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Biomedical subjects

F Rose

Publications and source records attributed to F Rose.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Inhibition of postoperative muscular proteolysis by sodium alpha-ketoisocaproate: does a dose-effect relation exist?].

The inhibitory effect of branched chain amino acids on muscle protein breakdown has been attributed to the ketoanalogue of leucine, alpha-ketoisocaproic acid. In an attempt to demonstrate a possible dose-response relationship for ketoleucine, the postoperative protein breakdown (using urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine, creatinine and nitrogen) was evaluated in 29 patients undergoing gynaecological surgery. They were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: group A (ten patients) received 3 g of glucose per kilo and per day, group B (ten patients) received glucose + 100 mg X kg-1 X d-1 of ketoleucine and group C (nine patients) glucose + 200 mg X kg-1 X d-1 of ketoleucine. The study was performed over a period of 72 h. The 3-methylhistidine/creatinine ratio was significantly lower in groups B and C than in group A (respectively 28.47, 28.07 and 32.08). These results confirmed the inhibitory effect of ketoleucine on muscle protein breakdown. However there was no difference between group B and group C. In conclusion, this study did not demonstrate a dose-response relationship for ketoleucine in moderate postoperative catabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of leucine or ketoleucine on nitrogen metabolism in postoperative patients receiving energy substrate.

It has been shown that ketoisocaproate (KIC) spares nitrogen (N) in fasting postoperative patients while leucine does not. The aim of the present study was to determine if KIC when compared with leucine, decreases nitrogen excretion in postoperative patients receiving energy substrate. Thirty patients undergoing gynecological surgery (hysterectomy with or without lymphadenectomy) were randomized to receive for the first 3 postoperative days one of the following I.V. solutions per kilo and per day: 3 g glucose (group A) 3 g glucose + 90 mg Leucine (group B), 3 g glucose + 100 mg ketoleucine (group C). The output of 3 methylhistidine (3 MEH), total nitrogen and creatinine were measured daily. Although muscle protein breakdown measured as 3 MEH/creatinine molar ratio was significantly reduced in group C as compared with A and B, total nitrogen and creatinine did not differ significantly in A, B and C. Thus, the metabolic effects of KIC in postoperative patients are appreciably influenced by glucose infusions and the usefulness of KIC infusions in such patients needs further study.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

[Urinary excretion of nitrogen from 15N leucine during infusion of an amino acids solution rich in branched amino acids].

Branched chain amino acid enriched solutions have been proposed in several situations. The fate of the nitrogen contained in those amino acids, particularly the immediate urinary excretion, has not been established yet. In the present study, the rates of urea and total urinary nitrogen loss from 15N leucine were measured in a patient receiving a branched chain amino acid enriched solution. The results showed that: 1) the urinary excretion of leucine represented less than 1% of the amount of injected leucine; 2) 15N excreted from leucine was 5.37% of the 15N injected during the 24 h of the infusion and 7.66% during the following day; 3) the excretion of 15N urea represented 62% of the total 15N excreted during the first 24 h and 72% for the following day. Finally, in this patient, the amount of nitrogen from leucine immediately excreted in the urine was moderate.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

[Urinary excretion of creatinine and 3-methylhistidine in multiply injured patients].

The daily urinary excretion of 3,methylhistidine (3,MeHis) was measured in eight severely injured patients for periods of at least two weeks to at most one month after the trauma. The patients were fed with 0.20 +/- 0.05 g X kg-1 X 24 h-1 of nitrogen and 25 +/- 5 kcal X kg-1 X 24 h-1 given as glucose. The pattern of 3,MeHis and creatinine excretion as well as the weight loss suggested the following: 1) the muscle protein breakdown in these patients was approximately twice the normal value (the mean 3,MeHis excretions were respectively 7.98, 7.21, 6.26 and 5.14 mumol X kg-1 X 24 h-1 for the four week study period, compared with the normal value of 3.73); 2) the creatinine excretion decreased slowly. This showed the magnitude of muscle wasting in these patients who, in one month, could lose up to 20% of their initial weight. Various factors could be responsible for increasing and extending the muscle protein catabolism: the importance of muscle damage, the metabolic response to neurotrauma, sepsis and prolonged immobilization. In these conditions, it would seem useless and even harmful to try, at all costs, to obtain a positive nitrogen balance. The authors suggest therefore an average intake of 0.2 g X kg-1 X 24 h-1 of nitrogen, which should be sufficient to meet the requirements for protein synthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the Titertek Multiskan for determining minimal inhibitory concentration endpoints.

