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Biomedical subjects

F S Pipers

Publications and source records attributed to F S Pipers.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Electrocardiographic findings in 45 cats with hyperthyroidism.

Electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities were recorded in 36 (80%) of 45 cats with untreated hyperthyroidism caused by hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas (adenomatous hyperplasia). Tachycardia (greater than or equal to 240/min) and increased R-wave amplitude in lead II (greater than or equal to 0.9 mV) were the most frequent abnormalities recorded (62% and 49%, respectively). Other abnormalities included atrial and ventricular arrhythmias (20%), prolonged QRS duration (16%), shortened Q-T interval (11%), intraventricular conduction disturbances (3%), and ventricular pre-excitation (1%). In 17 cats, repeat ECG were recorded 6 months after hemi- or total thyroidectomy; resolution of tachycardia, increased R-wave amplitudes, shortened Q-T intervals, and atrial and ventricular arrhythmias had occurred in all cats. It was concluded that many of the ECG changes associated with feline hyperthyroidism are similar to those associated with primary myocardial disease in cats; however, the ECG abnormalities and associated cardiovascular signs of hyperthyroidism generally resolve after successful treatment of the hyperthyroid state.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Echocardiographic features of pericardial effusion in dogs.

In a review of case records of pericardial effusion in dogs, detected by means of M-mode echocardiography, echocardiographic findings were similar to those described for other species. In each of 3 cases analyzed, the abnormalities were echo-free separation of the visceral and parietal pericardium, dampening of parietal pericardial motion, exaggerated or paradoxic motion of intracardiac structures, and thickened epicardial echos. Echocardiographic changes compatible with constriction of the pericardium were found in one case.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Clinical use of echocardiography in the domestic cat.

Echocardiograms were obtained from unanesthetized cats positioned in left lateral recumbency. Information regarding chamber wall thickness, lumen dimensions, valve motion, and indices of contractility was obtained. In three cases, echocardiographic manifestations typical of cardiac dilatation, cardiac hypertrophy, and pericardial effusion were recorded. Unlike thoracic radiographs, which portray pulmonary features as well as a cardiac silhouette, the echocardiogram provided an opportunity to measure each component comprising the cardiac silhouette--namely, the pericardial sac, cardiac musculature, and the cardiac chambers.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effects of furosemide on cardiovascular function and performance when given prior to simulated races: a double-blind study.

In a double-blind study under simulated racing conditions, six Standardbred horses, which had been trained for 12 weeks, were given 1 mg of furosemide/kg of body weight or saline solution IV 15 minutes before the first of two warm-up workouts (1.6 km at 60-minute intervals). Sixty minutes later, 135 minutes after drug or placebo injection, these horses were driven 1.6 km at maximum speed. Heart rate, respiratory rate, cardiac output, pulmonary trunk pressure, body temperature, PCV, arterial oxygen, and plasma lactic acid were recorded during and after the first warm-up workout and after a simulated race (1.6 km). Values increased compared with values determined at rest whether saline solution or furosemide was given. There were decreases in arterial CO2 and pH. When furosemide was given, the pulmonary trunk pressure was significantly lower (P < 0.05) during the first warm-up workout (1.6 km). There were no significant differences in the other values. The average times of the simulated races were not significantly (P < 0.05) different after the use of furosemide compared with average times after use of saline solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Echocardiography in the domestic cat.

Echocardiographic examinations were performed on 25 normal healthy cats placed in left lateral recumbency. The cats were representative of serveral breeds, consisted of 12 males and 13 females, and weighed between 2 and 6.5 kg. Twelve measurements from the echocardiograms of each cat were made for the purpose of compiling a small data base (reference values). These measurements included wall thicknesses, luminal dimensions, and contractile indices. Left ventricular wall thickness averaged 0.37 +/- 0.08 cm, and the septal wall thickness averaged 0.45 +/- 0.09 cm. The average left ventricular lumen in diastole was 1.48 +/- 0.26 cm, and in systole, it was 0.88 +/- 0.24 cm, which resulted in an average shortening fraction of 41 +/- 7.3%. Velocity of circumferential shortening, an index of contractility, averaged 2.86 +/- 0.78 cm. In eight additional cats, both ventricles were catheterized for echographic chamber identification and then cineangiographic procedures. Then these cats were euthanatized, and postmortem measurements were compared with echocardiographic and cineangiographic measurements. According to the three methods of determining wall thickness, differences were less than 15%, where the range of deviations was between 0 and 0.5 mm and the average deviation was -0.01 +/- 0.26 mm.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Echocardiographic diagnosis of endocarditis in a bull.

