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F Roudot-Thoraval

Publications and source records attributed to F Roudot-Thoraval.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies (tests ELISA 2 and RIBA 2) in a population of pregnant women in France].

We studied the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in a population of 2,367 pregnant women attending three public Parisian suburban hospitals. Of this group, 1,614 (68 percent) were French and 753 (32 percent) were immigrant women. The geographic origin of the immigrant population was North Africa (40 percent), West Africa (33 percent), Asia (14 percent), and South Europe (13 percent). Anti-HCV antibodies were tested by the Ortho ELISA second generation test. If present, the Ortho's four-antigen RIBA test and serum alanine aminotransferase determinations were done routinely. The overall prevalence was 1.73 percent. It was 1.55 percent in French women and 2.13 percent in immigrant women. Risk factors associated with anti-HCV were found in 68 percent of the anti-HCV positive French women and in 44 percent of the positive immigrant women. Risk factors were significantly more frequent in anti-HCV positive women in both groups. Among the 41 women with a positive ELISA test, 16/25 French women (64 percent) and 8/16 immigrants (50 percent) had a positive four-antigen RIBA test. Thus, the prevalence of a positive RIBA test was similar in both groups (0.99 and 1.06 percent), due to a higher proportion of false positive ELISA tests observed in the immigrants. These results show that, in French pregnant women: a) the prevalence of anti-HCV is twice as high as that found in blood donors and is a better estimation of the actual prevalence of these antibodies in France; b) positive ELISA 2 tests are most often confirmed by a positive RIBA 2 test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Mediastinal diffuse large-cell lymphoma with sclerosis: a condition with a poor prognosis.

Twenty patients (17 women, three men) with mediastinal diffuse large-cell lymphoma with sclerosis are reported. At the time of diagnosis, the disease was confined to supradiaphragmatic areas in all patients but two, who had kidney involvement (seven were stage I, 11 were stage II, and two were stage IV). A B-cell phenotype was demonstrated in nine of the 11 cases that were analyzed for cell lineage. All patients received an anthracyclin-containing regimen followed by mantle radiotherapy. Analysis of pretreatment characteristics showed that only the extent of disease influences outcome. Moreover, achievement of complete remission (CR) after chemotherapy appears to be a major prognostic factor. Two-year survival was better in patients who reached CR after chemotherapy than in those who did not (100% versus 9%; p less than 0.0001). Overall 2-year and 7-year survival rates were 50% and 33%, respectively. Therefore, localized mediastinal large cell lymphoma with sclerosis should be considered a high-risk subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which standard treatment approaches are unsuccessful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Atrial natriuretic factor in chronic obstructive lung disease with pulmonary hypertension. Physiological correlates and response to peptide infusion.

To investigate the physiological role of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in patients with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), we infused synthetic alpha-human ANF in seven such patients, and investigated the physiological correlates to circulating peptide levels in 24 patients with COLD. ANF infusion, at incremental rates of 0.01, 0.03, and 0.1 micrograms/kg.min, increased basal plasma immunoreactive (ir) ANF (136 +/- 38 pg/ml) by 3-, 10-, and 26-fold, respectively, and reduced pulmonary artery pressure (from 33 +/- 3 to 25 +/- 2 mmHg, P less than 0.001) and systemic arterial pressure (from 88 +/- 4 to 79 +/- 4 mmHg, P less than 0.001) in a dose-related fashion. Cardiac index increased by 13.5% (P less than 0.01) while heart rate was unchanged. Cardiac filling pressures decreased at 0.1 micrograms/kg.min ANF. Pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance fell by 37% (P less than 0.001) and 19% (P less than 0.001), respectively. Arterial oxygenation was impaired during ANF infusion, suggesting partial reversal of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Plasma renin activity remained unchanged but aldosterone fell by 44% (P less than 0.01). The levels of plasma irANF in 24 patients correlated directly with the degree of hemoconcentration (r = 0.67, P less than 0.001), respiratory acidosis (r = -0.65, P less than 0.001), and pulmonary hypertension (r = 0.52, P less than 0.01). The results suggest that ANF may serve as a potent pulmonary vasodilator involved in the circulatory homeostasis of patients with COLD.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prevalence of HBs antigen carriers and markers of B virus replication in a population of pregnant women, in France].

