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Biomedical subjects

F Vellios

Publications and source records attributed to F Vellios.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Lipoblastomatosis: ultrastructure of two cases and relationship to human fetal white adipose tissue.

Two cases of lipoblastomatosis were examined by electron microscopy. In each there was a spectrum of adipose cell differentiation from mature adipocytes to undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. The cells had various shapes and were loosely related to one another and to small blood vessels in a stroma containing sparse collagen and proteoglycan granules. Adipocytes and lipoblasts had a discrete basal lamina but this was absent in immature mesenchymal cells, which had prominent intermediate (10-nm) microfilaments and few or no lipid droplets. Neither case had foci resembling brown adipose tissue or hibernoma (large polygonal cells closely apposed to one another and to capillaries with densely packed pleomorphic mitochondria and focal undulating plasmalemmal invaginations). Both the ultrastructure of lipoblastomatosis and its characteristic loose lobular arrangement by light microscopy closely resemble human fetal "white" adipose tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1985

Xanthogranulomatous cystitis.

Xanthogranulomatous lesions have been reported in many anatomical sites but only 10 cases involving the bladder have been described, 7 of which were associated with urachal adenoma. To our knowledge, we report the first instance of xanthogranulomatous cystitis in the English literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Uterine tumor resembling an ovarian sex-cord tumor: report of a case of an endometrial stromal tumor with foam cells and ultrastructural evidence of epithelial differentiation.

Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors are of uncertain histogenesis. We report such a neoplasm in which epithelial features observed by light microscopy were confirmed by electron microscopy and in which foam cells resembling those present in the stroma of hyperplastic endometria and in carcinoma represented a conspicuous intrinsic component. The lesion is interpreted as arising from endometrial stroma or multipotential uterine mesenchyme that has differentiated toward endometrial stroma and epithelium. The relationship of these uterine tumors to ovarian sex-cord stromal tumors and plexiform tumorlets is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The clinical and histologic spectrum of endometrial stromal neoplasms: a report of 41 cases.

Clinical and pathological features of 41 homologous uterine stromal tumors classified by the criteria of Norris and Taylor were reviewed. These included stromal nodules (12 cases), endolymphatic stromal myosis (20 cases), and stromal sarcoma (nine cases). Patients ranged in age from 18 to 79 with a median of 45 years. Symptoms were similar in all three forms and included vaginal bleeding (63%), pelvic pain (11%), or an abdominal mass (6%), while 26% of patients were asymptomatic. Tumors characteristically resembled endometrial stroma histologically, but variations included hemangiopericytoma and "sex-cord-like" patterns, hyalinization, and foam cells. A sex-cord-like pattern was seen only with stromal nodules and endolymphatic stromal myosis. Necrosis was seen in all three lesions, whereas nuclear anaplasia was seen only with stromal sarcoma. Follow-up ranging from 2 months to 12 years (median interval: 5 years) was obtained in 23 cases. No recurrences were recorded among six stromal nodules. Endolymphatic stromal myosis behaved as an indolent low grade malignancy, with three recurrences but no deaths among 13 patients; these occurred at 3 to 7 years after initial diagnosis. Stromal sarcoma behaved as a high grade malignancy, with two deaths among five patients with follow-up, both occurring within 8 months of diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Long-term effect of megestrol acetate in the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia.

Fifty-two postmenopausal women who were poor surgical risks and had histologically proved adenomatous hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, or adenocarcinoma in situ of the endometrium were treated with megestrol acetate, 40 mg per day, continuously for 9 to 104 months (mean, 42 months). More than 90% of these women had complete remissions of the hyperplasia. Three women with carcinoma in situ were followed up for 57, 65, and 104 months, without recurrence of the disease. Four women required hysterectomy; none had invasive adenocarcinoma. No adverse side effects of the drug were observed. Thus, we conclude that the continuous use of megestrol acetate is an effective, safe, alternative form of therapy for endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Hibernoma: distinctive light and electron microscopic features and relationship to brown adipose tissue.

Four hibernomas and samples of developing human brown and white adipose tissue were observed. Distinctive features of hibernomas were 1) lobules of closely apposed large polygonal cells and capillaries; 2) three principal cell types (granular eosinophilic, multivacuolated, and univacuolated) varying in prominence from case to case; 3) investment of each tumor cell by basal lamina; 4) an inverse relationship between lipid droplet size and the number of mitochondria per unit of cytoplasm; 5) pleomorphic mitochondria with dense matrixes or large, round mitochondria with transverse lamellar cristae; 6) undulating plasmalemmal invaginations; 7) micropinocytotic vesicles; 8) periodic short plasmalemmal densities; and 9) a conspicuous lack of cytoplasmic membrane systems. The frequent association of micropinocytotic vesicles and undulating plasmalemmal invaginations in proximity to capillaries strongly suggests that the invaginations represent a localized cell membrane adaptation for efficient endocytosis. In human fetal brown adipose tissue, which is first recognizable in fetuses of 21 weeks' gestational age, the most characteristic cell was the polygonal multivacuolated cell. Univacuolated cells were present in brown adipose tissue of older fetuses, and in infants and adults entire lobules containing univacuolated cells coexisted with lobules of multivacuolated cells and granular eosinophilic cells. The ultrastructure of human brown adipose tissue resembled that of hibernomas and was similar to previously described features of this tissue in animals. Developing white adipose tissue differed from brown adipose tissue by its loose plexiform arrangement of capillaries and spindle-shaped cells in less circumscribed lobules and by the absence of polygonal multivacuolated cells. The authors did not identify centripetal lobular maturation in white adipose tissue, but peripheral growth "caps" were a common finding in maturing brown adipose tissue. They consider brown adipose tissue to be a special form of adipose tissue, the variable cytologic composition of which is reflected in the histologic spectrum of hibernomas.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1983

