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Biomedical subjects

F Sata

Publications and source records attributed to F Sata.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Medical care of AIDS patients by hospitals in Tokyo].

An anonymous questionnaire survey was performed in 1991 in all 749 hospitals in Tokyo, by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government's Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Research Team, to collect information relating to hospital services for persons with AIDS or HIV infection. The response rate was 61%. The following results were obtained: 1) Sixty-five hospitals (14%) had seen persons with AIDS or HIV infection. Hospitals with a greater number of beds had more experience in seeing persons with AIDS or HIV infection. Thirty-four hospitals (7%) provided outpatient services for patients with AIDS or HIV infection, and 30 hospitals (7%) had the facilities for inpatients. Three hundred forty-seven hospitals (78%) were capable of HIV antibody tests. Ninety-one hospitals (20%) had organized training courses for hospital workers to prevent HIV infection. Two hundred eight hospitals (46%) expressed preference that persons with AIDS or HIV infection be treated at public (non-private) hospitals. 2) The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that a hospital's acceptance of persons with AIDS or HIV infection for diagnosis or treatment was significantly related to past experience in seeing persons with AIDS or HIV infection, availability of an examination room that protects privacy of patients, presence of a department of internal medicine, and awareness of the availability of special AIDS counselor dispatch services by the Tokyo metropolitan government.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Autonomic neurotoxicity of alcohol assessed by heart rate variability.

Measurement of heart rate variability (CVR-R) provides a promising approach for evaluation of the autonomic nervous function. Specifically, high- and low-frequency component coefficients of variation of the CVR-R (C-CVHF and C-CVLF), computed from component spectral powers by autoregressive spectral and component analyses, are inferred to reflect parasympathetic and sympathetic activities, respectively. To assess the acute and chronic effects of alcohol on parasympathetic and sympathetic activities, ECGs in the supine posture were obtained in 11 male healthy volunteers, and in 23 male patients with severe alcoholic dependency together with the same number of age-matched healthy men. Significant changes in the CVR-R and heart rate were found 1 h after ethanol intake in the volunteers; also, the 1-h alteration in heart rate after intake was inversely correlated with that in the C-CVHF. The CVR-R, C-CVHF and C-CVLF were significantly depressed in the alcoholics compared to the matched controls. In the alcoholics, the age-adjusted correlation coefficients between not only the CVR-R but also C-CVHF and heart rate were negatively significant. These data suggest that acute and habitual intake of alcohol affects cardiac autonomic functions including sympathetic and parasympathetic activities; and, increase of heart rate in relation to alcohol, at least in alcoholics, seems to occur through reducing the parasympathetic activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of toxic gas produced by heating tar epoxy resin paint to assess work atmosphere.

Two male workers were acutely intoxicated with gas produced by heating tar epoxy resin paint, and developed peripheral neuropathy. To assess the work atmosphere, we analyzed the degradation products by GC-MS. The major toxic products emitted by heating tar epoxy resin were hydrogen cyanide, phenol, and benzene, as well as naphthalene. From 1 m2 of the surface of steel plates painted with tar epoxy resin, 2.4 g of hydrogen cyanide, 9.6 g of benzene, and 1.2 g of nephthalene were produced by heating at 1000 degrees C, At 700 degrees C, the amounts of phenol and p-isopropylphenol produced were 3.7 g and 0.57 g, respectively. Based on these results and the area of steel surface burned, the concentration of hydrogen cyanide, benzene, and phenol in the atmosphere of work environment was estimated to be 16, 64 and 24 mg/m3, respectively. Some of the symptoms of the workers including peripheral neuropathy might be related to the sole or cooperative action of the foregoing toxic chemicals mentioned above.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Are faster or slower large myelinated nerve fibers more sensitive to chronic lead exposure? A study of the distribution of conduction velocities.

