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Biomedical subjects

F Tanaka

Publications and source records attributed to F Tanaka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Determination of nucleotide sequence of active site for catalytic properties of ADH3 genes.

Alcohol dehydrogenase genes show polymorphism. gamma subunits, which are encoded by ADH3 genes, have two subtypes according to the single base substitution of codon 271 and 349. This mutation of codon 271 directly determines subtypes with different catalytic properties. However, there has been no simple technique to detect nucleotide changes at codon 271. Specific amplification of nucleotides around codon 271 was difficult because of homologous nucleotide sequences around the region among 3 ADH genes (ADH1, 2 and 3). We have developed a method to amplify the ADH3 gene alone with a modification on 3'-end of primer by polymerase chain reaction. Approximately 200 nucleotides including codon 271 of ADH3 gene were sequenced, and genotypes of ADH3 gene were determined in 30 Japanese individuals. This method may facilitate the studies on racial differences of genotypes and involvement of ADH genes in patients with alcoholic liver disease.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1992

Paraganglioma of the posterior mediastinum: value of magnetic resonance imaging.

A case of paraganglioma arising in the posterior mediastinum in a 29-year-old man diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging is reported. Excision of mediastinal paraganglioma is often hazardous because of its rich vascular supply and tendency to involve surrounding structures. Magnetic resonance imaging is valuable for the preoperative diagnosis of this vascular tumor as well as for determination of its resectability and appropriate surgical procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

High-resolution CT of the temporal bone: a modified baseline.

High-resolution computed tomography (CT) of the temporal bone, particularly axial scanning on a baseline parallel to the orbitomeatal line, produces radiation exposure to the patient's lenses. The authors evaluated the radiation dose to the lens and the visualization of temporal bone structures with use of scanning along the orbitomeatal line and on a line parallel to the hard palate. Evaluation of visualization was performed by five radiologists, with high-resolution CT scans of 45 healthy patients, and the chi 2 test was performed for comparison. The change of the baseline from the orbitomeatal line to a line parallel to the hard palate decreased the radiation dose to the lens from 12.7 cGy to 0.274 cGy and improved visualization of the stapes superstructure and the tympanic portion of the facial nerve canal, although visualization of the incus body, incudostapedial joint, lateral semicircular canal, and oval window was of equal quality. Therefore, the authors recommend a new baseline parallel to the hard palate for use at high-resolution CT of the temporal bone.

Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

[Changes of plombage-operations in respiratory surgery].

The first plombage-operation for pulmonary tuberculosis was by Dr. Nagaishi (1947) and Dr. Wilson, who developed the plombage method employing hollow polymethylmethacrylate spheres. Although the method presented a relatively effective option at a time when no effective drugs were available, its use was discontinued because of such complications as lung injury, cavity-perforation, and empyema. Therefore, soft elastic resin materials, such as those used in sponge-plombage and air-plombage, replaced the hard resin materials. Each plombage method is associated with a certain medical historical period, in Japan. Still the "Kinchyu" method was used. However, the complication of chronic empyema with bronchopleural fistula was difficult to treat. A notable recent method is the pedicled omentum plombage method, which is effective in the treatment of patients who have not responded to standard operations. Finally there was surely a clinical significance in each medical historical period.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of mediastinal liposarcoma].

Primary liposarcomas of the mediastinum are rare neoplasms comprising only 0.13-0.75% of mediastinal tumors. We report a case of liposarcoma arising in the right posterior mediastinum. A 74-year-old man without symptoms was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of an abnormal shadow on chest roentgenogram. Computed tomogram (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a mediastinal tumor. The tumor was surgically removed, and the diagnosis of well-differentiated liposarcoma was established. MR imaging was superior to CT in evaluation of tumor extent, but not in differential diagnosis as liposarcoma or lipoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Four cases of spontaneous pneumothorax with no reexpansion of collapsed lung despite chest tube drainage].

We report four cases of spontaneous pneumothorax with no reexpansion of the collapsed lung despite chest tube placement and adequate suction. The cause of absence of reexpansion was endobronchial obstruction by bronchogenic carcinoma in one patient and by sputum plug in another. In the other two patients, the collapsed lung had pulmonary fibrosis and did not reexpand at all because of reduced pulmonary compliance.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic application of Nd-YAG laser treatment for the chest surgery area].

