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Biomedical subjects

F Salvador

Publications and source records attributed to F Salvador.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Subretinal neovascularization and hemorrhages in angioid streaks].

PURPOSE: To study the development of subretinal neovascularization and/or subretinal hemorrhages in patients with angioid streaks. METHODS: Fifty two eyes from twenty six patients with angioid streaks were included in our study. The diagnosis of angioid streaks was established by ophthalmoscopic and florescein angiographic features. All the patients underwent a complete ophthalmological study that included an examination of the ocular fundus and a retinography every six months. RESULTS: Subretinial neovascularization was found in 38% in this group of patients. Subretinal hemorrhages, either with or without neovascularization, were found in 59%. CONCLUSIONS: There is no known treatment capable of preventing these conditions from appearing, however the patients should be informed about the risk of subretinal hemorrhages after relatively minor ocular trauma. These results may be helpful in the evaluation, prognosis and surgical planning for patients with angioid streaks.

Angioid Streaks↗
PubMed1996

Subretinal fibrovascular proliferation in retinal arteritis with multiple aneurysmal dilatations: a case report.

A 14-year-old boy with bilateral retinal arteritis with multiple aneurysmal dilatations complicated by secondary macular subretinal fibrovascular proliferation and epimacular membrane formation is described. This complication has not been previously reported in this rare disorder. Systemic steroid and immunosuppressive therapy did not change the course of the disease. Improvement of macular edema and subretinal exudation was achieved following pars plana vitrectomy, posterior hyaloid dissection and epiretinal membrane removal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Ophthalmologic findings in a patient with cerebellar ataxia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and chorioretinal dystrophy.

PURPOSE: To determine the ophthalmologic findings in a 39-year-old woman with the Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome, which is a disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance characterized by the triad of spinocerebellar ataxia, chorioretinal dystrophy, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. METHODS: The patient underwent clinical and electrophysiologic examinations and fluorescein angiography. RESULTS: The main clinical findings were extensive areas of retinal pigment epithelial and choriocapillaris atrophy affecting the posterior pole and midperiphery of both eyes. Results of electroretinographic examination showed subnormal photopic and scotopic responses. CONCLUSIONS: The Boucher-Neuhäuser syndrome should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with chorioretinal degeneration, particularly if there are neurologic or endocrinologic manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Neuroretinitis associated with melanocytoma of the optic disk.

BACKGROUND: Melanocytomas of the optic disk are heavily pigmented benign tumors that are most often discovered during routine examination, as they are classically asymptomatic. Although a slight impairment of visual acuity attributable to the tumor may occur in large tumors, acute profound visual loss is extremely unusual. METHODS: A case involving a 24-year-old woman with melanocytoma of the optic nervehead in the right eye, who experienced acute severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect, and optic nervehead edema, is discussed. Laboratory tests and serology for Toxoplasmosis, Syphilis, Borrelia, and Leptospira were performed. RESULTS: The severe loss of vision, optic disc swelling, exudative detachment of the peripapillary retina, macular star, and spontaneous resolution in an otherwise healthy patient were all consistent with Leber's stellate idiopathic neuroretinitis. Results of serologic testing were not contributory. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of Leber's neuroretinitis associated with melanocytoma of the optic nervehead, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of neuroretinitis. The possible mechanisms responsible for this association are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Epiretinal membranes in Tersons syndrome. A clinicopathologic study.

BACKGROUND: Visual impairment resulting from retinal, subhyaloid, or vitreous hemorrhages in association with Tersons syndrome is often significant. The most common long-term sequelae that may result in permanent visual deficit is the formation of an epimacular membrane. METHODS: This report provides clinicopathologic documentation of epiretinal membrane proliferation secondary to Tersons syndrome. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed in 16 eyes of 11 patients with Tersons syndrome. After removal of vitreous hemorrhage, epimacular membranes were found in 10 eyes (62.5%). The posterior cortical vitreous and the epiretinal tissue were examined histologically. RESULTS: Immunostainings with glial and retinal pigment epithelial cell markers showed that the majority of cells derived form the glia. Perls staining, specific for iron, showed that the high melanic-like component contained in the histopathologic samples corresponded to degradation of blood products secondary to chronic hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: The high risk of epiretinal membrane formation and the toxicity of blood breakdown products over the inner retina worsen the long-term visual prognosis in Tersons syndrome. Early surgery is advocated in such cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Multifocal choroiditis with progressive subretinal fibrosis. Report of two cases.

