Biomedical subjects

F Yokoya

Publications and source records attributed to F Yokoya.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1986

Estimation of chicken microbial load using the growth curve parameters of chicken microflora.

Chicken microbial loads, estimated through absorbance increase of culture medium inoculated with the contaminant microflora of the carcasses, were compared with total plate counts and psychrotrophic counts obtained on the same carcasses using the pour plate method after 0, 48, 96, and 144 hr stored chicken at 4 to 5 C. For estimating microbial loads on the carcasses, the mathematical relation 1n AO = 1nA1 - R - Kt was used, which was developed by combining the growth and R equations (described in Materials and Methods) and using growth data at 28 C. The values obtained by this method, when compared with those of plating, give correlation coefficients of .94, .91, .88, and .64 for total plate counts after 0, 48, 96, and 144 hr of storage and .94, .83, .82, and .86 for psychrotrophics counts after 0, 48, 96, and 144 hr of cold storage. The method proposed in the present work permits the estimation of psychrotrophics and total counts in no more than 11 hr, which is very promising for industrial applications.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Effect of (+/-)-2-[p-(2-thenoyl)phenyl] propionic acid (suprofen) on experimental allergic reactions.

The effects of (+/-)-2-[p-(2-thenoyl)phenyl] propionic acid (suprofen), a new anti-inflammatory agent, on experimental allergic reaction and antibody formation were examined. The action was compared with those of ketoprofen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, tranilast, chlorpheniramine, prednisolone and/or cyclophosphamide. Suprofen inhibited homologous PCA in rats, immunological histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells and guinea pig lung tissues, Forssman cutaneous vasculitis (FCV) and the Arthus reaction in guinea pigs. The potency for inhibition of the PCA reaction was similar to that of ketoprofen and more potent than ibuprofen and trailast. As for the release of anaphylactic mediators, suprofen was less potent than tranilast in terms of histamine release, but not the release of the slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A). Suprofen inhibited FCA more potently than other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). The inhibition of the Arthus reaction by suprofen was similar to those of other NSAID and prednisolone. Suprofen hardly affected delayed hypersensitivity in guinea pigs and antibody (IgM or IgE) formation in mice or rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Method for sampling meat surfaces.

A new method for sampling meat surfaces was developed. Bacterial counts of beef carcasses by the cotton swab technique and by the new method showed that the latter gave higher counts. These counts were closely correlated with data obtained by using the swab method. Advantages of the new method are its simplicity, rapidity, and adaptability to routine use on any type of carcass.

Animals↗

PubMed1965

Effect of several environmental conditions on the "thermal death rate" of endospores of aerobic, thermophilic bacteria.

The composition of the recovery medium affected the apparent heat resistance of Bacillus stearothermophilus when the pH of the medium was 7.0 but not when the pH was 6.5. The rate of thermal death at 110 C was exponential. Deviations from exponential rates of thermal death during the initial phases of heating at 96 C were observed with endospores of B. coagulans under different conditions of sporulation. Additionally, the apparent heat resistance was influenced by the composition of the media used for sporulation and recovery and by the composition of the suspending menstruum. The presence of 0.001 m sorbic acid in the suspending menstruum at pH 7.0 and the temperature of incubation of the cultures after heating did not affect the apparent heat resistance of B. coagulans. Several explanations are discussed for the observed deviations from exponential thermal death rates and the effect of the environment on the apparent heat resistance of B. coagulans.

Bacillus↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Species differences in the metabolism of suprofen in laboratory animals and man.

The metabolism of the oral anti-inflammatory agent suprofen (S), 2-4-(2-thienylcarbonyl)phenyl)propionic acid, has been studied in mice, rats, guinea pigs, dogs, monkeys, and human volunteers. The major metabolites of S in the serum, urine, and feces of these species were determined by GC/MS and HPLC techniques. The metabolic pathways of S in these species involved reduction of the ketone group to an alcohol (S-OH), hydroxylation of the thiophene ring (T-OH), elimination of the thiophene ring to a dicarboxylic acid (S-COOH), and conjugation with glucuronic acid or taurine. In 72-hr urine and feces of these species after po dosing of 1.6 to 2 mg/kg of S, S and these metabolites accounted for 46 to 92% of the dose and were mainly excreted in the urine. S was present as a major product (excreted mainly in conjugated form) in all species. S-OH was a major component in guinea pig and dog but a minor one in other species. T-OH was identified as a major metabolite in monkey, rat, mouse, and man, but a minor one in guinea pig, and it was absent in the dog. S-COOH was present as the minor metabolite in mouse and rat, and present at trace levels in dog, monkey, and man. Conjugation of the propionic acid functionality with taurine was observed only in the dog; in the other species, conjugation with glucuronic acid was extensive. Absorption parameters of S in the rat and monkey were similar to those in man; however, other species were very different from man.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Absorption and excretion of suprofen in rats.

DL-2-(4-(2-Thienylcarbonyl)phenyl)propionic acid (suprofen, S) was rapidly absorbed in rats after oral administration. Blood levels after a single oral dose of 2, 10, 50, or 100 mg/kg of 3H-S reached maxima within 30 min and were dose-dependent. The major portion of the drug was shown to be absorbed from the upper part of the small intestine and a portion from the stomach. The radioactivity in rat plasma was extensively bound to the plasma protein in vivo; this was found to be unchanged S and four metabolites. Elimination of S and its metabolites from blood was rapid; 3H was mostly excreted in the urine and feces within 24 hr after oral administration of 3H-S. No significant amounts of 14CO2 were excreted in expired air after administration of 14C-S. Rat urine contained S and four metabolites found in rat plasma, accounting for about 60% of the urinary radioactivity. After rats with biliary fistulas were given an oral dose of 2 mg/kg of 3H-S, 41% of the dose was excreted in the bile during 48 hr; there was significant enterohepatic circulation. When single or 21 consecutive daily doses of 3H-S were administered to rats, the blood levels after the multiple doses were higher than those after a single dose but no significant difference was found in excretion of 3H.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Further structural analysis of urinary metabolites of suprofen in the rat.

The urinary metabolites of 2-(4-(2-thienylcarbonyl)phenyl)propionic acid (suprofen, S) in rats were analyzed by radio-GC, GC/MS, or 1H NMR technique. Radio-GC analysis of trimethylsilylated materials after TLC separation of intact urine showed the presence of three radioactive peaks with the retention times corresponding to the authentic S, 2-(4-(2-thienylhydroxymethyl)phenyl)propionic acid, and 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)propionic acid. About 40% of the total radioactivity appearing in the 0-24-hr urine was accounted for by the three metabolites and their conjugates. The identification of these metabolites was confirmed by comparison of the MS spectra of urine, in which rats were administered an equimolar mixture of S and S[phenyl-d4], with those of synthetic standards. The labile metabolites of S, corresponding to about 32% of the total radioactivity appearing in the 0-24-hr urine, were isolated and purified by ether extraction from the fresh urine and GC/MS or HPLC. GC/MS of the methylated metabolite revealed the consistent presence of the ion peaks at m/z 304, 245, 217, and 141, indicative of a dimethylated product with monohydroxy group on the thiophene ring. Analysis of the 1H NMR spectrum demonstrated the metabolite to be 2-(4-(5-hydroxy-2-thienylcarbonyl)phenyl)propionic acid.

Animals↗