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Biomedical subjects

F Tirelli

Publications and source records attributed to F Tirelli.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Serum cardiac troponin T after repeated endurance exercise events.

Recently Dr. Rowe made a hypothesis according to which small areas of myocardial necrosis can be caused by microvascular spasm, related to high catecholamine concentrations and other mechanisms, following extraordinary unremitting endurance exercises or due to the cumulative effect of several endurance events. It was this last suggestion which prompted us to investigate 25 top cyclists, taking part in the 77th Giro d'Italia. Blood samples were obtained the day before the start of the competition and once a week thereafter until the end. We measured myoglobin, lactic dehydrogenase, total creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB and serum cardiac troponin T (Tn-T), a highly sensitive and specific method for the detection of myocardial injury. While at measuring time points which followed we found a significant increase in the serum indicators of muscle damage, compared with their values at the beginning of the race, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB did not rise significantly and cardiac Tn-T was found in the serum of only 5 athletes, repeatedly in some cases, but always below the cut off values considered as indicating myocardial ischemia. On the basis of the behaviour of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB and, above all, of cardiac Tn-T, we can conclude that heavy endurance exercises, repeated daily for 22 days, as was the case in our study, do not seem able to produce, in top athletes, permanent heart damage by means of acute myocardial injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Lipoprotein(a) and exercise.

Plasma levels of lipoprotein(a), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apoprotein A1 and apoprotein B were assessed in 10 healthy, untrained volunteers subjected to a bicycle ergometric exercise equal to 50% of individual VO2max, followed by increasing loads until muscular exhaustion. Blood samples were taken before the exercise, immediately afterwards and then at 12-hourly intervals for a 72 hours period. Subsequently, the same parameters were evaluated for 8 long-distance runners during the XXIII New York Marathon, with blood samples being taken before and after the race, and then after one month of detraining. After the exercise, lipoprotein(a) in untrained subjects began to decrease significantly from the 24th hour on and remained lower than baseline levels up till the 72nd hour. After detraining, lipoprotein(a) in marathon runners increased significantly both with respect to basal values and especially to post-race values. Modifications of the other metabolic parameters evaluated in both tests were negligible and predictable. In the two groups of subjects examined, no correlation was found between lipoprotein (a) and the anthropometrical data and metabolic parameters considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Lipoprotein (a): effect of detraining.

Plasma levels of lipoprotein (a), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apo-protein Al and apoprotein B were evaluated for 8 long-distance runners during the XXIII New York Marathon, with blood samples being taken before and after the race, and after one month of detraining. After detraining lipoprotein (a) increased significantly both with respect to basal values and especially with respect to immediately post-race values. Negligible and predictable modifications of the other metabolic parameters evaluated, were observed. No correlation was found between lipoprotein (a) and the anthropometrical data and metabolic parameters considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Chlordesmethyldiazepam and prolactinemia during surgical stress].

The per-operative plasma prolactin levels in 16 male patients undergoing plastic-reconstructive surgery were studied. 8 patients received chlordesmethyldiazepam 0.1 mg/kg-1 i.v. (group C), 8 sodium thiopental 5 mg/kg-1 i.v. (Group T) in anaesthesia induction. All patients were premedicated by diazepam 0.15 mg/kg-1 by mouth 90 min. before anaesthesia induction and atropine 0.007 mg/kg-1 i.v. just before induction, and received succinylcholine 1 mg/kg-1 i.v. and an endotracheal tube for mechanically controlled ventilation. Anaesthesia maintenance was assured by isoflurane 0.5-2.5% in a N2/O2 (2/1) gas mixture. Blood samples were collected from each patient at the following times; 24 h before surgery (t0); 30 min after skin incision (t1); 30 min after extubation (t2). Significant variation of blood prolactin levels are not been shown.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of chlordemethyldiazepam on blood cortisol during surgical stress].

The pre-operative plasma cortisol levels in 16 male patients undergoing plastic-reconstructive surgery were studied. 8 patients received chlordesmethyldiazepam 0.1 mg/kg-1 i.v. (group C), 8 sodium thiopental 5 mg/kg-1 i.v. (group T) in anaesthesia induction. All patients were premedicated by diazepam 0.15 mg/kg-1 by mouth 90 min before anaesthesia induction and atropine 0.007 mg/kg-1 i.v. just before induction, and received succinylcholine 1 mg/kg-1 i.v. and an endotracheal tube for mechanically controlled ventilation. Anaesthesia maintenance was assured by isoflurane 0.5-2.5% in a N2O/O2 (2/1) gas mixture. Blood samples were collected from each patient at the following times: 24 h before surgery (t0); 30 min after skin incision (t1); 30 min after extubation (t2). Significant variations of blood cortisol levels have not been shown.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Bombesin inhibits growth hormone response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in humans.

Intravenous administration of bombesin (5 ng/kg/min X 2.5 h) significantly reduced growth hormone (GH) response to insulin-induced (0.15 U/kg, i.v.) hypoglycemia in 8 male volunteers without affecting its basal plasma levels. These data, together with the presence of bombesin-like immunoreactivity in the human brain, suggest that--as in experimental animals--this neurogastrointestinal peptide may be of physiological significance in the control of GH secretion also in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of gastric emptying and secretion by pirenzepine and atropine in rats.