We report multifocal choroiditis associated with progressive subretinal fibrosis in 2 healthy, young, myopic women. One of the patients showed bilateral choroiditis but unilateral subretinal fibrosis. The other had myopic anisometropia, and choroidal lesions developed only in the more myopic eye. Systemic evaluation was noncontributory. We suggest that local factors, and unknown hormonal irregularities in young women, may play a role in the development of this rare disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Retinal periphlebitis in multiple sclerosis. A prospective study].

Twenty-four patients with clinically defined multiple sclerosis were prospectively studied with the aim of establishing the frequency of retinal periphlebitis. In three cases (12.5%) retinal periphlebitis was observed. None of the patients with multiple sclerosis and retinal periphlebitis presented a severe form or progressive course of the disease; however, in one patient it caused complete unilateral amaurosis. Aggressive immunosuppressive treatment was effective in one case. Given the absence of myelin in the retina, the presence of retinal periphlebitis suggests the existence of a vascular mechanism in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Unilateral iridoschisis associated with syphilitic interstitial keratitis and glaucoma.

Iridoschisis is a rare condition that consists of the separation of the anterior mesodermic layer of the iris. It is associated with glaucoma in 50% of cases. The association of this disorder with luetic interstitial keratitis has been reported rarely. We report the case of a 58-year-old patient who had unilateral iridoschisis associated with glaucoma and syphilitic interstitial keratitis. We suggest that congenital syphilis might be considered as a cause of iridoschisis.

Eye Infections, Bacterial↗
PubMed1991

The influence of free fatty acid content and degree of saturation on the apparent metabolizable energy value of fats fed to broilers.

To determine the influence of free fatty acid (FFA) content on the subsequent nutritive value of fats, the following were studied: tallow (FFA content of 138.4 g/kg) and tallow acid oil (FFA = 952.1 g/kg) in Experiment 1; palm oil (FFA = 57.5 g/kg) and palm acid oil (FFA = 917.5 g/kg) in Experiment 2; and soybean oil (FFA = 14.4 g/kg) and soybean acid oil (FFA = 683.4 g/kg) in Experiment 3. The two fats within each experiment were blended in proportions to give three mixtures of intermediary FFA content. Thus, each experiment investigated five fats by substituting them into a basal diet at the expense of the energy-yielding ingredients at rates of 40, 80, and 120 g/kg. Experimental diets were evaluated for apparent fat availability (AFA) of broiler chicks 1.5 and 7.5 wk of age. Corresponding values for fats were obtained through extrapolation of the linear response, or interpolation of the quadratic response, of AFA of diets. The AME was calculated as the product of fat AFA and gross energy. The degree of saturation had a pronounced effect upon the AME of fats; values decreased in the following order: soybean oil, tallow, and palm oil. Overall AME of fats linearly decreased with increasing FFA content, and the decrease was more pronounced with the younger birds. This rate of reduction appeared to be influenced by degree of saturation of the fat, but only with younger birds. Thus, AME of fats declined from 30.9 to 20.4, 27.7 to 14.8, and 38.5 to 33.1 MJ/kg (1 MJ = .239 Mcal) for young birds in Experiments 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Corresponding data for older birds were from 32.9 to 28.3, 32.3 to 27.5, and 38.5 to 35.1 MJ/kg. Effects of rate of inclusion of fats were minor and, generally, were confined to fats of a higher degree of saturation with greater contents of FFA evaluated with younger birds.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Prediction of the apparent metabolizable energy content of fats fed to broiler chickens.

