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Biomedical subjects

F Tremolada

Publications and source records attributed to F Tremolada.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Initial experience with clotiapine in the treatment of heroin addiction].

Experience in treating heroin addicts with a major neuroleptic, Chlothiapin (Entumin Sandoz) is described. Treatment was begun on 16 cases and completed on 12. Slight signs of asthenia appeared in three cases. All patients completing the treatment achieved a normal sleeping pattern and reduced anxiety. Thus after a 7 day course patients could be transferred to a specialist drug addiction centre.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Comparative histology of acute hepatitis B and non-A, non-B in Leuven and Padova.

A histological study was performed on liver biopsies from patients with acute hepatitis A (n = 13), B (n = 35) and non-A, non-B (nAnB) (n = 35) in search for microscopical features characteristic for each type of hepatitis. Biopsies from two centres (Padova, Italy and Leuven, Belgium) were studied in order to determine whether the histological pattern in acute hepatitis A, B and nAnB may differ from one centre to another. The histology of cases of hepatitis A and B from Italy and Belgium did not differ. Less liver cell plemorphism was found in hepatitis A than in B. Clear differences were observed between acute hepatitis nAnB occurring in Padova when compared with cases from Leuven. The Padova-biopsies obtained from patients with transfusion-induced viral hepatitis were mainly characterized by a high degree of lympho-histiocytic intrasinusoidal infiltration whereas the Leuven-biopsies, mostly taken in patients with sporadic hepatitis, were characterized by the presence of numerous acidophilic bodies and Mallory body-like cytoplasmic alterations. Morphologically, the latter cases appear to be closely related to hepatitis B.

Belgium↗
PubMed1983

Virus replication and liver disease in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Recent studies on the natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection have provided evidence for a close temporal relationship between the phase of active virus replication and development of liver lesions. To assess the role that virus replication plays in this phase in determining the severity of the liver disease, we studied serum levels of virus-specific DNA-polymerase activity and hepatitis Be antigen/antibody status in 48 chronic carriers of the hepatitis B surface antigen found positive for the hepatitis B core antigen in the liver. There was a remarkably evident inverse correlation between virus replication activity and liver disease activity, patients with minimal histological changes having the highest DNA-polymerase levels (mean +/- SD: 3879 +/- 2557 cpm) and those with severe chronic active hepatitis the lowest enzyme levels (419 +/- 246 cpm), while cases of chronic persistent hepatitis and of mild chronic active hepatitis had intermediate levels. Serum hepatitis Be antigen was detected in 31/32 patients with milder liver lesions and in 11/16 with severe liver lesions; the remaining five cases were anti-HBe-positive despite the presence of the core antigen in the liver. Serum levels of virus replication markers closely correlated with the distribution pattern of the core antigen in the liver. These findings indicate that in chronic hepatitis B the severity of liver disease is not directly related to levels of virus replication, thus suggesting a predominant role of host immune mechanisms.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1983

Prospective study of posttransfusion hepatitis in cardiac surgery patients receiving only blood or also blood products.

The incidence, etiology and risk factors of posttransfusion (PT) hepatitis were evaluated in a prospective study of 297 consecutive open-heart surgery patients. PT hepatitis occurred in 63 (21.2%) patients with a significantly higher hepatitis attack rate in 51 recipients of commercial clotting factor concentrates (56.8%) compared to 246 recipients of blood units from single volunteer donors (13.8% p less than 0.001). Among the concentrates, Prothrombin-complex showed the highest relative hepatitis risk (24) while in patients receiving only blood, the incidence PT hepatitis was correlated with the blood volume transfused. Of the 63 patients with PT hepatitis, 2 (3%) had hepatitis B, 8 (13%) showed evidence of cytomegalovirus infection and 53 (84%) had non-A, non-B hepatitis. These results show that in Italy, as elsewhere, non-A, non-B PT hepatitis is frequent, particularly when commercial blood products are used.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1982

Long-term follow-up of acute and chronic non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis: evidence of progression to liver cirrhosis.

The long-term outcome of non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis was evaluated in 21 patients who developed the illness after open-heart surgery and could be followed thereafter up to five years. Histological chronic sequelae were documented in 13 patients, and consisted of chronic persistent hepatitis in one case, chronic lobular hepatitis in two and chronic active hepatitis in 10, five of whom also developed superimposed cirrhosis. Progression to these chronic states was in most cases symptomless, independently of the severity of liver lesions; one patient, however, died of gastrointestinal bleeding due to cirrhosis of the liver. During follow-up the biochemical pattern of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis was unique, while striking fluctuations of transaminase levels. Liver histology proved essential to identify the severity of chronic liver lesions, as clinical and biochemical features were uniform and not indicative of it. Our results suggest that cirrhosis may develop, often with an asymptomatic course, in a significant number of patients who do not recover after acute post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructural changes in the liver of patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis.

