Psychological stress and lipoperoxidation in miscarriage.
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Abortion, Induced↗
Biomedical subjects
F Scarpellini
Publications and source records attributed to F Scarpellini.
[Diagnostic possibility in neonatal bacterial infections].
Bacterial infections in neonates may be acquired in utero, as is the case in congenital syphilis, or after delivery, such as late onset B streptococcal meningitis. Although some infections remain localized and may even be self-limiting, the majority of neonatal bacterial infections require speedy diagnosis and immediate and appropriate treatment. Severe invasive bacterial infections are rare but catastrophic; they are more common in intensive care wards. Neonatal, maternal, and environmental factors favoring bacterial infections are discussed together with their main clinical features. Useful diagnostic parameters are examination of the placenta, leukocyte counting, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. If a bacterial infection is suspected in a baby that is sick or in poor general condition (low birth weight, therapies, environmental conditions) a "septic therapeutic approach" must be adopted which includes examination and culture of blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine, as well as of any other suitable material according to clinical and laboratory findings. Pathogens most frequently involved in neonatal infections (streptococci, staphylococci, Listeria, gram-negative enteral bacteria) can be presumptively identified by comparatively simple laboratory tests. The valid interpretation of the results of these tests is dependent upon the degree to which the laboratory personnel is familiar with techniques of identification and assessment of sensitivity, as well as on the close cooperation between clinical department and laboratory from the start and all along the course of the disease.
Bacterial Infections↗
Transvaginal ultrasound versus histology in endometrial hyperplasia.
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Adult↗
[The pharmacological options for an immediate intervention in threatened premature labor].
The following preparations, with different mechanism of action, have been comparatively tested for induction of immediate tocolysis in case of threatened preterm labour: Hyoscine butylbromide, ritodrine, ketoprofen and the association of ritodrine with ketoprofen. Hyoscine butylbromide was found to be very easy to handle, but its myolytic effect is modest. Ritodrine and ketoprofen have shown a high and quantitatively similar tocolytic power. But even better results have been achieved with the association of ritodrine with ketoprofen which has shown a total myolytic effect. The authors suggest some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of action of these drugs, and some precautions for their correct clinical use.
Adolescent↗
[Clinical evaluation of DHEA-S plasma levels and possible therapeutic value of the hormone in the third trimester].
Three groups of women were studied. The first included women without obstetric or systemic pathology; in these, plasma concentrations of progesterone, E, and DHEA-S were assayed at 30-40 weeks of pregnancy. The second group comprised women after physiological first delivery at term, and in these the plasma levels of the same hormones were assessed. In the third group, comprising women at 38 weeks of pregnancy with unripened cervix and DHEA-S plasma levels that were by 1-2 weeks below those of women with ripened cervix of the same gestational age, the effect of repeated perfusion with DHEA-S was examined.
Adult↗
Progesterone immunosuppressive levels and luteal steroid profiles in the cycles induced with clomiphene citrate.
Several studies have focused their attention on the possible interferences of the endocrine with the immunity system; these interrelations have been summoned to explain some aspects of the implantation. It has already been demonstrated that progesterone could play an immunosuppressive role, allowing the implantation of allotransplantation. However, the individual plasmatic levels of the substance needed to produce that effect still unknown. With the aim of determining the certain immunosuppressive progesterone levels in women with normal ovulatory function, and in order to determine if the other principal steroids might also have immunosuppressive effects, in 47 women affected by sine causa infertility, treated with 100 mg. die of Clomiphene Citrate (from day 3 to day 7) we evaluated the plasma levels of progesterone, 17-OH-Progesterone and 17 beta-Estradiol. The assays were made on the 7th, 11th and 14th post-ovulation days both in women who conceived (immunosuppressive effect present) and in women who did not achieve pregnancy (immunosuppressive effect absent). The results achieved showed a significant difference only in the progesterone values, while those of the other steroids were not significantly different, indicating thus that progesterone is the main element responsible for the immunosuppressive phenomenon and that the seriated evaluation in the luteal phase of this steroid could be used as a marker of achieved implantation.
17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
[An increase in the median plasma values of progesterone in luteal deficiencies treated with clomifene citrate in the early follicular phase].
A clinical study performed during 265 cycles in 63 normo-ovulating and normo-menstruating patients, of whom 27 with a luteal phase defect (LPD), assessed by morphological, hormonal, echographic and clinic criteria. These were given Clomiphene Citrate, 100 mg per day from the second to sixth day of the cycle, for a total of 108 cycles. The other 36 patients, without any luteal abnormality, were utilized as a control group during 156 cycles. At the end of the study there were no significant differences in hormonal, echographic and morphological parameters between the two groups.
Clomiphene↗
Correction of the luteal phase defect with clomiphene citrate.
Among the various strategies proposed for the therapy of the luteal phase defects (L.P.D.), the administration of clomiphene citrate during the early follicular phase has proved to be very effective even though it is not one of the most used. Nevertheless, very soon has been risen the question if such drug acts by an overphysiological increase of the hormonal levels or instead by a re-balance of the altered latter ones. In order to answer this question a clinical study was carried out during 265 cycles on 63 normally ovulating and menstruating women, whose 27 with a luteal phase defect (L.P.D.), detected by clinical, echographic, endocrine, and morphological criteria. Each of these latter patients were given clomiphene citrate, 100 mg per day from the 2nd to the 6th day of the cycle, for a total of 108 cycles. The other 36 women without any luteal abnormality, were used during 156 cycles, as a control group. At the end of our study there were no significant differences in all parameters between two studied groups. This suggest that early follicular phase administration of clomiphene citrate in these pathologies can act by gradually improving the luteal function.