Soybean oil and tallow acid oil were blended in the ratio 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 to give 3 blends (A, B, and C) of increasing free fatty acid (FFA) content but decreasing ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (U:S). Tallow and soybean acid oil were blended in similar proportions to give three blends (D, E, and F) of increasing FFA content and increasing U:S ratio. The six fats were incorporated into a basal diet at rates of 40, 80, and 120 g/kg. Experimental diets were evaluated for apparent available fat (AAF) with broilers aged 1.5 and 7.5 wk of age. The AAF of fats was calculated from extrapolation of the regression of AAF of diets to rate of inclusion of fats. The AME of fats was determined as the product of AAF and gross energy. Increasing FFA content but reducing U:S ratio lowered the AME giving 31.1, 28.7, and 21.7 MJ/kg (1 MJ = .239 Mcal) and 33.2, 31.5, and 28.4 MJ/kg, respectively, for A, B, and C for young and old birds. Corresponding data for D, E, and F (increasing FFA content and U:S ratio) were 27.7, 28.0, and 29.4 MJ/kg and 31.8, 32.9, and 33.3 MJ/kg, respectively, for young and old birds. Data generated, together with results from previous reports, were subject to regression analysis. The AME of fats could be predicted from knowledge of U:S ratio and FFA content with equations accounting for .816 and .925 of the variation in AME values for young and old birds, respectively.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Effects of schematic organization on scientific contents learned by eight-year-old children.

This study is an extension of schematic theory on the acquisition of scientific contents by children. The variable, "importance of actions," considered functionally intensive in schematic organization, was categorized and scaled. Two retention intervals were also introduced to extend this research to the study of cognitive change over. A simple physics demonstration (changes of phase of water: solid to liquid and liquid to gas) was carried out in front of 65 children ages 7.4 to 8.4 yr. Then, they were asked to write and explain what they had seen. The sentences were classified and scaled, and a script was built from them. Statistically significant comparisons between actions lead us to accept that categorization and schematic organization techniques could explain some aspects of the process by which children acquire scientific knowledge.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Influence of age, chemical composition and rate of inclusion on the apparent metabolisable energy of fats fed to broiler chicks.

1. Vegetable oil (VO) and tallow (T) were evaluated at rates of 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125g/kg in a basal diet with broiler chicks aged 1.5, 3.5, 5.5 and 7.5 weeks of age using a total collection period of 72 h. 2. Apparent metabolisable energy, corrected to zero nitrogen retention (AMEN, MJ/kg) and apparent fat availability (AFA, g/kg) of the experimental diets were employed to estimate the dietary energy values of fats, by linear and quadratic regression. 3. AME of fats, determined from AFA, had smaller standard errors than those determined from AMEN. 4. There was a marked increase in the AME of fats from 1.5 to 3.5 weeks of age; thereafter, the improvement was less pronounced. 5. Rate of improvement in fat AME with age was greater with T than VO.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vitreous amyloidosis without systemic or familial involvement.

Vitreous amyloidosis is a rare condition that occurs in some forms of Transthyretin hereditary Amyloidosis, mainly in Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy type I. Vitreous opacities may be the earliest occurring or, in some cases, only symptom of this disorder. In such cases a family history of amyloidosis is usually present. We report on a case of vitreous amyloidosis in an 80-year-old man where there is no evidence of systemic involvement and no family history of amyloidosis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aplasia of the optic nerve: report of three cases.

Aplasia of the optic nerve is a very rare congenital anomaly characterized by an absence of optic nerve fibers, retinal ganglion cells, and the retinal central blood vessels. It may be associated with a wide range of other congenital abnormalities. In the present article, three cases of aplasia of the optic nerve are described. Its pathology and clinical features are reviewed.

Eye Abnormalities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytomegalovirus retinitis in pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: report of two cases.

Two cases of cytomegalovirus retinitis in pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are described. The first case was a 7-month-old infant who received an HIV-infected blood transfusion in 1983. The infant was treated with specific anti-cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin. The second case was an 8-year-old hemophiliac child who received HIV-infected factor VIII concentrates. Intravenous ganciclovir therapy resulted in marked improvement of ocular lesions. This is, to our best knowledge, the first report of pediatric AIDS-induced retinopathy resulting from postnatal intravenous causes.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