Immunomorphologic changes in regional lymph nodes associated with cancer.

Morphologic patterns in regional lymph nodes draining resected tumors correlate with in vitro immunologic data and have been reported to predict survival, stage of disease, and presence or absence of metastases. The strength of the relationship between immunomorphologic findings and survival rates varies with the type of tumor, perhaps because of relative immunogenicity, tumor size and growth rate, or even the stimulation of the lymph nodes by infection. Nevertheless, there is remarkable agreement among investigators on key observations, which yield more prognostic information than can be obtained by standard methods.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Pedunculated liposarcoma of the esophagus: a first case report.

A large pedunculated myxoid liposarcoma of the cervical esophagus is presented. Because of its long pedicle, the presenting symptoms were primarily respiratory rather than digestive. The tumor lent itself to local excision rather than esophageal resection, given the absence of involvement of its pedicle and the resultant wide margin of excision. Review of the literature did not disclose a similar case.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1981

Recruitment and training of the surgical pathologist.

Training programs in surgical pathology currently produce and in the future will produce surgical pathologists with two levels of expertise. The first is the product of the four-year combined residency program. The training program must take into consideration the need of these trainees to attain an acceptable level of expertise in surgical pathology at the time they complete a four-year AP-CP pathology residency program. The trainees in the subspecialty of surgical pathology develop special knowledge and technical skills, often with expertise in a special area. Training of the subspecialists should be limited to those institutions with adequate case material, senior staff, and technical capabilities. Recruitment of the subspecialists from the general pool of trainees in pathology is likely to continue. The ASCP/CAP/APC Joint Task Force on Pathology Manpower in future studies should assess the needs for surgical pathology subspecialists so that funding for traineeships can be sought.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1978

Osteosarcoma of the soft tissue of the larynx: report of a case with light and electron microscopic studies.

A case of osteosarcoma arising in the soft tissue of the larynx in an elderly man is presented with light and electron microscopic documentation. The patient developed chronic hoarseness and a recurring polypoid laryngeal tumor, causing acute airway obstruction. He was treated by total laryngectomy, but he died with multiple pulmonary metastases within three months of laryngectomy. This is the third (or possibly fourth) recorded case of osteosarcoma arising in the soft tissues of the larynx, and the previous cases were clinically and pathologically similar to this one. The prognosis of sarcoma of the larynx is poor but may be improved with early recognition and adequate surgical excision.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Androgen and estrogen formation in women with ovarian hyperthecosis.

Women with ovarian hyperthecosis were studied and found to have a plasma testosterone production rate of 2.1 mg/day, a value eight times greater than that of nonhirsute, ovulatory women. The severity of hirsutism and virilization in these women was more closely correlated with the amount of testosterone produced than with plasma testosterone concentrations. The mean plasma production rates of androstenedione in these women, 8.6 mg/day, was more than three times that found in young women with no evidence of androgen excess. There was a marked gradient between ovarian and peripheral venous plasma concentrations for both C19 steroids. Following ovarian wedge resection or oophorectomy, there was a precipitous fall in the peripheral venous concentrations of these steroids. These observations support the view that the major source of excess androstenedione and testosterone secretion in these subjects was the ovaries. The rate of estrone formation in these women, 106-345 microgram/day, was the result of extraglandular aromatization of plasma androstenedione.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Symptomatic inflammatory fibroid polyp of the small bowel: report of two cases with review of literature.

Two cases of symptomatic inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFP) of the small intestine are presented, and the 17 adequately described symptomatic IFP previously reported are reviewed. IFP of the small bowel are rare. Most patients present with intestinal obstruction and a few with chronic anemia. IFP have characteristic histologic features and are easily recognized if they are considered in differential diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The origin of androgen and estrogen in a virilized postmenopausal woman with bilateral benign cystic teratomas.

Clitoromegaly was observed in a 73-year-old woman who had bilateral ovarian benign cystic teratomas that contained only epithelial derivatives. Scattered in the stroma of these ovaries were clusters of hyperplastic cells. The plasma testosterone production rate was 2.4 mg/day, a value that is ten times greater than that of normal postmenopausal women. The elevated plasma concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione decreased to normal by the second day after bilateral oophorectomy. Ovarian venous concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione were also increased and were considerably greater than those in peripheral blood. Estrone production was 68 microng/day, most of which could be accounted fo by the extraglandular formation from androstenedione. Estradiol production was 71 microng/day, of which 75% was computed to arise from extraglandular formation and the remainder likely arose by ovarian secretion. The modest increase in estrogen production was associated with slight cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium. From this study we conclude that the hyperplastic ovarian stroma was the source of the excessive androgen production.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Covert bilaterality of mature ovarian teratomas.