To assess the risk of perinatal B virus transmission in a population of French and immigrant women, 1,923 women were tested for HBs antigen and serological markers of B virus replication, i. e. HBe antigen and HBV DNA, during the last trimester of their pregnancy. The patients included in this study were French (n = 1,295 (67.3 per cent] and immigrant women (n = 628 (32.7 per cent] attending consultation in four public Parisian suburb hospitals. The immigrant population was composed of natives of the Mediterranean area or Portugal (64 per cent), West Africa (23 per cent), and South-East Asia (13 per cent). Serum HBsAg was tested by conventional radioimmunoassay. When present, HBeAg and antiHBe were tested by radioimmunoassay, and HBV DNA by the hybridization procedure. The overall HBsAg prevalence was 1.56 per cent. This high prevalence was in part explained by the large proportion of immigrants in whom it varied from 0.8 to 7.5 per cent according to their origin. Prevalence was 0.85 per cent in French women, higher than that usually admitted in France. Serological markers of viral replication (HBeAg and/or HBV-DNA) were more often present in the immigrants (4 out of 19) than in the French women (1 out of 11). Discrepancies between HBe status and HBV DNA were present in 4 out of the 30 HBs antigen positive women. Due to the possible high prevalence of HBV carriage in pregnant women, routine antenatal HBs antigen screening should be recommended in France. Such screening, associated with immunoprophylaxis of newborns at risk of contamination, can help in the prevention of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A survey on thromboprophylactic methods in brain surgery].

A 124 items survey on thromboprophylactic methods in neurosurgery has been conducted in the main neurosurgery centers of France, Italy, Belgium, Switzerland and Luxemburg. Its results put forward the diagnostic and prevention procedures as well as their indications and contra-indications. They also give information on the practice and problems of the different teams. The working out of new heparins (low molecular weight) gives real hopes that should be supported by extensive tests in neurosurgery.

Brain↗
PubMed1988

Randomized trial of albendazole versus tiabendazole plus flubendazole during an outbreak of human trichinellosis.

To determine the therapeutic usefulness of benzimidazoles in trichinellosis, 117 patients from a single outbreak were treated either with albendazole alone (N = 59) or with a regimen including tiabendazole followed by flubendazole (N = 58). The criteria of disease activity were evaluated at days 1, 7, 15, and 45. No difference was found between the two groups with regard to the evolution of myalgia, fever, fatigue, new clinical manifestations, or laboratory and serologic data. Both treatment regimens were well tolerated. In all, 30 patients of the albendazole group and 29 of the tiabendazole-flubendazole group were reevaluated 16 months later. Serology was negative in 70% of the albendazole-treated patients vs 34.5% of the tiabendazole-flubendazole-treated patients (P less than 0.01). The muscle biopsy examination of nine patients suggested less parasitic infection in the albendazole group. In conclusion, no difference was noted during the early therapeutic responses to the drugs used, but albendazole might be more effective than the other regimen in treating residual larval infestation estimated 16 months after the onset of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Comparative effects of bisoprolol and acebutolol in smokers with airway obstruction.

1. The effects of single oral doses of 10 mg bisoprolol and 400 mg acebutolol on respiratory function were studied in nine smokers with airway obstruction in a double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment. 2. The effects of the drugs were assessed by measuring specific airway conductance (sGaw) for 3 h after their administration and by studying their interaction with the bronchodilator response to inhaled salbutamol. 3. sGaw did not change for 3 h after bisoprolol or acebutolol administration. The bronchodilator response to inhaled salbutamol was not affected by bisoprolol but significantly reduced by acebutolol (P less than 0.05 vs placebo). 4. Under these conditions, bisoprolol behaves like a selective beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist but acebutolol exhibits less beta 1-adrenoceptor selectivity.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1986

Suicide attempts in hypo-oestrogenic phases of the menstrual cycle.

The phase of the menstrual cycle in women who had attempted suicide was determined by structured interview. 108 young women were investigated within 24 h of the attempt. Patients were grouped according to menstrual week and whether they used oral contraception (OC) (n = 73) or not (n = 35). In OC non-users suicide attempts were associated with low plasma oestradiol: they tended to happen during the first week of the menstrual cycle (42%) and after the fourth week (12%). Frequency of suicide attempts did not vary significantly during the menstrual cycle in OC users. In OC non-users, low oestradiol production may predispose to depression and attempted suicide.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Computer-aided selection of diagnostic tests in jaundiced patients.

