PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Solheim

Publications and source records attributed to F Solheim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Genital tract infections associated with the intrauterine contraceptive device can be reduced by inserting the threads into the uterine cavity.

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of the position of the threads of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) on the development of genital tract infection. DESIGN: A multicentre randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS: Women requesting an IUCD. INTERVENTIONS: The women were randomized to be fitted with an IUCD either with the threads contained in the uterine cavity (threads-up group) (n = 208) or passing through the cervix to the vagina in the usual way (threads-down group) (n = 237). Multiple centre study with follow-up at three months, 1 and 2 years. At the final visit 'missing' threads were retrieved using a disposable instrument (Retrievette). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The occurrence of infection in the lower or upper genital tract. RESULTS: 63 women in the threads-up group and 78 in the threads-down groups dropped out. Previous gynaecological infection was reported by 21 and 48 women in the threads-up and threads-down group, respectively (odds ratio 0.44, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.79), 21 and 53 subjects had signs of infection at gynaecological examination (odds ratio 0.39, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.69) and a wet-smear was pathological in 33 and 79 (odds ratio 0.38, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.61). In the threads-up group the vaginal pH was also lower at the final check up after 2 years. Spontaneous descent of the threads occurred in 11% of the threads-up group and in six women in the threads-down group the threads were in the cervix. In 93 women the threads were easily retrieved by means of the Retrievette, four women insisted on the threads remaining in the uterus and in 18 thread removal was performed under local or general anaesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: Infectious complications in women using an IUCD are more frequent if the threads lead from the uterine cavity to the vagina. This problem can be reduced by inserting the threads so that they remain entirely within the uterine cavity, a feasible procedure now that an effective instrument for IUCD thread retrieval is available.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Calcium and magnesium status in pregnant women. A comparison between treatment with calcium and vitamin C in pregnant women with leg cramps.

60 pregnant women underwent a double blind trial with calcium or ascorbic acid (1 g twice daily) as treatment for leg cramps. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups with respect to clinical improvement. In 14 out of 60 patients the symptoms were totally abolished and in another 27 patients the symptoms were significantly decreased by the treatment (irrespective of drug used). In 17 patients the symptoms were unaffected while only two patients experienced an increase in frequency of their leg cramps during therapy. Serum total and ionized calcium concentrations, serum total magnesium and albumin concentrations were determined and were not significantly changed throughout therapy in any of the groups. No biochemical differences were found between the different treatment regimens or between those patients relieved or not relieved of their symptoms. Serum magnesium concentrations were at or just below the lower normal limit (for non pregnant women) in treated women and pregnant controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A solution to the problem of "missing" IUD threads.

A disposable, plastic, sterile instrument, RetrievetteR, for the retrieval of 'missing' threads of intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUD) at routine gynecological investigations was developed and tested in 80 patients. In 64 instances, the threads were found and easily drawn out through the cervical canal. In the remaining 16 cases, where the threads were not found, this was due to already expelled IUD in 6, too short threads in 5, inverted IUD in one, IUD which had partly perforated the uterine wall in one, unknown factors in 2 cases where the women chose to keep a correctly placed IUD in spite of missing threads and, finally, in only one case due to method failure. In the latter case, a correctly placed IUD with threads of normal length was later extracted under general anaesthesia. It is concluded that this instrument can help the physician avoid more complicated and unpleasant procedures with ultrasonic or X-ray localization and subsequent IUD extraction under local or general anesthesia in women with missing IUD threads.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1981

Effects of sex hormone binding globulin capacity and pregnancy zone protein of treatment with combinations of ethinyl-oestradiol and norethisterone.

Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and pregnancy zone protein (PZP) are two highly oestrogen-inducible serum proteins. SHBG capacity and PZP level were measured in 49 women treated with three different combinations of ethinyloestradiol and norethisterone. SHBG capacity and PZP were measured before and after 6 mth of treatment and both serum factors significantly increased during treatment for all three groups. PZP induction was found to be more sensitive and mainly to reflect the oestrogen component of a combined preparation while SHBG capacity was more sensitive to the modulating effect of the progestogen.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1981

Changes in central circulation in premenopausal women during application of an estradiol valerate-norgestrel combination (Cyclabil).