Clomiphene↗
CA-125 and ovarian hyperstimulation.
The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) has become more and more frequent in relation to the spread of the method of superovulation by means of pharmacologic induction and consequently the necessity of measures suitable for preventing and controlling it has been more and more improved. Among them the discovery of indicators which could reveal as early and sensitive as possible the onset and, when it is possible, also the degree of severity of this syndrome, holds an important position. Till now only the serum estradiol concentration performed this task, among the other things, in an incomplete and not-well defined manner, but its inadequacy has stimulated once again the search for new substances which would allow attention to be drawn to the development, entity and evolution of this syndrome in compliance with necessary requisites with greater timeliness, and tenacity. Therefore the behaviour of the serum CA-125 levels has been evaluated for the first time in 31 cycles of 31 patients, which were stimulated by gonadotropins (FSH, FSH/LH, HCG), of which 21 underwent ovarian hyperstimulation of various degree (10 of I, 8 of II and 3 of III grade), while the other 10 had no complications. The blood levels of this marker rose above the limit considered physiological (35 UI/ml) during the luteal phase in all the stimulated cycles and, in hyperstimulated ones always exceeded 70 UI/ml; in addition the serum CA-125 levels correlated very well with ovarian dimensions, degree of severity of the syndrome and estrogenic concentrations during only luteal phase, in the hyperstimulated cycles and continued to remain high or even increased in case of pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Efficacy of biochemical vs biological monitoring during the "timing" of the chorionic gonadotropin administration in FSH and HMG stimulated cycles.
The problem of an exact timing of the HCG administration in stimulated cycles (for infertility problems) is of primary importance for optimizing the results. In this study the authors show the results obtained in two groups of patients to whom HCG was administered according to two different methods of monitoring: the first biochemical, the second biological. The examination of the results has proven that the insertion of the biological method (cervical mucus) among those used in the monitoring has allowed a significant increase of the biological response to treatment.
Adult↗
Lag in endometrial morphology in artificially reproduced cycles (ARC).
To observe if endometrial artificially reproduced cycles were identical to the natural spontaneous ones, we have matched for the endometria of 22 assessed spontaneous ovulating women and 16 postmenopausal ones sequentially treated with exogenous ovarian steroid hormones. The endometrial samples were drawn in the middle luteal phase (20th-22nd of an ideal cycle, 6-8 days from ultrasound assessed ovulation or progesterone exposure), because this is the "implantation window" period. These results can be particularly interesting in the FIV-OD technique that implyes the implantation of the zygote in a fully matured endometrium. Adversely to previous reports there was always an endometrial hystologic lag (2 min.-4 max. days) in all the artificially reproduced cycles observed, while no other endometrial anomalies were found in these last ones. Probably the contrasting results of the previous studies agree with the later timing of endometrial biopsy, because in the late luteal artificially reproduced or spontaneous endometrium there is no hystological difference.
Adult↗
LUF-syndrome biological diagnosis by basal body temperature (BBT) graph.
73 consecutive patients were monitored and submitted to ambulatorial screening for primary infertility. In all of them was also performed a study of the BBT behaviour and the results reported on a graph. All these with LUF syndrome had substantial deviation of the BBT graphs. This observation can make us obtain a new parameter and a first diagnostic approach in the study of the ovulatory infertility.
Basal Metabolism↗
CA-125 and uterine leiomyomas.
CA-125, in the past considered as marker of ovarian neoplasms, has been proven to be useful successively in several obstetric-gynecologic physiopathologic conditions (Endometriosis, beginning pregnancy, PID), united by the common characteristic of peritoneal involvement. Such evidence has suggested us to search possible correlations with uterine leiomyomatosis disease, which for its frequency has the character of a social disease. Our findings would justify the clinical use of this marker in the first screening of fibromiomas, but above all, its diagnostic utility in evolutive aspects of such pathology.
Adult↗
Breast cancer necrosis following fine needle aspiration biopsy.
Two cases of mammary carcinoma with nearly complete coagulative necrosis following fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are described. Although this occurrence rarely complicates a fine needle aspiration procedure, it seems to be a real possibility. Final diagnosis can be problematic and rests on the reassessment of the previous aspirate material, on the ghost architecture outlines of the infarct tumorous lesion and on any viable tissue left at the periphery of the lesion.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Use of new biologic markers in the ovulation induction.
Biological markers of ovulation, after a great in the past, have been fallen into disuse for the large diffusion of biochemical and biophysical ones. However, the real effect of hormones involved in ovulation is expressed by biological modifications on target tissues. To explore the modifications of not reproductive target tissues as ovulation markers we studied the behaviour of Albuminemia, Platelet Factor IV (as indicator of Platelet Aggregation), Type II estrogenic receptors in 42 ovulation induced women, undergoing our observation. 33 of them had ovulation and 9 developed a LUF syndrome, constituting two biological models of an opposite situation for the three markers observed. All the markers considered were sufficiently sensitive, but among them, Platelet Factor IV was the most reliable to the hormonal ovulatory situation.
Biomarkers↗