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Biomedical subjects

F Triulzi

Publications and source records attributed to F Triulzi.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Electrophysiological and MRI evaluation of neurological involvement in Behçet's disease.

Eight patients with stable Behçet's disease were studied by means of multimodality evoked potentials and magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the possibility of an earlier and objective demonstration of clinical and subclinical Central Nervous System (CNS) involvement. It was shown that both diagnostic techniques are useful for quantitative evaluation of neurological involvement in Behçet's disease; of particular interest was the demonstration of subclinical CNS changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Nonrefractory temporal lobe epilepsy: 1.5-T MR imaging.

Thirty-one patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) of mild to moderate severity, well controlled by pharmacotherapy (nonrefractory TLE), and with negative findings at computed tomography, were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 1.5 T. Examination disclosed significant findings in 16 patients: mesial temporal abnormalities (n = 9), basitemporal abnormalities (n = 2), and alterations in frontoparietal white matter (n = 5). Coronal views and sequences with a 120-msec echo time (TE) depicted lesions in 16 patients; axial views depicted lesions in only nine of 16 patients; sequences with a 35-msec TE depicted lesions in only ten. These results underline the importance of screening with MR imaging in nonrefractory TLE patients and suggest that the MR imaging sequence of choice is a thin-section, coronal, T2-weighted sequence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cerebral arterial spasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. A case report with SPECT and iodine-123 HIPDM.

Cerebral arterial spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage can be responsible for secondary neurological deficits and can influence history, prognosis, and results of surgical treatment. The demonstration of vasospasm can be important for therapy. The use of I-123 HIPDM and SPECT in evaluating regional cerebral blood flow showed the effects on cerebral perfusion of diffuse arterial spasm in a case of subarachnoid hemorrhage and its recovery. There was a parallel with clinical neurological status.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Long-term noninvasive single photon emission computed tomography monitoring of perfusional changes after EC-IC bypass surgery.

The rCBF was evaluated using I-123 HIPDM and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) on 14 patients undergoing extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery because of internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. Before surgery, all patients showed cortical areas of hypoperfusion over the affected cerebral hemisphere. Shortly after EC-IC bypass a rCBF increase was observed in six patients. However, at the 6 and 12 month follow-ups, with angiographic control of bypass patency, rCBF studies did not show any significant rCBF change. Long-term noninvasive tomographic monitoring of perfusion changes occurring after EC-IC bypass surgery failed to show a long-lasting improvement in perfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Empty sella in children with pituitary dwarfism: does it exist?

Empty sella is a descriptive term used to define an anatomoradiological entity characterized by penetration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and subarachnoid space within the sella cavity. To clarify the relationship between empty sella and the endocrinological abnormalities frequently associated in pediatric patients, we examined the hormonal and radiological characteristics of 16 short children with empty sella. In all patients the diagnosis of empty sella was made by computerized tomography (CT) examination. In 5 of 16 patients a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the sellar region was performed. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) was found in all 16 patients, hypothyroidism in 6 of 16, hyperprolactinemia in 1 of 16, gonadotropin deficiency in 4 of 11, low cortisol levels in 4 of 13 patients. None of our patients had a CT image of classical empty sella. MRI showed instead the presence of hypoplastic pituitary and disrupted stalk in all patients. In conclusion the endocrinological investigation revealed the presence of isolated GHD in 7 of 16 and multiple hormone defects in 9 of 16 of our patients. This situation is probably not related to a classical empty sella, but depends on a pituitary hypoplasia as the MRI study properly demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Head holder for PET, CT, and MR studies.

A new head holder for the fixation and repositioning of the patient head in PET, CT, and MR scanners has been designed and tested. With this device, a bidimensional correlation between functional and anatomical brain images can also be obtained. Head fixation and repositioning are achieved using the patient's dental morphology as an anatomical reference. With a dentistic material, a mold of the patient's teeth is obtained in a few minutes. The molding substance rests on a plastic support, fixed to the head holder. Each time the patient undergoes a new study, his/her personal mold is used, ensuring accurate head repositioning. External markers fixed on the head holder (made visible in lateral PET and CT projection images, midsaggital MR images, and also on the axial images) make it possible to record and recognize the angular orientation and the position of the brain in the three-dimensional space, to correlate images of the same patient obtained with different neuroimaging modalities, and to accurately reposition patients for follow-up studies. The head holder was tested on several subjects. Fixation and repositioning accuracy of within 2.5 mm were achieved in the three-dimensional space. Orientation accuracy was 1 degree.

Equipment Design↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Focal cerebral lesions found by magnetic resonance imaging in cryptogenic nonrefractory temporal lobe epilepsy patients.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was studied in patients with mild-to-moderate temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), well controlled by pharmacotherapy, and with normal computed tomographic (CT) scans. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities were found in 19 patients; of these, nine had abnormalities in temporomesial regions and four in temporobasal regions. Six patients had white matter MRI lesions of nonspecific significance. The temporomesial MRI lesions were compatible with sclerosis of Ammonis cornu. Patients with this MRI finding had more severe and longer lasting TLE than those without MRI abnormalities. The temporobasal lesions were interpreted as potentially developing brain lesions. Correlation between EEG and MRI findings was good. We conclude that MRI is more useful than CT for diagnosis of patients with mild-to-moderate TLE.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modern imaging techniques in GH secretory disorders.