To determine which of the faster and slower large myelinated nerve fibers (alpha fiber group) are more sensitive to chronic lead exposure, the distribution of nerve conduction velocities (DCV) as well as conventional sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) were measured once a month for 20 and 11 months in two male lead workers with blood lead concentrations of 70 to 121 and of 63 to 85 micrograms/dl, respectively. Differences in the frequency beyond the "normal" ranges between conduction velocities of faster nerve fibers (V80, V90, or SCV) and those of slower fibers (V10 or V20) were analyzed by the McNemar test. In the two lead workers, the values below the lower normal limits for the V80 and V90 velocities were more frequent than those for the V10 and V20 velocities; similarly, lower values for the SCV were more frequent than those for the V10 and V20 velocities (P < 0.05). It was suggested that faster nerve fibers are more sensitive to chronic lead exposure than slower nerve fibers. These findings agree with our published data on the effects of local vibration, thallium, n-hexane, styrene, mixed organic solvents, alcohol dependency, and diabetes mellitus.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Ionic basis of methacholine-induced shrinkage of dissociated eccrine clear cells.

The goal of the present study was to elucidate the ionic mechanisms by which cholinergic stimulation induces cell shrinkage in eccrine clear cells. Dissociated Rhesus monkey eccrine sweat clear cells were prepared by collagenase digestion of freshly isolated secretory coils and immobilized on a glass slide in a perfusion chamber at 30 degrees C. The cell was visualized by light microscopy with differential interference contract (DIC) and was recorded with a video system (15,000 x total magnification). The cell volume was calculated from the maximal cross section of the cell. Methacholine (MCh)-induced cell shrinkage, which was as much as 30% of resting cell volume, was dose dependent and pharmacologically specific. MCh-induced cell shrinkage was persistent in some cells but tended to partially wane with time in others. MCh-induced cell shrinkage was dependent on the chemical potential gradient for KCl, i.e., increasing [K] in the bath ([K]o) from 5 to 120 mM caused MCh to induce cell swelling, whereas removing [Cl]0 at 120 mM K partially restored the MCh-induced cell shrinkage. The interpolated null [K]o (medium [K] where the cell volume did not change by MCh) of 71 mM agreed with the predicted [K]o,null. MCh-induced cell shrinkage was inhibited completely by 1 mM quinidine (K-channel blocker) and partially by 1 mM diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (DPC, a Cl-channel blocker), but not by 0.1 mM ouabain or 0.1 mM bumetanide, suggesting that MCh-induced cell shrinkage may be due to activation of both K and Cl channels with the resultant net KCl efflux down the chemical potential gradient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Adjustment for urinary flow rate: an improved approach to biological monitoring.

The use of urinary monitoring in medical surveillance programs in industry requires the development of an accurate and unbiased index of urinary concentrations of occupational toxins. To examine the effects of urinary flow rate on adjusted and non-adjusted urinary excretion of 11 heavy metals and organic substances, 19 metal-foundry workers were studied during four time periods of the day under conditions of water restriction and loading. The results indicate that urinary flow rate significantly affects not only the non-adjusted urinary concentration for all substances, but also affects timed excretion as well as concentrations adjusted to urinary specific gravity and to urinary creatinine during any time period of the day. On the other hand, the concentration adjusted to urinary flow rate (UF-adjusted concentration) is independent by definition of urinary flow; therefore, this adjustment is applicable for highly diluted and highly concentrated urine samples without repetition of urine collection. It is concluded that UF-adjusted concentration is a useful index for the measurement of most urinary substances, while adjustments to urinary specific gravity and to urinary creatinine concentration have only limited utility in evaluating toxin levels in spot urine samples.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adjustment of creatinine-adjusted value to urine flow rate in lead workers.

Two male lead workers, aged 57 and 51 y, were studied to compare the urinary flow/creatinine-adjusted values published earlier by Araki et al. and by Greenberg and Levine. We collected 24-h urine samples once a month for 31 mo and 16 mo for workers 1 and 2, respectively. The workers' urinary excretions of lead, delta-aminolevulinic acid, and coproporphyrin were measured. No significant correlations between urine flow rate and urinary flow/creatinine-adjusted values published by Araki et al. for the three substances were found for these two workers. However, urinary flow/creatinine-adjusted values presented by Greenberg and Levine for lead and delta-aminolevulinic acid were correlated positively with urine flow rate in the two workers, and their adjusted value for coproporphyrin was correlated positively with urine flow rate in one of the workers. We concluded that use of the urinary flow/creatinine-adjusted value by Greenberg and Levine for biological monitoring poses a problem because of the theoretical fallacy.

Aminolevulinic Acid↗