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Biomedical subjects

F S Southwick

Publications and source records attributed to F S Southwick.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Cardiac risk factors and complications in non-cardiac surgery.

In an attempt to assess cardiac risk in non-cardiac surgery, 1001 patients over 40 years of age who underwent major operative procedures were examined preoperatively, observed through surgery, studied with at least one postoperative electrocardiogram, and followed until hospital discharge or death. Documented postoperative myocardial infarction occurred in only 18 patients; though most of these patients had some pre-existing heart disease, there were few preoperative factors which were statistically correlated with postoperative infarction. Postoperative pulmonary edema was strongly correlated with preoperative heart failure, but 21 of the 36 patients who developed pulmonary edema did not have any prior history of heart failure. Nearly all of these 21 patients were elderly, had abnormal preoperative electrocardiograms, and had intraabdominal or intrathoracic surgery. In the absence of an acute infarction, bifascicular conduction defects, with or without PR interval prolongation, never progressed to complete heart block. Spinal anesthesia protected against postoperative heart failure but not against other cardiac complication. By multivariate regression analysis, postoperative cardiac death was significantly correlated with (a) myocardial infarction in the previous 6 months; (b) third heart sound or jugular venous distention immediately preoperatively; (c) more than five premature ventricular contractions per minute documented at any time preoperatively; (d) rhythm other than sinus, or premature atrial contractions on preoperative electrocardiogram; (e) age over 70 years; (f) significant valvular aortic stenosis; (g) emergency operation; (h) a 33% or greater fall in systolic blood pressure for more than 10 minutes intraoperatively. Notably unimportant factors included smoking, glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, peripheral atherosclerotic vascular disease, angina, and distant myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Multifactorial index of cardiac risk in noncardiac surgical procedures.

To determine which preoperative factors might affect the development of cardiac complications after major noncardiac operations, we prospectively studied 1001 patients over 40 years of age. By multivariate discriminant analysis, we identified nine independent significant correlates of life-threatening and fatal cardiac complications: preoperative third heart sound or jugular venous distention; myocardial infarction in the preceding six months; more than five premature ventricular contractions per minute documented at any time before operation; rhythm other than sinus or presence of premature atrial contractions on preoperative electrocardiogram; age over 70 years; intraperitoneal, intrathoracic or aortic operation; emergency operation; important valvular aortic stenosis; and poor general medical condition. Patients could be separated into four classes of significantly different risk. Ten of the 19 postoperative cardiac fatalities occurred in the 18 patients at highest risk. If validated by prospective application, the multifactorial index may allow preoperative estimation of cardiac risk independent of direct surgical risk.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1974

Chemotherapy of experimental streptococcal endocarditis. 3. Failure of a bacteriostatic agent (tetracycline) in prophylaxis.

Bacteriostatic agents are frequently recommended as alternatives to penicillin for prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis. To test the efficacy of this group of antimicrobials, prophylaxis of experimental streptococcal endocarditis was attempted with tetracycline. The number of streptococci colonizing the aortic valves of rabbits was not affected by inhibitory levels of tetracycline, but multiplication was checked. Streptococcis urvived in vegetations for seven days despite the continuous presence of tetracycline, and multiplied when the drug was withdrawn. It is therefore suggested that bacteriostatic agents may be valueless for prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Effects of acridine orange on the growth of Escherichia coli.

Exposure of Escherichia coli to critical acridine orange (AO) concentrations did not result in loss of viability. However, the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of cells exposed to such agents was rapidly degraded and repolymerized. On the other hand, a bacterium deficient in DNA repair (pol A(1) (-), lacking DNA polymerase) was sensitive to the action of AO. The DNA of such cells was also degraded but it was not repaired.

Acridines↗