Laser therapy is now a well-established procedure and an accepted method of treatment in thoracic surgery. Therefore, using Nd-YAG laser (Model Md-50 Y) at hospital, we had discussed for the technique and its indication of laser therapeutic application against chest diseases. The following results were obtained; 1) The first object of endoscopic laser therapy is to keep the normal air-way from tracheobronchial stenosis or its bleeding as fast as possible. 2) As this laser techniques are not only the quick expansion of the residual lung but also relative absence of air-leak and blood loss, they are indicated for open lung biopsy or partial resection of metastatic lung tumors, particularly in patients with poor pulmonary function. 3) In conjunction with standard surgical technique of chest surgery, this laser treatment provides numerous other possibilities which facilitate the achievement of the therapeutic goal of surgical operation on the lungs.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Incidence of prominent corneal nerves in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A.

We studied the increased visibility of corneal nerves inside an 8-mm diameter central corneal area in 14 patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A, one patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B, five patients with nonhereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma, ten patients with anterior keratoconus, and ten normal subjects. We used a grading system (grade 0 through grade 4) for nerve visibility based on slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination and photographic documentation. All 20 normal eyes showed either grade 0 or grade 1, which indicated no pathologic thickening of corneal nerves. Sixteen of the 28 eyes (57%) with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A, however, were evaluated as grade 2 or higher, which indicated thickened corneal nerves. The incidence of high nerve visibility in eyes with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A was significantly greater compared to normal eyes (P less than .0001), anterior keratoconus (P less than .0001), and nonhereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (P = .0012). Furthermore, eight of the 28 eyes (29%) with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A showed markedly prominent corneal nerves (grade 3 and 4), a prominence similar to those seen in eyes with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B. There was no definite relationship among prominent nerve, age of the patient, and occurrence of pheochromocytoma. These findings suggest that over half of all patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A show corneal nerves pathologically thickened to different degrees.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Choroidal detachment associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and aqueous flare].

The aqueous protein level (APL) in eyes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) combined with or without choroidal detachment (CD) was investigated using a laser flare-cell meter. The APL in eyes of RRD with CD was 70 times higher than in eyes of simple RRD. The APL increased suddenly with the appearance of CD and decreased rapidly in accordance with the disappearance of CD. The longer the CD continued, the higher the APL remained preoperatively as well as postoperatively. The APL in eyes of RRD with CD was still twice as high as in eyes of simple RRD 6 months after successful retinal reattachment. This marked and prolonged intraocular inflammation in eyes of RRD with CD might result in a poorer visual outcome. The extremely high APL might be caused by reflux of suprachoroidal protein through the uveoscleral route and/or venous protein through the trabecular meshwork due to ocular hypotony and possibly by diffusion of protein via posterior chamber and vitreous cavity due to the breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The analysis of alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme using 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate as substrate on a cellulose acetate membrane.

A new procedure is established for the analysis of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. The electrophoretic separation on cellulose acetate membrane coupled with the detection of alkaline phosphatase activity with 4-methyl-umbelliferyl phosphate as a substrate is described. The proposed method would be useful for the analysis of sample of micro-scale quantities and low activities.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Interaction of steroids with D-amino acid oxidase.

1. Progesterone inhibited D-amino acid oxidase (D-amino acid : O2 oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.3.3) in competition with its substrate, D-alanine. Binding of progesterone brought about the increase in both fluorescence intensity and fluorescence polarization of FAD, which indicates that the environment surrounding FAD chromophore is modified due to a conformational change in the apoenzyme. 2. Ethinyl estradiol, testosterone, testosterone propionate, corticosterone and aldosterone also inhibited the enzyme slightly in the same manner. Their binding also produced a slight increase in FAD fluorescence without decreasing the fluorescence polarization. 3. Cholesterol did not inhibit the enzyme, though it increased the fluorescence polarization of FAD. This indicates the binding of cholesterol with the enzyme at a site other than the substrate binding site.

Animals↗