevalence of gross sparganosis in Florida county of origin in slaughtered feral swine. Tracebacks to county of origin were conducted for Florida feral swine with and without gross sparganosis. Feral swine trapped in Florida and presented for slaughter in a Texas slaughter establishment from May to December 1999 was the sample population. Overall prevalence of sparganosis in Florida feral swine was 6.9%. Because Highlands county had the same prevalence, other counties were compared to it. Sparganosis was detected in 17 Florida counties. Swine originating from Osceola or Hillsborough counties (4.3 and 1.8% prevalence, respectively) had lower prevalence of sparganosis than in Highlands, whereas those from Marion county (21.7% prevalence) had a higher prevalence. Transmission to humans may occur via consumption of infected feral swine, other species of secondary intermediate hosts or the primary intermediate hosts.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2001

Contribution of age and gender to outcome of blunt splenic injury in adults: multicenter study of the eastern association for the surgery of trauma.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of age and gender to outcome after treatment of blunt splenic injury in adults. METHODS: Through the Multi-Institutional Trials Committee of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST), 1488 adult patients from 27 trauma centers who suffered blunt splenic injury in 1997 were examined retrospectively. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of patients were 55 years of age or older. A similar proportion of patients > or = 55 went directly to the operating room compared with patients < 55 (41% vs. 38%) but the mortality for patients > or = 55 was significantly greater than patients < 55 (43% vs. 23%). Patients > or = 55 failed nonoperative management (NOM) more frequently than patients < 55 (19% vs. 10%) and had increased mortality for both successful NOM (8% vs. 4%, p < 0.05) and failed NOM (29% vs. 12%, p = 0.054). There were no differences in immediate operative treatment, successful NOM, and failed NOM between men and women. However, women > or = 55 failed NOM more frequently than women < 55 (20% vs. 7%) and this was associated with increased mortality (36% vs. 5%) (both p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients > or = 55 had a greater mortality for all forms of treatment of their blunt splenic injury and failed NOM more frequently than patients < 55. Women > or = 55 had significantly greater mortality and failure of NOM than women < 55.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A time-to-treatment analysis in the medicine versus angiography in thrombolytic exclusion (MATE) trial.

Patients with acute coronary syndromes who are considered ineligible for thrombolytic therapy are at high risk of recurrent ischemia and death. This trial randomized 201 patients to triage angiography in the first 24 hours of hospital admission versus conventional medical care. Of the 165 patients who underwent angiography that was either protocol-driven or on the basis of physician preference, those who underwent angiography within 6 hours of symptom onset had a reduction in early and late adverse events. The rates of in-hospital recurrent ischemia were 15.4%, 15.4%, 17.5%, 32.4%, and 38.5%, respectively (P = 0.01 for trend), and rates of cumulative recurrent myocardial infarction or death were 0%, 12.8%, 10.0%, 11.8%, and 7.7%, respectively (P = 0.48 for trend) for patients who underwent angiography at 0-6, 6-12, 12-24, 24-48, and over 48 hours, respectively from symptom onset. Future trials of invasive versus conservative therapy should focus on performing angiography within 6 hours of symptom onset.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) induces cyclin D1 expression and DNA synthesis via early signaling mechanisms in Swiss mouse 3T3 cells.

Prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)), a mitogen for Swiss 3T3 cells, triggers cyclin D1 mRNA/protein expression prior to cellular entry into the S phase, but fails to raise cdk4 or cyclin D3 levels, while 1-oleoyl-2-diacylglycerol (OAG), a protein kinase C (PKC) and tyrosine kinase (TK) activator, induces only cyclin D1 expression with no mitogenic response. In contrast, in PKC-depleted or -inhibited cells, PGF(2alpha), but not OAG, increases cyclin D1 expression with no mitogenic response. Finally, OAG, in the presence of orthovanadate (Na(3)VO(4)) or TGF(beta1), induces DNA synthesis. Thus, it appears that PGF(2alpha) triggers cyclin D1 expression via two independent signaling events that complement with TGF(beta1)-triggered events to induce DNA synthesis.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed2000

Impaired culprit vessel flow in acute coronary syndromes ineligible for thrombolysis.

The majority of patients with acute myocardial infarction and other acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are considered ineligible for thrombolysis and do not routinely receive reperfusion therapy. We hypothesized that predictors and outcomes of angiographically impaired culprit vessel flow can be identified and compared. This trial evaluated the outcomes following triage angiography in acute coronary syndromes ineligible for thrombolytic therapy. Eligible patients (n=201) with<24 hours of symptoms were randomized to early triage angiography and subsequent therapies based on the angiogram versus conventional medical therapy. This analysis was performed in 165 patients, from experimental and control arms, in whom angiography was performed on the index hospitalization with the outcome of interest being target vessel flow (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction [TIMI] grades 0 to 2) on initial angiography. Patients with and without impaired culprit lesion flow were similar with respect to age, gender, diabetes, and prior coronary disease. A family history of premature coronary disease was more common in those with impaired flow, 50.0 versus 28.5% (p=0.02). Abnormal culprit vessel flow was found in 19.2% of patients who underwent angiography within 6 hours of symptom onset; however, after 24 hours this rate was reduced to 11.7%. Impaired culprit lesion flow can be expected in approximately 20% of patients presenting with ACS who are ineligible for reperfusion therapy by conventional guidelines and therefore represents an opportunity for early intervention within 6 hours of the onset of symptoms in these patients.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1998

