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Biomedical subjects

F Yildiz

Publications and source records attributed to F Yildiz.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Prevention of aspiration pneumonia with cimetidine].

Aspiration of gastric acid is one of the most feared narcosis complications. The currently practiced methods of prophylaxis did not reduce the frequency of aspiration pneumonitis. In a prospective randomised study orally and intramuscularly given Cimetidine significantly reduced the toxicity of stomach contents. The intramuscular route proved to be superior. Preoperative prophylactic use of Cimetidine can be a useful method to reduce the frequency of Mendelson's syndrome without disadvantages.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Secondhand tobacco smoke impairs neurogenic and endothelium-dependent relaxation of rabbit corpus cavernosum smooth muscle: improvement with chronic oral administration of L-arginine.

The first goal of this study was to examine the effect of secondhand smoking on neurogenic, endothelium- and cGMP-dependent relaxant responses of rabbit corpus cavernosum smooth muscle. Our second goal was to determine whether such an effect can be prevented by oral administration of L-arginine. Male New Zealand rabbits were divided into control, chronic passive cigarette smoking and L-arginine treatment groups. Relaxant or contractile responses in isolated corpus cavernosum smooth muscle strips were determined by using in vitro muscle technique. There was no significant difference in the relaxant response of the strips to papaverine, sodium nitroprusside and contractile response to KCl among the groups. Relaxant responses to acetylcholine and electrical field stimulation and contractile response to phenylephrine were significantly decreased in the strips of the smoking group than that of the control group. The impaired relaxations of strips were markedly improved by treatment of L-arginine, but the contractile responses to phenylephrine were not affected. These data indicate that secondhand smoking may impair both neurogenic and endothelium-dependent relaxation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle, and may contribute to the etiology of impotence. Chronic dietary supplementation with L-arginine offsets the impairment of neurogenic and endothelial relaxation. Therefore, we suggest that secondhand smoking exposure to cigarette produces selective impairment of neurogenic and endothelium-dependent relaxation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle via a mechanism related to the decreased production and/or availability of nitric oxide.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiation nephropathy in rats and its modification by the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril.

PURPOSE: The ability of prophylactic enalapril treatment to prevent or retard the development of radiation-induced nephropathy was studied in male Wistar rats. METHODS: Prior to irradiation, the rats were randomized to groups receiving enalapril or no treatment, and both kidneys of rats were irradiated with either a 10 Gy single dose or 26 Gy at a rate of 2 Gy per fraction per day. Renal function was assessed prior to radiotherapy and at intervals of 8 weeks thereafter. A subgroup of animals was sacrificed for histopathology at 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after irradiation. RESULTS: At 16 weeks after irradiation, renal function showed deterioration without any significant differences between groups. At 24 weeks after irradiation, all irradiation dose groups with or without enalapril treatment showed some improvement in functional terms. Morphological evaluation revealed that enalapril had a marked beneficial effect on renal radiation injury in the 10 Gy single-dose group and at 8 weeks after irradiation. At 16 weeks after irradiation the histological appearance of the dose groups with or without enalapril treatment was similar. CONCLUSION: We conclude that enalapril, when used preventively from the time of irradiation, has a beneficial effect only after high doses per fraction and at the early phases of renal radiation injury.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyroid dysfunction in children receiving neck irradiation for Hodgkin's disease.

Thyroid function was studied in 46 long-term survivors of pediatric Hodgkin's disease with a median follow-up time of 10.5 years. The mean age of the patients at the time of treatment was 8 years. Treatment consisted of radiotherapy alone in seven patients and combined radiation and chemotherapy in 39 patients. The radiotherapy dose to the thyroid gland was less than 2000 cGy in one, 2000-2500 cGy in 15, 2500-3000 cGy in 17, and greater than 3000 cGy in 13 patients. Evaluation consisted of clinical examination and thyroid function tests of total and free triiodothyronine, thyroxin, arid thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Twenty-one of 46 patients (45.6%) showed thyroid function abnormalities, however only nine of them had diffuse or nodular hyperplasia on physical examination. Risk factors of age, chemotherapy schema, total radiation dose, and dose per fraction did not significantly influence the incidence of thyroid dysfunction.

Adolescent↗