A 2-year-old Charolais bull was examined because of lameness that developed after infection of a tail laceration. A systolic murmur was auscultated during the routine physical examination. A diagnosis of endocarditis and polyarthritis secondary to septicemia from the tail lesion was made. The diagnosis was supported by echocardiography and blood cultures, which yielded Corynebacterium pyogenes. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Echocardiography in swine.

Twelve clinically normal pigs were anesthetized with fentanyl citrate and sodium pentobarbital and placed in left lateral recumbency. M-mode echograms were recorded from the area of the 4th intercostal space with a 3.5 mmHz transducer. Changes in the internal minor axis diameter %deltaD were measured at 44.8 +/- 3.3 cm. An index of contractility (Vcf) was 1.12 +/- 0.16 cm/s. The caudal wall thickness dimension measured 0.61 +/- 0.04 cm and the aortic root dimension was 1.9 +/- 0.11 cm. To corroborate the echocardiographic findings, echocardiographic, cineangiographic, and postmortem studies were conducted on a 2nd group of 3 pigs. Aortic root, diastolic lumenal dimensions, and wall thickness were compared and the results never differed more than 2 mm. Echograms can conveniently be acquired from restrained, mature swine, and they provide useful, reliable structural and hemodynamic information, without the hazards or expense of invasive techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Echocardiography in the horse.

Echocardiograms were obtained from 25 standing, clinically normal horses, using an ultrasonic recording device. The echobeam penetrated the right thoracic wall in the area of the 4th to 5th intercostal space, with a frequency of 2.5 mHz. Measurements of left ventricular wall thickness generated a mean value of 3.2 +/- 0.18 (SEM)cm, whereas the left ventricular chamber diameter in diastole was 9.3 +/- 0.30 cm and in systole was 5.7 +/- 0.23 cm. The aortic root dimensions had a mean of 7.7 cm, with a SEM of 0.16. Mitral valve closing slope (E-F) was calculated to be 17.7 +/- 0.87 mm/second, and percentage of delta D, a correlate of ejection fraction, was 38.6 +/- 1.6%.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A study of correlation of closure of the distal radial physis with performance and injury in the Standardbred.

The distal radial physes of 113 two-year-old Standardbreds were radiographed an average of 2.6 times each during an average of 4.72 +/- 1.7 months, beginning May 1, 1975. The radiograph of each physis was graded C, B-, B, B+, or A (closed), and the date of closure was determined by a method that proved to be reliable. The average age of closure of the distal radial physes was 29.8 +/- 1.6 months, with age of closure ranging from 26 to 35 months. There were no statistical differences between age of physeal closure of colts, geldings, or fillies; pacers or trotters; "well-bred" or other horses, or between horses by the same sires or from mares by the same sires. Most of the 2-year-old racing was done before physeal closure, the average date of closure being approximately Sept 25, 1975. The average birth date of the horses was March 30, 1973. Eighty of the horses raced an average of 10.5 times, and 46 of them won an average of 2.6 races. There was progressive increase of the number of horses in the more mature classifications (B-, B, B+, to A) as they; first raced, won their first race, went their fastest mile, won their fastest mile, and attained more spped. There was no correlation between age or month of closure of the physes and money won, races won, fastest mile, or fastest win mile during the 2-year-old year. Of the 113 horses, 62 (55%) had injuries--19 major and 57 minor injuries. A significant relationship was not found between physeal classification and the incidence of injury. The number of injuries was also found not to be related to the number of races, number of races won, money won, or to the fastest mile. There was a weak indication that horses with physes classified as C or B- (very immature) may not have raced quite as well as the more mature horses and may have had a slightly higher incidence of injury.

Age Factors↗