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F Shoji

Publications and source records attributed to F Shoji.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Airway-directed gene transfer of interleukin-10 using recombinant Sendai virus effectively prevents post-transplant fibrous airway obliteration in mice.

Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) after lung transplantation prevents a satisfactory prognosis, and recent studies suggested that interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene transfer to distant organs could inhibit BO in rodent models. Although delivery of the therapeutic gene to a local airway would be favored to minimize systemic effects, current limitations include lower gene transfer efficiency to airway epithelium. As recombinant Sendai virus (SeV) can produce dramatically efficient gene transfer to airway epithelium, we determined if SeV-mediated IL-10 gene transfer to the local airway would inhibit bronchial fibrous obliteration in murine tracheal allografts. Administration of cyclosporine A (CsA) significantly promoted not only recovery of the injured airway epithelium but also SeV-mediated IL-10 expression (CsA- versus CsA+ =228+/-78 versus 3627+/-1372 pg/graft with 5 x 10(7) pfu), thereby suggesting the requirement of epithelia for efficient gene transfer. Even at the highest expression, no significant leakage of IL-10 was evident in the systemic circulation, and the induction of interferon-gamma was completely diminished on day 7 by IL-10 gene transfer. As a result, luminal loss was significantly prevented in allografts treated with SeV-IL-10 (luminal opening, all control groups: 0% respectively, and SeV-IL-10 5 x 10(7) pfu: 25.7+/-10.5%), an effect that was enhanced by short-term CsA treatment (SeV-IL-10 5 x 10(7) pfu with CsA: 63.7+/-12.7%). We propose that SeV is a useful vector that can target airway epithelium to prevent BO avoiding putative systemic effect.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor has a dose dependent influence on noise-induced hearing loss in the guinea pig cochlea.

We examined the effectiveness of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to attenuate cochlear damage from intense noise stress. Subjects were exposed to 115 dB SPL one octave band noise centered at 4 kHz for 5 h. They received artificial perilymph with or without GDNF into the left scala tympani at 0.5 microliter/h from 4 days before noise exposure through 8 days following noise exposure. Different concentrations of GDNF (1 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml, and 1 microgram/ml) were applied chronically directly into the guinea pig cochlea via a microcannula and osmotic pump. Noise-induced hearing loss was assessed with pure tone auditory brainstem responses (at 2, 4, 8 and 20 kHz), measured prior to surgery, 1 day before noise exposure, and 7 days following noise exposure. Subjects were killed on day 8 following exposure for histological preparation and quantitative assessment of hair cell (HC) damage. A dose-dependent protective effect of GDNF on both sensory cell preservation and hearing function was found in the treated ears. At 1 ng/ml, GDNF showed no significant protection; at 10 ng/ml, GDNF showed significant HC protection; and at 100ng/ml, it was greater and bilateral. At 1 microgram/ml, GDNF appeared to have a toxic effect under noise stress in some cochleae. These findings indicate that GDNF at certain concentrations can effectively protect the inner ear from noise-induced hearing loss.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Differential protective effects of neurotrophins in the attenuation of noise-induced hair cell loss.

The protective efficacy of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) at 1 or 10 microg/ml was assessed in guinea pigs exposed to 4 kHz octave band noise at 115 dB SPL for 5 h. BDNF, NT-3 or artificial perilymph was delivered to the scala tympani via a mini-osmotic pump, beginning 4 days prior to noise exposure and continuing for 1 week post-exposure. Protection was assessed physiologically by the change in auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold, and histologically by outer hair cell (OHC) survival. There was a statistically significant increase in OHC survival and a decrease in ABR threshold shift in animals receiving NT-3 at a concentration of 10 microg/ml. In animals receiving 1 microg/ml NT-3, there was a significant increase in OHC survival in the first row of OHC, but no significant change in ABR threshold, relative to control animals. In animals treated with BDNF, no significant functional or histological protection was observed. The protection afforded by NT-3 (10 microg/ml) treatment was similar in magnitude to that reported previously with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and suggests that several factors may be involved in the protective response.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Infected hepatic cyst in a patient with multiple hepatic cysts: report of a case diagnosed by change of ultrasonographic findings.

