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Biomedical subjects

Faiz Uddin Ahmad

Publications and source records attributed to Faiz Uddin Ahmad.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Treatment of intramedullary spinal cysticercosis: report of 2 cases and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: NCC, Taenia solium involvement in the central nervous system, is one of the most common parasitic diseases. Spinal IMC is one of the rarest forms of NCC. CASE DESCRIPTION: We report 2 cases (an 8-year-old child and a 35-year-old woman) of spinal IMC. Both cysts were dorsal in location. MRI was diagnostic in both cases. One case was treated surgically because of acute presentation. The other cyst healed with treatment with albendazole. Both patients had good clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: With medical management, IMC may take 1 year to resolve on MRI.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Traumatic middle meningeal artery aneurysm causing intracerebral hematoma: a case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic aneurysms of middle meningeal artery (MMA) are rare. Traumatic MMA aneurysms usually present with extradural hematomas, whereas intradural intraparenchymal hematomas are exceedingly rare. CASE DISCUSSION: We report a 30-year-old man who presented 1 year after head injury with spontaneous right frontal intraparenchymal hematoma. Investigations revealed a MMA pseudoaneurysm, which was successfully treated surgically. CONCLUSION: Traumatic MMA pseudoaneurysm producing intracerebral hematoma (ICH) is rare and can be listed as a cause of spontaneous acute ICH.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Mycotic aneurysm. an unusual cause of pyrexia of unknown origin in an immunodeficient infant.

Intracranial aneurysms in early childhood are rare. Mycotic aneurysms as a cause of pyrexia of unknown origin has never been reported. We present a 9-month-old immunodeficient boy who had a long history of irregular fever from neonatal period and presented to us with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Investigation revealed a basilar top aneurysm. We present the clinicoradiological profile and discuss the management strategies.

Aneurysm, Infected↗
PubMed2006

Outcome of "unknown" head injury patients at a tertiary care neurosurgical centre.

CONTEXT: A large number of patients are admitted to hospitals in large cities without any identification. These "unknown" patients represent a unique problem in developing countries. There is no systematic study in world literature on this subgroup of patients. AIMS: To elucidate the natural history and outcome of traumatic brain injury patients admitted in the department of neurosurgery as "unknowns". SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of all traumatic brain injury patients admitted to the department of neurosurgery as "unknown", between January 2002 and March 2005. RESULTS: Three hundred and twenty five patients were admitted as unknowns over a 3 year and 3 months period. Most of the patients were young males and became known during their hospital stay. Overall, 33 patients stayed for longer than one month, with 4 of them staying for longer than 6 months. Mortality in mild, moderate and severe head injury group was 1%, 6% and 46% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Unknown patients represent a unique subgroup in metropolitan cities like Delhi. Managing them raises several medico-legal issues. Many of them occupy hospital beds for longer duration than required. There is an acute shortage of rehabilitation homes in Delhi for long term care and rehabilitation of such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Mediastinal extension of an intradural teratoma in a patient with split cord malformation: case report and review of literature.

INTRODUCTION: It is very rare for split cord malformation to be associated with intraspinal teratoma, and it is even rarer for such tumors in the dorsal spine to extend into the mediastinum. CASE REPORT: The authors describe a spinal teratoma with mediastinal extension in an 8-year-old boy who presented with 1-year history of backache. Neuroimaging revealed a heterogeneously enhancing intradural lesion from D2 to D7 levels with an extension into the mediastinum at the level of D4 vertebra. A split cord malformation type 2 and a cervical syrinx were also present. At surgery, a reddish-brown vascular tumor was present from D3 to D5 levels and was found to be going anteriorly into a defect in the body of D4 vertebra. Gross total excision of the intraspinal tumor was performed. Follow-up at 1 year revealed no recurrence or metastases. DISCUSSION: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of an intradural teratoma extending into the mediastinum, occurring concurrently with split cord malformation and other spinal anomalies.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed2005

Intraventricular rhabdoid tumor.

Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) most commonly occurs in kidney. In the central nervous system, cerebellum is the most common site of occurrence. CNS rhabdoid tumors typically occur in small children, do not respond favorably to treatment and are usually fatal within 1-year. Here is reported a 4-year-old child who presented with features of raised intracranial pressure. Apart from papillodema, there were no neurological signs. Imaging revealed a left lateral ventricular heterogeneous mass abutting the foramen of monro, with mild irregular contrast enhancement and hydrocephalus. The child underwent right ventriculo-peritoneal shunt followed by craniotomy and gross total tumor resection. He was discharged 10-days after surgery without any neurological deficits. Histopathology revealed features compatible with rhabdoid tumor. Despite radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the child died of progressive disease 10-months after surgery. The highly malignant nature of this tumor makes early diagnosis essential for aggressive management and prognostication.

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms↗
PubMed2002

Hyperhomocysteinemia, and low intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12 in urban North India.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: An adverse coronary risk profile has been reported amongst rural-to-urban migrant population living in urban slums undergoing stressful socio-economic transition. These individuals are likely to have low intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12, which may have an adverse impact on serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy). To test this hypothesis, we studied serum levels of Hcy in subjects living in an urban slum of North India and healthy subjects from urban nonslum area. METHODS: Group I consisted of 46 subjects (22 males and 24 females) living in an urban slum, while group II consisted of healthy subjects (n = 26, 13 males and 13 females) living in the adjacent non-slum area. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical profile (fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and fasting serum levels of Hcy were measured. Dietary intakes of folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B1, and iron were calculated by the 24-hour dietary recall method. Serum levels of Hcy were correlated with dietary intakes of nutrients, anthropometry, and metabolic variables. RESULTS: Sex-adjusted serum levels of Hcy in micromol/L (Mean +/- SD) were high, though statistically comparable, in both the groups (group I: 20.8 +/- 5.9 and group II: 23.2 +/- 5.9). Overall, higher than normal serum levels of Hcy (> 15 micromol/L) were recorded in 84% of the subjects. A substantial proportion of subjects in both groups had daily nutrient intakes below that recommended for the Asian Indian population (folic acid: 93.4% in group I and 96.7% in group II, vitamin B12: 76.1 % in group I and 88.4% in group II). However, between the two groups, average daily dietary intakes of both the nutrients were statistically comparable. As compared to non-vegetarians, vegetarians showed lower intakes of folic acid (p < 0.01) and vitamin B12 (p < 0.01) in both groups. On multivariate linear regression analysis with serum Hcy as the response variable and vegetarian/non-vegetarian status and sex (male/female) as predictor variables, higher serum levels of Hcy were observed in vegetarians vs non-vegetarians (1 = 4.6, p < 0.05) and males vs females (beta = 5.3, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Low intakes of folic acid and vitamin B12, and hyperhomocysteinemia, in both the healthy population living in urban slums and adjacent urban non-slum areas, are important observations for the prevention of nutritional and cardiovascular diseases in the Indian subcontinent.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous posterior fossa extradural hematoma--a rare complication following cardiac surgery.

Posterior fossa extradural hematoma (PFEDH) is an infrequent condition. Though numerous neuropathological sequelae of cardiopulmonary bypass have been described, to the best of the authors' knowledge, PFEDH after cardiac surgery has not been reported in the English literature. We report a 4-year-old boy with tricuspid atresia, who underwent cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. On the 2nd postoperative day, his neurological condition deteriorated, and a CT scan of the head revealed a large PFEDH with mass effect and hydrocephalus. He underwent a midline suboccipital craniectomy and evacuation of PFEDH. There was diffuse bleeding from the dura; however, no specific site of bleeding was identified. The child started following commands on the 1st postoperative day, had an uneventful recovery and was discharged on the 10th postoperative day. On follow-up, 1 year after the surgery, he was doing well.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