Language lateralisation in schizophrenia.
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Diseases in Twins↗
Biomedical subjects
F Spaniel
Publications and source records attributed to F Spaniel.
The effect of tryptophan depletion on brain activation measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging during the Stroop test in healthy subjects.
We investigated the role of serotonin in cognitive activation of the frontal cortex. The serotonergic system was affected by the administration of an amino acids mixture without tryptophan (tryptophan depletion). In a placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over study with 20 healthy volunteers, we tested the hypothesis that a tryptophan (serotonin) decrease affects the activation of prefrontal cortex by the Stroop test. Cognitive brain activation was evaluated by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Tryptophan depletion decreased the plasma tryptophan level up to 90 % for five hours after the tryptophan-free drink had been consumed when compared with the same mixture with tryptophan (p?0.0001). Tryptophan depletion did not affect the Stroop test performance. We compared fMRI activation in both conditions (tryptophan depletion and placebo) with plasma tryptophan levels as the covariates. The tryptophan depletion increased the activation (fMRI signal) in the bilateral mediofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The present findings allow the postulate that serotonergic medial forebrain and cingulum bundle pathways play a role in the activity of cortical structures involved in Stroop test processing.
Adult↗
Differences in fMRI and MRS in a monozygotic twin pair discordant for schizophrenia (case report).
OBJECTIVE: This paper presents functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings in a monozygotic twin pair discordant for schizophrenia. METHOD: Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine hemispheric lateralization for speech and proton MRS (1H-MRS) was employed to assess the extent of putative insult to anterior hippocampus. RESULTS: Despite concordant right handedness, subject with schizophrenia displayed bilateral activation in areas subserving speech with greater extent of the total activated area compared with the healthy twin. The affected twin displayed relative bilateral decrease in N-acetylaspartate/creatin concentration in the anterior hippocampus compared with the healthy one. CONCLUSION: This is an evidence for non-genetic impairment of cerebral lateralization in monozygotic twin with schizophrenia.
Adult↗