Biomedical subjects

Fran Hagstrom

Publications and source records attributed to Fran Hagstrom.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Assessment of school discourse: is the PICAC an option?

UNLABELLED: This study examines the feasibility of using the Porch Index of Communicative Ability in Children (PICAC), a standardized test of general communication, as an out-of-setting school discourse evaluation tool. The rationale for considering the PICAC was based on the expectation that the test creates a teaching-learning context where materials, tasks, instructional talk and assistance reflect the practices that occur in traditional classrooms. The comparison of the PICAC test to full day school transcripts provided support for using the PICAC as a criterion reference measure that could facilitate sharing of information and results among professionals and could promote use of classroom learning processes more individualized to a particular student. LEARNING OUTCOMES: The reader will be able to: (1) describe school discourses and (2) describe similarities between PICAC administration and classroom instruction.

Aptitude↗

PubMed2006

A qualitative study of how African American men who stutter attribute meaning to identity and life choices.

UNLABELLED: To date, few studies have explored the life experience of people who stutter. In addition, few qualitative studies have been conducted with people who stutter of historically disadvantaged race-ethnic groups. This study was designed to explore how African American men who stutter view communication, identity and life choices. A qualitative approach was used that focused on the life experiences of African American men who stutter. Six men who identified themselves as both African American and people who stutter participated in this study. The primary investigator conducted an initial 60 to 90 minute semistructured, videotaped interview with each participant. Transcriptions were made of these sessions, and analyzed for major and minor themes. Each participant returned approximately a week later to review the data analysis. Results indicated that the interaction of communication, ethnicity, and culture affected how the participants perceived themselves, their stuttering, and their life choices. EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES: The reader will be able to: (1) explain the importance of culture in the life experiences of people who stutter, (2) discuss how qualitative methodology can be clinically useful when working with people who stutter, and (3) describe the major themes associated with the six participants in this study.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Talk and task mastery: the importance of socially shared talk during computer-based problem solving.

In order to examine more closely the ways that children use socially constructed dialogue to mediate task mastery a hierarchical set of computer tasks were presented in an animated game format (ToonTalk) to three adult/child (US Kindergarten) dyads over five sessions. Transcriptions of the adult-child talk were used to determine (1) the types of discourses utilized by the children (i.e., procedural, conversation, narrative) during problem solving and (2) the relationship of this talk to task mastery. It was found that (1) shared talk was associated with more successful problem solving; (2) socially shared talk did not have to be on task to be beneficial; and (3) procedural discourse was more successfully and frequently used for independent problem solving if first requested by the child. These results highlight the importance of socially shared talk in the development of problem solving strategies even when using computer technology.

Adult↗