Liver cysts are commonly observed, but infection of a liver cyst is a rare complication. Although patients have clinical symptoms, such as a high-grade fever and abdominal pain, diagnosing an infected cyst by abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) with contrast medium and magnetic resonance imagings (MRI) is not always easy. We experienced an unusual case who had only clinical symptoms, such as high-grade fever and a right quadrant abdominal pain, but no imaging findings when admitted. Careful observation using ultrasonography once a week revealed signs of an infected cyst containing echogenic fluid 32 days after admission. We performed percutaneous transhepatic cystic drainage. When a patient has liver cysts and complains of high-grade fever and abdominal pain, liver cysts should be considered as a focus of sepsis, and we recommend repeat use of ultrasonography or CT, even if no typical findings occur the first time.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Pulmonary metastasis with an endobronchial growth pattern: report of a case.

We herein report a case of a pulmonary metastatic tumor with an endobronchial growth pattern. A 75-year-old female was operated on for pulmonary metastasis which originated from a malignant melanoma of the upper gum. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest demonstrated a solitary mass in right S6 region and a preoperative bronchoscopic examination revealed an endobronchial tumor in rtB6b. A retrospective analysis of the chest CT showed a thickened bronchial wall extending to the entrance of rtB6b. Therefore, not a wedge resection but a segmentectomy (rtS6) was performed. When the surgical margin is determined, we should therefore keep in mind the possibility of an endobronchial growth pattern if only a solitary mass is recognized on the CT, even though pulmonary metastatic tumors showing an endobronchial growth pattern is uncommon.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Thymoma arising in a thymic cyst.

We present a case of thymoma arising in the wall of the thymic cyst. A 77-year-old asymptomatic woman demonstrated an approximately 3.5 cm sized cystic mass in the left anterior mediastinum in the CT scan. The tumor was extirpated by a total thymectomy. Histologically, the cyst wall was lined by low cuboidal cells, but a markedly thickened wall was observed at the upper site of the mass, which was found to be thymoma. These findings may suggest that the thymoma originated from the wall of the thymic cyst.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Attenuation of cochlear damage from noise trauma by an iron chelator, a free radical scavenger and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in vivo.

Tissue injury by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a role in noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Since iron is involved in ROS generation, we studied if an iron chelator, deferoxamine mesylate (DFO), alone or in combination with mannitol, a hydroxyl scavenger and weak iron chelator, attenuates NIHL. Further, we investigated if glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) provides additive or synergistic protection of the cochlea from acoustic trauma when given together with DFO and mannitol. Pigmented female guinea pigs were exposed to noise (4 kHz octave band, 115 dB SPL, 5 h). One hour before, immediately after, and 5 h after noise exposure, subjects received an injection of 5 ml saline/kg (control, group I), 100 mg DFO/kg (group II), 15 mg mannitol/kg (group III), or both DFO and mannitol (group IV and V). Animals in group V underwent implantation of an osmotic pump filled with GDNF (100 ng/ml) in the left ear 4 days before noise. Each treatment afforded some protection from noise damage. Group I showed significantly greater outer hair cell loss and threshold shifts at two or more frequencies compared to groups II through V. GDNF provided an additive functional, but not morphological, protection with DFO and mannitol. These findings indicate that iron chelators can attenuate NIHL, as do ROS scavengers, supporting the notion that ROS generation plays a role in NIHL. Additional functional protection provided with GDNF suggests that GDNF may attenuate noise-induced cochlear damage through a mechanism that is additive with antioxidants.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Influence of intense sound exposure on glutathione synthesis in the cochlea.

Previous studies have shown that depletion of endogenous glutathione (GSH) potentiates noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), whereas replenishment of GSH attenuates NIHL (Yamasoba et al., Brain Res. 784 (1998) 82-90). Since these findings indicate an important role of GSH in protection from NIHL, we assessed the influence of intense sound exposure (broadband noise, 105 dB SPL, 5 h) on GSH and cysteine levels in the guinea pig cochlea using high performance liquid chromatography. GSH levels were significantly increased in the lateral wall 2 and 4 h post-exposure and returned to normal 6 h post-exposure. GSH levels in the sensory epithelium and modiolus did not show significant changes following noise. Cysteine levels were unchanged in any of the cochlear segments. For the cochlea as a whole, intense sound exposure did not significantly change GSH or cysteine levels throughout the 6-h measurement period post-exposure. These results indicate that GSH synthesis is markedly upregulated selectively in the lateral wall by noise exposure, presumably in response to the robust consumption of GSH, as it is utilized in scavenging reactive oxygen species.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Enterococcus faecium obtained from surveillance cultures of the stool of the patients with hematological malignancies].