Over a 21-year period, 213 women with mature teratoma of the ovary were operated on at Parkland Memorial Hospital. Twenty-seven had bilateral tumors. In 22 of these 27 patients, bilateral involvement was evident on clinical examination, and in 5, biopsy of an abnormal but nonteratoid appearing ovary was required to make the diagnosis. Ninety patients with a visually normal opposite ovary had no identifiable tumor in that ovary by investigative incision or incidental excision. Neither incision nor excision of the normal contralateral ovary was performed in 58 cases, and subsequently, one of these women is known to have developed a teratoma in that ovary. We conclude that synchronous covert bilaterality of mature teratomas is not common, and a visually normal contralateral ovary should not routinely be bivalved or wedge biopsied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Origin of estrogen in a postmenopausal woman with a nonendocrine tumor of the ovary and endometrial hyperplasia.

The origin and quantity of estrogen and androgen were measured in a postmenopausal woman with clinical signs of estrogen excess and a nonendocrine tumor of the ovary. The plasma androstenedione production rate was elevated 5-fold. The estrone production rate was also five times that normally expected for a postmenopausal women and could be accounted for totally by the extraglandular conversion of plasma and androstenedione. Following removal of the tumor, the concentration of plasma androstenedione and the estrone production rate fell dramatically to normal postmenopausal levels. It is concluded that this markedly increased androstenedione production was the result of excessive secretion of androstenedione by the hyperplastic stromal cells of the ovary containing the mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. The excessive prehormone production together with its normal extraglandular conversion to estrone resulted in the massive increase in endogenous estrogen formation.

Androgens↗
PubMed1975

Pathologic findings from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project (protocol no. 4). I. Observations concerning the multicentricity of mammary cancer.

Microscopic foci of multicentric cancer were detected in 121 of 904 breasts surgically removed for a clinically overt, invasive cancer. This incidence of 13.4% is regarded as a conservative estimate since examples of such lesions occurring in the same quadrant as the dominant mass, except in those instances in which the latter was present within the tail of the breast or beneath the nipple, were excluded from the analysis. Further, this data was obtained from only one randomly selected block of the quadrants, and in 41% of the cases only one or two were available for study. Multiple multicentric cancers were found in the same breast in two and three quadrants in 11.6% and 5.8% of the cases respectively. In 9.3% of the cases the multicentric cancers were designated as noninvasive (lobular in situ and/or intraductal) and in 4.1% invasive. An attempt to correlate the occurrence of multicentric cancers with a large number of pathologic and some clinical features disclosed a statistically significant association between multicentricity and grossly nonencapsulated dominant cancers with maximum diameters greater than 5 cm, the presence of a moderate or marked intraductal component and noninvasive cancer in its vicinity, and tumor involvement of the nipple. In addition, it was noted that there was a greater likelihood that the primary tumor was of the lobular invasive type and that the overlying skin was involved when the multicentric cancer was invasive rather than noninvasive. Lymphatic tumor emboli were observed in quadrants in 18 or 2.0% of the cases. Although the number of examples is small, nevertheless positive associations were noted with the occurrence of primary tumors that were in the left breast or beneath the nipple and were not grossly circumscribed, but exhibited a nuclear grade of 1, intralymphatic and blood vessel invasion, calcium, and involvement of the overlying skin as well as nipple. In addition, patients with such intralymphatic extension were more likely to have clinically detectable lymph nodes of which four or more contained metastases. The relationship of these findings to the rationale of such procedures as segmental resection in the surgical treatment of breast cancer is discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

The pathology of invasive breast cancer. A syllabus derived from findings of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project (protocol no. 4).

The inter-relationships of 32 pathologic and 7 clinical parameters encountered in the study of 1000 examples of invasive breast carcinoma have been presented. In some instances the biological significance of these associations is at present unclear. In others it is to be noted that there is no information provided as to the rank of their significance. Nevertheless, the associations that were encountered not only help further characterize the various forms of breast cancer but also provide information regarding the possible biological significance of some of their features. Although it is not our intention to minimize the possible significance of the inter-relationships of pathologic parameters, most emphasis in the summarizing statements which follow has been placed upon those correlations which may relate to prognosis. In this regard reference has been made to short-term treatment failure, vis a vis local recurrence and/or metastases, which may not necessarily accurately reflect patient survival, although generally such a relationship exists. Information in this regard as well as to the rank of the significance of these pathologic features shall be forthcoming when sufficient time has elapsed since the inception of this study to allow for such conclusions, i.e. survival or long-term treatment failure rates. Lastly, it becomes evident that the guidelines followed in the examination of these specimens appear to represent at least the minimum requirements necessary for a meaningful pathologic evaluation of breast carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