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Biomedical subjects

F Toofanian

Publications and source records attributed to F Toofanian.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Alteration of intestinal enzyme activities associated with extensive large-colon resection in horses.

Lactase, maltase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase activities were determined in the intestinal mucosa from 3 locations in the small intestine and 4 locations in the large intestine 1 year after extensive large-colon resection (group 1; n = 5) and 1 year after sham operation (group 2; n = 3) in horses. Lactase, maltase, and sucrase activities were similar (P greater than 0.05) between group-1 and group-2 horses in all locations measured in the intestinal tract. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the remaining large colon of group-1 horses was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater than the activity in the large colon of group-2 horses. Decreased apparent digestion of phosphorus and a negative phosphorus balance are persistent features of large-colon resection in horses. Increases in alkaline phosphatase activity in the remaining colon of horses with extensive large-colon resection may be a specific functional adaptive mechanism that attempts to counteract the derangements in phosphorus metabolism.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Stimulation of colonic goblet cells by cecal filtrates from rabbits with experimental mucoid enteropathy.

Mucoid enteropathy was induced experimentally by ligation of the cecum, and sterile filtrates were prepared from cecal contents of sick and control rabbits. Explants were prepared from the colons of normal rabbits and were maintained in a short-term organ culture system. Cecal filtrates from rabbits with experimental mucoid enteropathy when added to the culture medium, stimulated mucus secretion and discharge from goblet cells. This was exhibited by an increase in number of visible goblet cells, presence of mucus in crypt lumen and/or presence of a significant amount of mucus blanketing the surface epithelium. The results indicated that a mucus-stimulating substance, a goblet cell secretagogue, was produced in the cecum of affected rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cecal short-chain fatty acids in experimental rabbit mucoid enteropathy.

Short-chain fatty acid concentrations were measured in the cecal contents of 9 healthy rabbits and 20 rabbits with experimentally induced mucoid enteropathy. In control rabbits, cecal concentration of acetate was the most abundant, followed by that of butyrate and propionate--a feature distinguishing rabbits from most other mammals. In mucoid enteropathy, cecal acetate and butyrate concentrations were lower, whereas propionate, isobutyrate, valerate, and isovalerate were increased. The results indicated that there were abnormal fermentation and cecal maldigestion in rabbits with mucoid enteropathy.

Acetates↗
PubMed1985

Intestinal disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase activities in experimental rabbit mucoid enteropathy.

Mucoid enteropathy was induced experimentally by ligation of the cecum, and the activities of mucosal disaccharidases and alkaline phosphatase were measured at different locations along the small intestine of the sick and control rabbits. In the duodenum of rabbits with mucoid enteropathy, the activity of acid beta-galactosidase II was elevated and hetero beta-galactosidase declined. In the jejunum, the activities of lactase, acid beta-galactosidase I and II, hetero beta-galactosidase, trehalase, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly lower in animals with mucoid enteropathy. In the ileum, acid beta-galactosidase II, hetero beta-galactosidase, maltase, trehalase, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase showed decreased activity in rabbits with mucoid enteropathy.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

Rabbit small intestinal beta-galactosidases.

The beta-galactosidase activities of the rabbit small intestinal mucosa were studied over the pH range of 2.6 to 8.4, using different substrates, and in the presence or absence of the enzyme inhibitor p-chloromercuribenzoic acid. The results indicated the presence of 4 beta-galactosidases: (i) a neutral beta-galactosidase (lactase) with optimum pH of 5.8, (ii) an acid beta-galactosidase I with optimum pH of 3.4, (iii) an acid beta-galactosidase II with optimum pH of 4.6, and (iv) a hetero beta-galactosidase with pH optimum of 7.6. Seemingly, 3 of these beta-galactosidases were comparable with those in other mammals, and the 4th has not been reported in other species.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The fetal and postnatal development of small intestinal disaccharidases in the rabbit.