Surveillance cultures of the stool were obtained from 55 patients with hematological malignancies, who have been receiving norfloxacin or tosufloxacin during their neutropenic periods, from May, 1991 to September, 1992. Cultures were performed using 5% blood agar with piperacillin 300 micrograms/ml and amikacin 20 micrograms/ml and bacteria resistant to these antibiotics were analyzed further. Thirty-four over 55 patients were positive for enterococci and 22 strains of 23 examined were Enterococcus faecium. They are resistant to quinolones, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins and penicillins but not to vancomycin. Eighteen of them were also resistant to high-dose gentamicin. Appropriate measures should be used to prevent intrahospital spread of these resistant isolates.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1992

Blood pressure changes following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for urolithiasis.

Hypertension after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been a controversial subject. Changes in blood pressure were studied in 262 patients (mean age 47.8 years) 18.6 months after ESWL. According to World Health Organization criteria the number of patients who showed a decrease exceeded those who showed an increase in blood pressure. The patients who have been on antihypertensive therapy showed a significantly greater decrease in blood pressure than those without medication. Of 192 normotensive patients diastolic pressure increased 1.2 mm. Hg and 2 (1.0%) had hypertension 18.4 months after ESWL. Annualized increase in diastolic pressure and new onset of hypertension were calculated to be 0.78 mm. Hg and 0.65%, respectively. Significant elevation of diastolic pressure was noted in the patients who received a larger number of shock waves. Blood pressure should be carefully followed after ESWL especially in patients who have been treated by a greater number of shock waves.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment in 50 cases of transitional cell carcinoma in renal pelvis and ureter].

A total of 50 cases of primary tumors in the renal pelvis and ureter were treated in Tokyo University Branch Hospital (20 cases in 1966-1982) and in Tranomon Hospital (30 cases in 1977-1987). They were composed of 42 men and 8 women (5.3:1) with a mean age of 61 years. 31 patients suffered from renal pelvic tumors, 15 ureteral tumors and 4 tumors in both sites. The tumors were located in the left side in 33 cases, right in 16, and both sides in 1.86% of patients showed gross hematuria. The findings on IVP were filling defect (42%) and nonvisualization (33%). Positive urine cytology was obtained in 12 of 25 cases (48%). Surgery was performed in 47 cases. The remaining 3 cases were with advanced diseases. The surgeries were total nephroureterectomy plus ipsilateral retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in 26 cases, total nephroureterectomy without node dissection in 7, total nephroureterectomy and total cystectomy in 3, nephrectomy in 9, partial nephrectomy in 1 and segmental excision of ureter with ureteroureterostomy in one. Histologically, all tumors were transitional cell carcinoma. Over-all survival rates (Kaplan-Meier's method) of the operated patients at 1, 3, 5 years were 84.2%, 73.1% and 69.4%, respectively. The stage and grade of the tumors affected the prognosis. N factor at lymph node dissection was the most determining factor of prognosis. 3 advanced cases who did not receive surgery for primary site were treated with 5FU in 2, and with CAP in 1.2 of them died of the disease within 1 year after diagnosis, one patient was lost in follow up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Collaborative study of UFT in far-advanced renal cell carcinoma. Urological Cooperative UFT Study Group].

A cooperative study of UFT was conducted in cases of far-advanced renal cell carcinoma. UFT was administered daily at a dose of 300-600 mg FT equivalent for at least 4 weeks. Forty-one patients were entered into the protocol from the 19 collaborating institutions in the group. The antitumor effects of the drug were clinically evaluable in 25 patients according to the response criteria proposed by the Koyama-Saito study group. Seven were not eligible and 9 were cases of protocol violation. Complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) were observed in 2 and 5 patients, respectively, showing a response rate of 28.0%. One patient showed minor response, 8 stable disease and 9 progressive disease. It took about 22 weeks and 16 weeks to attain CR and PR, respectively. Lung metastasis was the lesion showing most the favorable response to this treatment. Twenty-eight patients were used for evaluating the adverse effects of the drug. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and anorexia, were observed most frequently, while bone marrow suppression was minimal. Only three patients had to be taken off the drug due to its adverse effects. In conclusion, UFT was considered to be one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of far-advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