The orthostatic circulatory reaction, the physical working capacity on a bicycle ergometer, the indirectly measured blood pressure at rest and after the ergometer test, the total hemoglobin content, blood volume and the heart volume in supine position were all determined on three separate occasions in the 17 premenopausal women who were taking an estrogen-progestogen combination as premenopausal substitution (2 mg estradiol valerate and 0.5 mg norgestrel, CyclabilR, Schering AG). Twelve women not receiving steroid treatment served as controls. The examinations were performed once prior to the commencement of the medication and 6 and 12 months thereafter. The orthostatic pulse reaction, the physical working capacity, the total amount of hemoglobin and heart volume did not change during the 12 months. Heart volume increased in both groups but there was no difference between the groups. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased slightly in the treated group during the first months but returned towards the initial values at 12 months. The transitory blood pressure increase when using the estrogen-progestogen combination in the premenopause during 12 months is similar to that earlier reported in younger women taking low-dose steroid contraceptives (8). It is conceivable that an adaptative mechanism in the vascular system will work in both situations.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Vacuum aspiration at therapeutic abortion: blood loss at operation in multigravid women.

Therapeutic abortion by vacuum aspiration in the first trimester was carried out on 129 healthy multigravid women. The loss of haemoglobin at operation was estimated and the volume of blood calculated. The figures were compared to those in a group of primigravid women earlier reported. Blood loss increases with gestational length. Blood loss at first trimester abortion is smaller in multigravid than in primigravid women. In multigravid women blood loss is not significantly influenced by the woman's age and the number of pregnancies.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1978

Vacuum aspiration at therapeutic abortion: influence of two different negative pressures on blood loss during and after operation.

In 167 women blood loss was measured during and after vacuum aspiration for therapeutic abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy. Two different negative pressures were used -49.1 kPa (-0.5 kp/cm2) and -78.5 kPa (-0.8 kp/cm2) in a randomized series. It was found that for the whole first trimester (8--13 weeks) blood loss during and after operation was relatively small and not influenced by the pressure used. In no case blood loss exceeded 500 ml at operation or 60 ml during the first post-operative week. In 6 women post-operative infections were diagnosed.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1978

Prognostic value of the pregnancy zone protein during early pregnancy in spontaneous abortion.

The concentration of pregnancy zone (PZ) protein in maternal serum during early normal pregnancy was followed in a prospective study of 261 pregnant women. A marked increase which followed an exponential function was found and a theoretic onset of induction at the time for implantation was calculated. Women with a later spontaneous abortion had low values. The prognostic relevance of PZ determinations was studied and values from women who later had a spontaneous abortion were compared to those from normal pregnancies. The prognostic value of PZ protein was compared to that of hCG and progesterone. PZ and hCG assays had the same prognostic accuracy concerning the outcome of pregnancy while determinations of progesterone were less valuable.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1977

The effect of oxytocin on hypertonic saline abortion.

Oxytocin was infused in 22 randomly selected pregnant women after extraamniotic hypertonic saline instillation. In another 24 pregnant women no oxytocin was infused at midtrimester abortion. There was no difference between the two groups in mean time from saline injection to expulsion of the fetus.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

A quantitative study of the pregnancy zone protein in sera of woman taking oral contraceptives.

By means of a single radial immunodiffusion the concentration of "the pregnancy zone protein" (PZ) was measured in sera from women taking oral contraceptive drugs. Woman taking only 0.3 mg. of norethisterone were found not to induce measurable amounts of PZ, whereas women taking combined contraceptive drugs showed a significant rise in concentration of PZ. After six months' treatment, 1 mg. of norethisterone and 0.1 mg. of meastranol daily were found to give an average concentration of PZ amounting to 59 mg. per 100 ml., that is, approximately half of the concentration of PZ in sera from women during the last trimester of pregnancy. Different combined contraceptive pills gave rise to different concentrations of PZ.

Contraceptives, Oral↗