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France

Publications and source records attributed to France.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Law No. 88-16, 5 January 1988.

Among other things, this Law extends the scope of social protection granted to mothers In France. It seeks to ensure that women who stay at home to bring up their families are not penalized in any way and to encourage such women to have a third child. The following are among measures of the Law: 1) entitlement to receive benefits in kind from the sickness insurance scheme in the event of divorce or the death of the spouse was previously restricted to a limited period (one year, extended until the date of the third birthday of the last child); it is now granted without limit of time and without charge, in the event of either contingency, to single parents aged 45 or over who have, or have had, three or more dependent children; 2) the possibility for any parent with dependent children residing in France and not engaging in any occupational activity to join the voluntary old-age pension scheme has now been extended to cover invalidity; the contributions payable (which may be deducted from family allowances) will be calculated on the basis of the minimum guaranteed wage (SMIC); 3) reversionary pensions of widows between ages 55 and 65 who have dependent children are to be increased by a uniform amount, set at 400 francs per month and adjustable; and 4) periods of maternity leave will be taken into account in the determination of seniority rights within an enterprise, particularly in the context of notice of dismissal (half of all periods of parental educational leave were already taken into account).

Aid to Families with Dependent Children↗
PubMed1988

Order determining the clinical laboratories and categories of persons having an exclusive right to carry out prenatal diagnostic procedures, 12 April 1988.

Sections 1-2 of this French Order read as follows: "1. Procedures in the field of cytogenetics and pathology for a prenatal diagnosis performed on an unborn child may be carried out only by clinical laboratories included on a list drawn up by the Minister responsible for Health after taking the opinion of the National Standing Commission on Medical Biology. 2. The procedures in the field of cytogenetics referred to in Section 1 of this Order may be carried out only by laboratories having at least one director or assistant director able to establish that he has received training in human cytogenetics. Pathology procedures in connection with a prenatal diagnosis may be carried out only by laboratories having at least one director or assistant director, who is a physician or pharmacist, able to establish that he has qualifications and practical experience in this field. The training in human cytogenetics and the qualifications and practical experience in pathology referred to in the preceding paragraphs shall be submitted for the opinion of the National Commission on Medicine and Reproductive Biology and the National Standing Commission on Medical Biology."

Biology↗
PubMed1988

Circular on prenatal examinations of unborn children in the laboratories of public hospital establishments and in clinical laboratories, 12 April 1988.

This Circular is addressed to the French regional and departmental authorities responsible for health and social affairs. It clarifies the present situation regarding the prenatal diagnosis of certain defects or serious or fatal deformations of the fetus. It specifies the reasons for regulation of this field and defines the conditions in which a prenatal diagnosis may be carried out in the public and private sectors. Various annexes are appended providing, among others, a standard form for the record of the prenatal diagnosis and the list of laboratories carrying out prenatal diagnoses of chromosome defects drawn up on 1 March 1988.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1988

Law No. 88-1138 on the protection of persons participating in biomedical research, 20 December 1988.

Provisions of this French Law relating to biomedical research performed on pregnant women and children are as follows: "Article L. 209-4. Research without direct therapeutic objectives on pregnant or breast-feeding women shall not be permitted unless there is no foreseeable risk to the health of the woman or of the child and it is relevant to knowledge of phenomena associated with pregnancy or breast-feeding. Article L. 209-6. Minors, majors subject to guardianship, persons staying in a health or welfare establishment, and patients constituting emergency cases may not be requested to participate in biomedical research unless direct benefit for their health may be anticipated. Nevertheless, research without direct therapeutic objectives may be permitted if the following three conditions are met: such research does not entail any serious foreseeable risk to the health of such persons; it is of benefit to persons displaying the same characteristics of age, disease, or disability; and it cannot be carried out otherwise. Article L. 209-10. If biomedical research is carried out on minors, or on majors subject to guardianship: consent shall be given in accordance with the rules laid down in Article L. 209-9 of this Code by the persons entitled to exercise parental authority on behalf of unemancipated minors. In the case of minors or majors subject to guardianship, consent may be given by the guardian to research with direct therapeutic objectives not involving any serious foreseeable risk and in other cases by the guardian authorized by the Family Council or the judge supervising guardianship; and the consent of the minor or of the major subject to guardianship shall also be sought if he is capable of exercising judgment. His refusal or revocation of consent may not be disregarded."

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Law No. 86-844 relating to New Caledonia, 17 July 1986.

Among other things, this Law creates an Agency for Rural Development and Land Management in New Caledonia. The Agency is authorized to acquire by private sale or pre-emption land suitable for farming, livestock, and forestry in order to manage it in a more valuable way and grant it back to individuals or groups or grant use rights over it. If the land is granted to a local group, the group has the choice of holding it according to customary law. The Agency may also give a lifetime indemnity to any agricultural worker over 55 years old who stops using land situated in certain defined zones, or give persons using land in such zones a grant for relocation if they exchange that land for land outside these zones.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1988

Decree No. 88-59 for the implementation of Articles L. 162-8 and L. 162-9 of the Public Health Code and concerning public hospital establishments required to carry out voluntary terminations of pregnancy, 18 January 1988.

This Decree relates to Decree Number 80-284 of 17 April 1980 on the classification of public and private establishments that provide hospital services to the public and repeals Decree Number 82-826 of 27 February 1982 for the implementation of Article L. 168 of the French Public Health Code. Section 1 specifies the categories of public establishments required to have facilities for the voluntary termination of pregnancy, that is, 1) regional hospital centers, 2) general hospital centers, and 3) other public hospital establishments with a surgical or obstetrical unit, with the exception of specialized hospital centers.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1988

Order on the guidance file provided for in Article L. 162-3 of the Public Health Code, 29 December 1987.

Guidance files (dossiers-guides) are intended for physicians practicing in the department; in public and private hospital establishments; in family planning and family education centers; in establishments providing family information, advice, or education; in social services; and in other agencies approved by French departmental authorities responsible for health and welfare matters. The Annex sets out, on the one hand, conditions for voluntary termination of pregnancy (the legislation on voluntary termination of pregnancy, procedures to be followed, medical data, consultations following voluntary termination of pregnancy and contraception, and the costs of termination of pregnancy) and, on the other, the availability of assistance for women deciding to carry their pregnancy to term.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1988

Decree No. 88-328 establishing the National Commission on Medicine and Reproductive Biology, 8 April 1988.

This Decree has been made in pursuance of certain provisions of French Law Number 70-1318 of 31 December 1970 on the reform of the hospital system, as amended. Section 1 establishes the Commission on Medicine and Reproductive Biology; it consists of two Sections, viz., the Section for Prenatal Diagnosis and the Section for Medically Assisted Procreation. Sections 2-5 specify the members of these Sections, which comprise ex officio members and members appointed by the Minister responsible for Health. Sections 6-13 deal with the functions and working procedures of the Commission, the former Section being consulted for decisions taken by the Minister responsible for Health concerning the practice of examinations carried out in connection with prenatal diagnosis and the latter Section being consulted on the issue, suspension, or withdrawal of the license referred to in Section 2 of Decree Number 88-327 of 8 April 1988 and on granting of exemptions as referred to in Section 7 of that Decree. Section 11 lays down that the Minister is to transmit to the Commission reports and documents, particularly of a statistical nature, concerning the practice of prenatal diagnosis and activities involved in medically assisted procreation.

Consumer Product Safety↗