A commercially available through-the-plate reading photometer (Titertek Multiskan, Flow Laboratories, McLean, Va.) was used to determine microdilution minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) for 190 clinical isolates of bacteria (115 gram-negative rods and 75 gram-positive cocci). The performance of the instrument was evaluated by comparing its MIC readings to those that were visually determined. The MICs determined by the instrument were identical to those determined visually for 94% of the gram-negative rods and 89% of the gram-positive cocci tested. Of the MICs determined by the instrument, 99% was within one dilution of the MICs determined visually.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Value of the determination of urinary 3-methylhistidine (3 MEHIS) in the evaluation of postoperative muscular catabolism].

Daily estimations of urinary 3 methylhistidine, creatinine and total nitrogen were carried out during the first four post-operative days in sixteen patients who had undergone uncomplicated abdominal surgery and receiving parenteral alimentation. Figures obtained for 3 methylhistidine (19.36 +/- 4.48 mumol/kg as a cumulative for the 4 days) could be used to assess the catabolism of muscular protein during this period at approximately 320 g for a 70 kg subject, i.e. approximately twice that found in the healthy adult. There was a good correlation between 3 MEHIS and creatinine. Muscular catabolism is hence proportional to the degree of lean body mass. By contrast, there was no correlation between the excretion of 3 MEHIS and nitrogen excretion. Finally, study of the effect of qualitative and quantitative variations in nitrogen intake on muscular proteolysis did not make possible any conclusion at present. Further studies are hence necessary.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of the adenine nucleotide translocase in hepatomas and rat liver mitochondria.

Various biochemical properties of the adenine nucleotide translocase were compared with mitochondria prepared from control and host liver, and Morris hepatomas 7777, 7800 and 5123C. The transport of phosphoenolpyruvate on the adenine nucleotide translocase was found to be three to four times more active, and inhibition of the transporter by palmitoyl-CoA and atractylate considerably less in hepatoma the active transport of phosphoenolypyruvate was associated with a greater stimulation of calcium egress from the mitochondria matrix by the anion in the hepatoma. The diminished sensitivity of the adenine nucleotide translocase to palmitoyl-CoA in hepatoma mitochondria was associated with lower levels of long chain acyl-CoA esters in the whole tissue. A change in activation energy at 6 degrees C for the adenine nucleotide translocase was found in host liver mitochondria while no break point in the temperature curve was observed in hepatoma mitochondria. These results are most consistent with a change in the structure-function relationship of hepatoma mitochondria due to differences in lipid composition.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1976

Estimation of glomerular filtration rate from plasma creatinine concentration in children.

The relation between the true plasma creatinine concentration (Pc) and the glomerular filtration rate corrected for body surface area (GFR/SA) was investigated in 108 individuals, and the following formula was derived: GFR/SA (ml/min per 1-73m2SA) = 0-43 Ht (cm)/Pc (mg/100 ml). This formula was tested in a second group of 83 children, and its accuracy and precision was compared to the 24-hour creatinine clearance. It was found to be superior to the creatinine clearance overall, and was as good, even if all results involving suspect 24-hour-urine collections were eliminated from analysis. The formula in SI usage is: GFR/SA (ml/min per 1-73 m2SA) = 38 Ht (cm)1Pc (mumol/l).

Adolescent↗