Biomedical subjects

Fabrice Etilé

Publications and source records attributed to Fabrice Etilé.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Don't give up on me baby: spousal correlation in smoking behaviour.

We use nine waves of BHPS data to examine interactions between spouses in terms of a behaviour with important health repercussions: cigarette smoking. Correlation between partners' behaviours may be due to correlated effects, as a consequence of matching or information revealed by others' behaviours, or to endogenous effects generated by bargaining within marriage. A simple bivariate probit reveals a positive correlation between own current smoking and partner's past smoking, which is consistent with endogenous effects. However, after controlling for individual effects, we find that own current smoking and partner's past smoking are statistically independent: all of the correlation in smoking status works through the correlation in individual effects. As such the correlation in the raw smoking data is consistent with positive assortative matching in marriage over smoking, rather than bargaining within the couple or social learning.

Data Collection↗

PubMed2006

Who does the hat fit? Teenager heterogeneity and the effectiveness of information policies in preventing cannabis use and heavy drinking.

This paper models heterogeneity in the relationship between exposure to information at school or in the media and cannabis use and heavy drinking, using latent class techniques applied to data on French teenagers collected in 1993. Teenagers cluster in five classes which differ in their tastes for drunkenness and cannabis, and in the correlations between information exposure and cannabis use or heavy drinking. Teenager heterogeneity and habit-formation or precociousness effects limit the effectiveness of general information policies. Improving the impact of prevention requires that interventions be better targeted and personalised. We show how economic theory, latent class techniques and existing psychometric questionnaires can be used to build simple statistical tools for targeting prevention policies.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Income-related reporting heterogeneity in self-assessed health: evidence from France.

This paper tests for income-related reporting heterogeneity in self-assessed health (SAH). It also constructs a synthetic measure of clinical health to decompose the effect of income on SAH into an effect on clinical health (which is called a health production effect) and a reporting heterogeneity effect. We find health production effects essentially for low-income individuals, and reporting heterogeneity for the choice between the medium labels, i.e. 'fair' vs 'good' and for high-income individuals. As such, SAH should be used cautiously for the assessment of income-related health inequalities in France. It is however possible to minimize the reporting heterogeneity bias by converting SAH into a binary variable for poor health vs other health statuses.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Health changes and smoking: an economic analysis.

This article considers dynamic models of smoking under uncertainty, wherein individuals learn about the associated risks both through experimentation and observation. We use smokers' changes in self-reported health in long-run household panel data as an individualized measure of information about how dangerous smoking is for them. We find that own past health changes while smoking are often positively correlated with current cigarette consumption, implying learning. However, other household members' health changes have only a weak effect. We emphasize individual heterogeneity, using both fixed effects in the analysis of cigarette consumption and age and sex differences in how individuals react to health changes. We conclude that smokers do indeed react to personalized health information (but not necessarily from generalized information) and modify their behavior accordingly. The way in which they react differs sharply by sex and by age, suggesting that aggregate correlations may be misleading.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Do health changes affect smoking? Evidence from British panel data.

This paper uses seven waves of British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) data to examine the link between health developments while smoking (both one's own and those of other smokers in the same household) and future cigarette consumption. We find those whose health worsens when smoking smoke less in the future, and are more likely to quit. This correlation is consistent with both a Grossman model of health demand (where all parameters are known) and with learning about the health consequences of smoking (where there is uncertainty). There is little effect on smoking from health developments amongst other smokers in the same household. As such, impersonal information provision may have less of an effect on smoking than the delivery of personalised health information, for example through the medical profession.

Adult↗