A prospective randomized trial of triage angiography in acute coronary syndromes ineligible for thrombolytic therapy. Results of the medicine versus angiography in thrombolytic exclusion (MATE) trial.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine if early triage angiography with revascularization, if indicated, favorably affects clinical outcomes in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction who are ineligible for thrombolysis. BACKGROUND: The majority of patients with acute myocardial infarction and other acute coronary syndromes are considered ineligible for thrombolysis and therefore are not afforded the opportunity for early reperfusion. METHODS: This multicenter, prospective, randomized trial evaluated in a controlled fashion the outcomes following triage angiography in acute coronary syndromes ineligible for thrombolytic therapy. Eligible patients (n=201) with <24 h of symptoms were randomized to early triage angiography and subsequent therapies based on the angiogram versus conventional medical therapy consisting of aspirin, intravenous heparin, nitroglycerin, beta-blockers, and analgesics. RESULTS: In the triage angiography group, 109 patients underwent early angiography and 64 (58%) received revascularization, whereas in the conservative group, 54 (60%) subsequently underwent nonprotocol angiography in response to recurrent ischemia and 33 (37%) received revascularization (p=0.004). The mean time to revascularization was 27+/-32 versus 88+/-98 h (p=0.0001) and the primary endpoint of recurrent ischemic events or death occurred in 14 (13%) versus 31 (34%) of the triage angiography and conservative groups, respectively (45% risk reduction, 95% CI 27-59%, p=0.0002). There were no differences between the groups with respect to initial hospital costs or length of stay. Long-term follow-up at a median of 21 months revealed no significant differences in the endpoints of late revascularization, recurrent myocardial infarction, or all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Early triage angiography in patients with acute coronary syndromes who are not eligible for thrombolytics reduced the composite of recurrent ischemic events or death and shortened the time to definitive revascularization during the index hospitalization. Despite more frequent early revascularization after triage angiography, we found no long-term benefit in cardiac outcomes compared with conservative medical therapy with revascularization prompted by recurrent ischemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Limiting cardiac evaluation in patients with suspected myocardial contusion.

A great deal of time and effort is spent attempting to diagnose myocardial contusion in patients with blunt thoracic trauma. Many diagnostic protocols have been proposed in the past. However, there is no test with sufficient specificity to predict which patients will develop complications that will require therapy. Recent studies have raised the question of limiting the cardiac evaluation in certain selected patients with blunt thoracic trauma. We prospectively studied the safety of limiting the cardiac evaluation in patients who were hemodynamically stable, had no history of cardiac disease, had a normal baseline ECG, did not require surgery or neurological observation for associated injuries, and were less than 55 years of age. These patients represent the majority of patients considered at risk for myocardial contusion when mechanism is the sole criterion. These patients were simply admitted for 24 hours of continuous cardiac monitoring. No patient developed any complications of myocardial contusion requiring therapy. We conclude that it is safe to limit the cardiac evaluation in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effectiveness of self-monitored, home-based, moderate-intensity exercise training in middle-aged men and women.

The effects of 6 months of self-monitored, home-based exercise training on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), body composition and plasma lipid levels of healthy, sedentary, middle-aged persons were evaluated in 60 men, aged 49 +/- 6 years, and 60 women, aged 47 +/- 5 years. Moderate-intensity training was performed 5 times per week in sessions of 47 +/- 7 minutes and 54 +/- 8 minutes for men and women, respectively. The individually prescribed range of heart rate corresponded to 65 to 77% of the peak value during symptom-limited treadmill testing (mean of 72% for men and 69% for women). Caloric expenditure per training session was approximately 345 kcal for men and 235 kcal for women. VO2 max increased 15% in men and 9% in women (both p less than 0.01). The greater increase in VO2 max in men than in women primarily reflected greater adherence to training in men (greater than or equal to 90% vs greater than or equal to 75%). The increase in VO2 max in women who showed very high adherence was comparable to that of men. Body weight decreased, by 1.5 +/- 10 kg, in men (p less than 0.05) but not in women undergoing training. No significant training-induced changes in plasma lipid levels were noted in either men or women. Baseline orientation and follow-up telephone calls required less than 1 hour of staff time per participant. Self-monitored, moderate-intensity, home-based exercise training significantly increases functional capacity in healthy, middle-aged men and women. Such training provides an alternative to group-based exercise training.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Assessment by a microprocessor of adherence to home-based moderate-intensity exercise training in healthy, sedentary middle-aged men and women.

Research in exercise training of healthy persons, which has been conducted almost exclusively in supervised group programs, is relatively expensive for the investigator and inconvenient for the participant. To overcome these obstacles, self-monitored moderate-intensity home-based exercise training was prescribed for 28 middle-aged men and 26 middle-aged women. The median energy expenditure prescribed for each of 5 weekly exercise sessions was 4 cal/kg body weight, or 317 kcal for men and 265 kcal for women, corresponding to a median duration of 45 and 60 minutes, respectively. In the next 24 weeks, peak oxygen uptake increased 13.7% in men who exercised, from 31 +/- 4 to 37 +/- 4 ml/kg/min, and 10% in women who exercised, from 26 +/- 4 to 29 +/- 5 ml/kg/min (p less than 0.001 for both comparisons). The proportion of prescribed caloric expenditure per session, which was documented by a solid-state heart rate recorder, was 108% in men and 90% in women. The duration of training at heart rates above the prescribed range approximated 10 minutes per session for both men and women; the proportion of total caloric expenditure represented by exercise at heart rates exceeding the prescribed limit was 9% for men and 4% for women. The proportion of time spent within the prescribed heart rate range during training sessions was 76% for men and 84% for women. Training-induced musculoskeletal problems were reported by 6 men and no women. No subject sought medical attention and all resumed training within 1 week.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