The effects of pirenzepine and atropine on gastric emptying, gastric secretion and heart rate were studied in rats. Both drugs inhibited gastric emptying and secretion dose dependently and increased pulse rate. In the gastric secretory studies both compounds displayed potencies which were not very dissimilar (ID50 were 8.1 mumol X kg-1 and 1.4 mumol X kg-1 for pirenzepine and atropine respectively, potency ratio 6); pirenzepine was however decidedly less potent than atropine in inhibiting gastric emptying (potency ratio 36 on a molar basis) and in increasing heart rate (potency ratio 125). These data, in accordance with results of clinical trials, indicate that pirenzepine-unlike atropine-can inhibit acid secretion without appreciably affecting gastric motility and cardiac function.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[A simple method for the measurement of human gastric emptying: standardization of operative parameters].

The radioisotopic techniques used for the measurement of gastric emptying in man require complex and expensive scintiscanners or gamma-cameras. In this investigation, a simple method utilizing a single and inexpensive detector was evaluated; in addition, the suitability of 99Tcm sulphur colloid as a label for solid meals was assessed. The procedure was found to be accurate and its reproducibility high. The calculated absorbed dose to the gut was very low. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that the radiocolloid used is a food non adsorbable marker for determining gastric emptying of solids. In a group of 50 healthy volunteers the emptying half-time (t1/2) ranged between 40 and 110 min, with a mean of 71.7 +/- 10.1 min, the male subjects exhibiting a significant lower t1/2 than females. In 5 volunteers with t1/2 within the normal range, the effect of drugs acting on gastric motility was evaluated. Hyoscine N-butyl bromide (20 mg) significantly delayed gastric emptying of solids, whereas metoclopramide (20 mg) was ineffective in these subjects. On the contrary, this drug was able to accelerate gastric emptying only in some patients with abnormally delayed emptying. On the whole, the method is simple, inexpensive and reproducible. It may be of great clinical value to investigate abnormalities of gastric function and to perform a better pharmacological approach to the medical treatment.

Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation↗
PubMed1981

Effect of acute and chronic cimetidine administration on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in man.

The effect of acute and chronic cimetidine administration on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion was studied in healthy male volunteers. Cimetidine was administered intravenously (4 mg X kg-1 followed by 0.7 mg X kg-1 X h-1) in acute studies and by oral route (1 g/die for 4 weeks) in long-term studies. Oral (100 g) or intravenous (0.5 g X kg-1) glucose was used as a stimulus for insulin secretion in both studies. Neither acute nor chronic cimetidine administration modified insulin secretion and glucose tolerance. These data are consistent with the idea that H2-receptors are not involved in the insulinogenic effect of glucose.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

[Acute bacterial nephritis in diabetics (author's transl)].

The AA. describe an unusual form of severe grahm negative bacterial infection of the renal parenchima that occurs infrequently in adult patients, most of whom are diabetics. During the acute phase, the kidney becomes smoothly enlarged, with marked impairment of contrast material excretion. The urographic and echographic findings simulated a renal neoplasm; on the contrary the selective renal angiography excluded the presence of a neoplastic blood circulation. This bacterial infection produces an inflammatory infiltrate surrounding and occluding the interlobular arteries in the cortex, with secondary ischemy. A precious and appropriate antibiotic therapy causes a rapid return of renal function; on the contrary this process may produce a globally small kidney in the long run.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1978

Thyroid and obesity: survey of some function tests in a large obese population.

Tests of thyroid function in 493 obese patients were compared with thyroid function in 3076 non-obese patients. No differences in 131I uptake by the thyroid were observed at 6 h or 24 h; the frequency distribution was gaussian or normal in both populations; the frequencies of normal, high or low T3 and T4 values in the two populations were likewise comparable. Further, no correlation was found in the obese subjects between 131I uptake (6 h and 24 h), T3, T4 and overweight; on the other hand, there was a significant negative correlation between 131I uptake (6 h and 24 h) and age. It would appear that thyroid function is normal in obesity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Food consumption in a community of the Parma district (Langhirano). Clinico-metabolic considerations].

Referring to the results of a "pilot" nutritional investigation carried out in a representative mixed sample of a small community of Parma district (Langhirano), the AA. underline the clinical and metabolic implications resulting from the not quite correct nutritional behaviour observed. In fact, in agreement with the national average data reported for italian population from ISTAT, caloric excess, particularly of dietary fat and proteins, was confirmed in this community too. Nevertheless, want of vitamins (D, B1, B2), and minerals (Ca) was paradoxically found. Considering in detail the results some immediate clinical and metabolic consequences come out: namely, want of Ca is prevailing in women and just in the critical age classes (20-40 and 50-59 years, that is in fertile and climacteric ages). When the recommended intake levels are higher. Ferthermore in male-populations, in the class aged 30-50 (that is more vulnerable as to atherosclerosis), was found the highest caloric intake besides in fat and particularly in cholesterol, as to the recommended safety levels. The A.A. conclude pointing out the importance and the necessity of a nutritional notions wide spreading, involving the various responsible public health and social politic organisation of the Country.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1977

Epidemiological aspects and social importance of obesity. The situation in Italy compared with other developed countries.

Epidemiological aspects of obesity have been the object of few studies in Italy, and the results of these are reviewed and compared with those obtained in other developed countries. The prevalence of obesity has been investigated in pre-school and school-age children, in young conscripts and in workers at the Riuniti Hospital in Parma, and the results show that the problem of obesity in Italy is a serious one. More than 2000 obese subjects, attending the First Medical Clinic of Parma University, have been studied to establish how far overweight is responsible for pathological and disabling complications. Obesity was implicated as a major contributing factor in diabeties, atherosclerosis, hypertension, arthritis and many other disabling diseases. The social aspects of the problems of obesity are discussed, together with possible preventive and curative measures.

Adolescent↗