A model has been developed for ordering diagnostic tests in jaundiced patients. The system proceeds in two steps: (i) diagnostic hypotheses are calculated for each patient from the results of physical examination and routine biological investigations; (ii) given these hypotheses, the most efficient test (out of 22) for reaching the final diagnosis is selected using four criteria: diagnostic value, risk, financial cost, and time in obtaining the result. This model was tested in 62 patients. In 43 of them (69%), the selected test was sufficient for reaching a diagnostic accuracy of 100%. In this group of patients, a mean of 3.7 (range 1-6) tests per patient was ordered by physicians. In the 19 remaining patients, the selected test was not sufficient for the final diagnosis, thus requiring a multiple choice process. It is suggested that such a system could help physicians to improve the care of patients by more efficient ordering of diagnostic tests.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension in chronic vitamin A poisoning].

The authors report the case of a 36-year-old man who was hospitalized for portal hypertension. The patient had been receiving 200 millions units of vitamin A for ten years duration as treatment of psoriasis. There were no extrahepatic signs of hypervitaminosis A and the serum concentration of vitamin A was low. Microscopic examination of a liver specimen showed: a) spontaneous fluorescence due to vitamin A accumulation in sinusoidal cells; b) portal, periportal and perisinusoidal fibrosis; c) hyperplasia and hypertrophy of Ito cells. Hepatic vitamin A concentration was markedly increased. Hemodynamic study showed increased wedged hepatic venous pressure. Low serum concentration of retinol binding protein, which could be due to severe denutrition, explained the low serum vitamin A. This case report emphasizes that severe hepatic injury due to chronic hypervitaminosis A may be observed in the absence of extrahepatic signs of vitamin A intoxication and increase in serum vitamin A concentration. In such cases, histologic examination of a liver specimen and determination of hepatic vitamin A concentration are the only means of diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Hepatic angioscanner in normal subjects and in patients with hepatic tumors. Hemodynamic and morphologic characteristics].

Hepatic angio-CT was performed according to a standardized schedule in 100 healthy subjects and 260 patients with a liver tumor. In normal subjects, it was possible to determine an arterial phase (15 s), a parenchymatous arterial phase (30 s), a parenchymatous portal phase (45 s) followed by a progressive return to liver densities observed before injection. a) Among the 62 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 56 were characterized by hypodensity, 3 cases by hyperdensity and 3 cases by isodensity before injection. After injection, slices obtained at the tumor level showed heterogeneous hypervascularisation in 34 cases, and an early homogeneous hypervascularisation (15th-30th s) in 7 small carcinomas (diameter less than 3 cm); a lesion was disclosed in the other hepatic lobe in 12 cases. Slices obtained at the level of the portal vein allowed to assess tumoral involvement in 61 p. 100 of cases. b) Out of 150 cases of hepatic metastases, a hypodense lesion surrounded by hypervascularisation just after injection was the most frequent aspect. c) Out of 40 cases of hemangiomas, lesions were hypodense and well limited in 37 cases; at the 15th s after injection, contrast medium accumulated at the periphery, then diffused to the center of the lesion. d) Adenomas and focal nodular hyperplasias appeared as hypodense lesions with precocious and fugacious hypervascularisation, and were characterized, although inconstantly, by the presence of fat and vessels in the hypodense central zone, respectively. These results provide a rational basis for a better diagnostic approach of liver tumors.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of liver iron content by computed tomography: its value in the follow-up of treatment in patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis.

The therapeutic management of patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis (IH) implies the evaluation of excess hepatic iron. This work was undertaken to confirm the value of computed tomography for the assessment of liver iron overload in such patients and to evaluate this technique during the course of treatment by phlebotomy. The study included 24 patients with initially untreated IH and 7 patients previously treated by phlebotomy for 10 months to 7 years. Follow-up was obtained in 15 subjects. In patients with untreated IH, liver attenuation coefficient (LAC) was always markedly increased (92.4 +/- 7.1 Hounsfield units) as compared with LAC of subjects with normal liver (60.2 +/- 3.1 Hounsfield units) and that of patients with chronic liver disease (53.8 +/- 4.8 Hounsfield units), and was found to be specific for liver iron overload. LAC decreased progressively during phlebotomy, and this diminution was correlated with the amount of mobilized iron (r = 0.79, p less than 0.001); it returned to normal values only after complete removal of iron overload. LAC was closely correlated with liver iron concentration (r = 0.83, p less than 0.001), better than usual biochemical parameters, especially serum ferritin (r = 0.70, p less than 0.01). This study confirms that the determination of LAC on computed tomography provides a reliable index of hepatic iron stores in patients with IH, without requiring a liver biopsy, and shows that this noninvasive method is of particular interest for the follow-up of patients treated by phlebotomy.

Adult↗