Electron microscopy examination of liver biopsies from 8 patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis revealed ultrastructural changes similar to those previously described in chimpanzees with experimentally induced acute non-A, non-B hepatitis. These changes consisted of intranuclear clusters of electron-dense, 15-27-nm particles that were detected in five out of the eight patients and of circular cytoplasmic structures that were present in seven cases. Other cytoplasmic abnormalities found in our patients related to the presence of curved membranes apparently developing from apposition of two cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. In contrast with what has been reported in infected chimpanzees, the nuclear and cytoplasmic changes were not mutually exclusive in our patients, but coexisted in four of them.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Detection by immunofluorescence of an antigen-antibody system in patients with acute and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis.

An antigen-antibody system has been identified by immunofluorescence in patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis. The non-A, non-B antigen was localized in the hepatocyte nuclei of liver biopsies from patients with acute post-transfusion or sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis and in those from patients with chronic post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis, the percentage of positive cells being most prominent in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment. Absence of the antigen in normal livers and in livers from patients with type B hepatitis infection indicated its specific association with non-A, non-B infection. Antibody reacting with the nuclear antigen became detectable in serum during post-transfusion acute non-A, non-B hepatitis in 11 out of 15 cases; it was absent before transfusion. Six out of 12 cases of sporadic acute non-A, non-B hepatitis were also found to produce the antibody, which was repeatedly found to be absent during the acute phase in five patients with type A and in eight with type B hepatitis. The non-A, non-B antibody, mainly an IgM antibody, persisted in serum for prolonged periods of time after onset, both in patients showing biochemical resolution of their illness and in those who continued to have liver damage after the acute phase. Accordingly, eight out of nine patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis were found positive for the antibody in serum, seven at the time the non-A, non-B antigen was detected in their liver. Thus this non-A, non-B associated antigen-antibody system shares remarkable similarities of behaviour with the "core" system of the hepatitis B virus.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

[Relationships between clinico-therapeutic parameters and immunological status in patients with lung cancer].

150 patients with lung cancer have been studied from the immunological point of view: the two years that elapsed between the study and processing of the data permitted an evaluation of the prognosis in terms of immunology also. This study has been carried out in vivo by means of skin tests (BCG, PPD, Candida, Varidase, CCB, Mumps, BNCB) and in vitro with lymphocyte blastization in the presence of PHA and dependent antibody cytotoxicity. Serum factors which can interfere with lymphocyte cytotoxicity have also been studied. Peri- and intra-tumour lymphocyte infiltration and the lymph node activation stage have been analyzed in patients who underwent surgery. A real depression of the cell mediated immunity observed in the negative response to skin tests has been found. The study of in vitro parameters showed a deficient blast response in 86% of the cases examined, decreased cytotoxicity in 62% and the presence of inhibiting serum factors in 53%. No correlation was observed between positivity to skin tests, normal response to PHA, normal concentration of inhibiting serum factors on the one hand and survival on the other. The only finding which seems to be correlated with survival is lymphocyte infiltration; its peri- and intrastromal presence on the neoplasia may be associated with a significantly better prognosis.

Antigens↗
PubMed1980

Suppressor cell activity in viral and non-viral chronic active hepatitis.

Suppressor cell function was studied in twenty-nine patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) in relation to possible aetiological causes and activity of liver disease. All fifteen patients with evidence of viral aetiology (ten HBsAg-positive CAH and five non-A, non-B CAH) showed normal suppressor cell function independently of severity of liver damage. In contrast, fourteen patients with HBsAg-negative CAH, including four cases with circulating antibodies to the hepatitis B virus, demonstrated a significant reduction in supprpessor cell activity compared to control subjects. No significant difference was found in this group between cases with and without circulating autoantibodies. In four out of five HBsAg-negative patients tested serially suppressor cell defect correlated with disease activity suggesting an abnormality in the regulation rather than a depletion of suppressor cells. These results suggest that different mechanisms are responsible for autoimmunity to the liver in virus and non-virus-related CAH.

Adolescent↗