The development of small intestinal enzymes (lactase, acid- and hetero beta-galactosidases, cellobiase, maltase, trehalase, and sucrase) was studied from 18 days after conception until birth in 24 rabbit fetuses, and during the postnatal period in 15 newborn, juvenile, and adult rabbits. Lactase, acid- and hetero beta-galactosidases, cellobiase, and trehalase activities increased significantly during the fetal stage, while changes in sucrase and maltase activities were not substantial. In the postnatal period, lactase and cellobiase activities decreased significantly whereas maltase, sucrase, and trehalase activities increased significantly to reach adult values by 30 days of age. The acid- and hetero beta-galactosidases remained unchanged.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

Experimental production of rabbit mucoid enteritis.

Rabbit mucoid enteritis (mucoid enteropathy) is a subacute fatal disease of weanling rabbits with unknown cause. Mucoid enteritis was experimentally produced by ligating the large intestines in rabbits. Of the rabbits with ligated cecum and those with ligated colon, 70% and 45%, respectively, had excessive production of mucus and passed large amounts of mucus with feces, closely resembling the naturally occurring mucoid enteritis. Injection of oxytetracycline into the cecum at the time of ligation prevented the development of mucoid enteritis, and injection of cholestyramine markedly reduced the frequency of the disease in the rabbits with ligated cecum.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Small intestinal anastomosis and preparation of intestinal loops in the rabbit.

An end-to-end anastomotic technique was adopted to prepare isolated intestinal loops in rabbits. The anastomosis was accomplished by the use of a simple interrupted approximating suture technique which caused minimum trauma to the intestinal tissue, and the luminal narrowing was minimal. Normal intestinal functions were resumed in less than 48 hours. The operated rabbits maintained normal appetite, normal passage of digesta, and normal weight gains. The advantage of this method was the ability to operate rapidly and certainty of effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Morphogenesis of rabbit small intestinal mucosa.

The sequential morphologic changes of rabbit small intestinal mucosa were studied from primodial stage to birth in 86 fetuses and during the early days of life in 18 rabbit newborns. In 13-day-old fetuses, the epithelium was flat and stratified. By the 17th day, epithelial ridges were formed. The first evidence of rudimentary villus formation was noted in 20-day-old fetuses and true villi appeared by 24 days of the gestation. Intestinal glands (crypts of Lieberkühn) were first observed at 29 days. The intestine of the newborn rabbit did not possess all mucosal constituents present in the adult. The duodenal glands (Brunner's glands) appeared in the first 2 days after birth, and the muscularis mucosa, on the 5th day. The histological maturity of the intestine occurred 20 days after the rabbit was born. At all stages, the morphogenesis followed a cranio-caudal gradient developmental pattern.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Acute diesel fuel poisoning in goats.

The clinical, haematological and pathological features of an outbreak of diesel fuel poisoning in a group of goats are described. The major clinical signs were dullness, pneumonia and nervous signs.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Besnoitiosis in wild and domestic goats in Iran.

Besnoitia cysts and lesions were observed in the skin, blood vessels, epididymis and testes of two wild goats (Capra aegagrus) and in the subcutaneous tissues of two domestic goats (Capra hircus) in the Fars Province of Iran. The seminiferous tubules in the wild goats showed aspermatogenesis, degeneration and atrophy of germinal epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Alkaline phosphatase activity in the small intestine of the sheep.

The distribution of intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities has been studied in 27 adult sheep. There is a descending gradient of activity from duodenum to ileum. The location of the enzyme along the small intestine is suggestive of its involvement in absorption mechanisms.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

Studies on the digestion of carbohydrates in the camel (Camelus dromedarius).

Camels with cannulas in the small intestine were used to study the "digestive-absorptive" capacities of the small intestine. Solutions of different carbohydrates were infused through the cannulas and the responses in blood glucose levels were measured. Monosaccharides were readily absorbed from the camel small intestine. The pattern of disaccharide absorption indicated that there was high lactase activity and low maltase and sucrase activity, in the camel small intestinal mucosa.

Animals↗