Magnetic resonance images of the pituitary-hypothalamic area in patients with GH secretory disorders, divided into two groups (hypersecretory and hyposecretory), were studied. In the first group there were 42 patients with pituitary adenoma; size, signal characteristics, direction of growth, and type of enhancement were analyzed and compared with similar studies in 40 age and sex matched control patients with non-GH secreting pituitary adenomas. No significant differences were found except for a higher frequency of chiasm involvement and a more pronounced contrast enhancement in the control group. The hyposecretory group was composed of 101 patients with congenital idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (CIGHD). MR revealed morphological abnormalities consisting of hypoplastic anterior pituitary and ectopic posterior pituitary (PPE) in 59 patients, without evidence of a complete pituitary stalk; in 42 patients the posterior pituitary was in normal position and the pituitary stalk visible. The group with PPE showed a greater frequency of multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (51% vs 12%), breech delivery (30% vs 7%) and associated congenital brain anomalies (12% vs 7%). These data suggest that CIGHD could be the result of a congenital midline brain anomaly in a significant proportion of patients.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hippocampal infolding angle changes during brain development assessed by prenatal MR imaging.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Epileptic syndromes or neurodevelopmental delay may be associated with congenital anomalies of the shape or the orientation of the hippocampus. Scarce data are available about quantitative hippocampal developmental changes during fetal life, in particular about the progressive rotational changes of the hippocampal infolding angle (HIA), which can be considered a hallmark of hippocampal development. We hypothesized that prenatal MR imaging could demonstrate the progressive rotation of the hippocampus, providing quantitative data by means of the HIA determination. METHODS: We retrospectively selected 62 fetal MR imaging cases with normal brain at prenatal and postnatal imaging. The gestational age ranged from 20 to 37 weeks. The coronal section encompassing the pons was used to perform the measurement of HIA. HIA was defined as the angle between the line connecting the lateral margin of the cornu ammonis with the medial superior margin of the subiculum and the line passing through the midline structures. RESULTS: A significant positive correlation was found between the HIA value and the gestational age. The HIA was generally below 70 degrees before the gestational week 25 and above 70 degrees after week 30. CONCLUSION: Prenatal MR imaging allowed the progressive rotation of hippocampus to be detected during fetal life, providing normative data about HIA changes. These data could support further investigations to assess how fetal HIA anomalies might affect postnatal neurologic outcome.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison between magnetic resonance imaging and other techniques in 39 multiple sclerosis patients.

Till now there are no specific laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). For this reason the diagnosis of MS is based on the clinical evidence of central nervous system white matter disease with temporal and spatial dissemination of the lesions. Recent advances in neurophysiology and imaging techniques can provide more objective criteria towards more accurate and earlier diagnosis, detecting clinically unsuspected lesions. We evaluated 39 MS patients (23 definite, 7 probable, 9 possible) by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), CT scan, Evoked Potentials (EPs) testing and Cerebrospinal Fluid analysis. MRI was abnormal in 34 cases (87%) and CT scan in 14 (36%); EPs were also abnormal in 34 cases. 30 patients had both EPs and MRI alterated and 4 patients had alterated only one of the two investigations. The frequency of EPs alterations was: VEP 74%, Median SEP 44%, Tibial SEP 59% and BAEP 54%. The BAEP was more sensitive than MRI in detecting brainstem involvement. On the other hand MRI was more sensitive than SEPs in detecting somatosensory pathways involvement. The combined use of the two techniques allowed a reclassification of 10 out of 16 possible or probable MS cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Superficial siderosis of the CNS: MR diagnosis and clinical findings.

PURPOSE: To report the clinical and neuroradiologic findings of superficial siderosis of the CNS, due to chronic subarachnoid bleeding of unknown origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We observed seven cases. The main clinical manifestations were progressive deafness and ataxia. Four patients had had previous cranial or cervical trauma, with root avulsion in two, many years before onset of deafness and ataxia. Neuroradiologic studies included MR (0.5 T in four and 1.5 T in three) and angiography of the brain in all cases, CT in six cases, MR of the spine in six, and myelography in four. RESULTS: MR demonstrated a rim of marked hypointensity in T2-weighted images, consistent with hemosiderin deposits, on the surface of cerebellum, brain stem, inferior part of cerebral hemispheres, and spinal cord. CT showed cerebellar atrophy in five cases, and a rim of mild hyperdensity around the brain stem in two. Angiographic studies were negative. Myelography showed cervical nerve root avulsion in two cases and a cervicodorsal extradural cyst in one. Cerebrospinal fluid contained RBCs in all the six examined cases. CONCLUSION: Although CT may occasionally suggest the diagnosis of superficial siderosis, MR demonstrates this abnormality to better advantage.

Adult↗