Comment: pharmacist critique was ill-informed.
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Contraception, Postcoital↗
Biomedical subjects
Fredric A Lombardo
Publications and source records attributed to Fredric A Lombardo.
Extravasation of chemotherapeutic agents: prevention and treatment.
Most chemotherapeutic agents can cause varying degrees of local tissue injuries when extravasated. The medical treatment of extravasation is based on proper maintenance of the intravenous (IV) line and application of cold or warm compresses, plus the use of antidotes when available. Antidotes for extravasation that have been shown to be useful are sodium thiosulfate for nitrogen mustard, dimethylsulfoxide for anthracyclines and mitomycin, and hyaluronidase for the vinca alkaloids. New treatments include dexrazoxane, sargramostim, and hyperbaric oxygen for doxorubicin extravasations. Tissue damage secondary to drug infiltration occurs as a result of one of two major mechanisms: (1) the drug is absorbed by local cells in the tissue and binds to critical structures (eg, DNA, microtubules), causing cell death; and (2) the drug does not bind to cellular DNA. Damage to immediately adjacent tissue is more readily neutralized than is damage to surrounding tissue.
Animals↗
National patterns of dementia treatment among elderly ambulatory patients.
PURPOSES: To assess patterns of dementia/Alzheimer's disease (AD) management and to investigate predictive factors of cholinesterase inhibitor prescriptions. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a national survey among the elderly aged >60 from 2000 to 2002. Visit characteristics and cholinesterase inhibitor prescriptions associated with dementia/AD status were evaluated. MAIN FINDINGS: A total of 25,561 visit records were identified. Of the total visits, only 0.6% had dementia/AD records. Most of the dementia/AD visits were made by women (60.6%) and white patients (93.5%). Of the dementia/AD visits, about half (46.5%) were prescribed with one or more cholinesterase inhibitors. Donepezil was the most prevalent agent (68.0%) followed by rivastigmine (26.0%). Logistic regression analyses indicated that the physician's specialty was a strong predictor for cholinesterase inhibitor prescription; psychiatrists [odds ratio (OR)=5.5; p<0.01] and neurologists (OR=2.6; p<0.03) were more likely to prescribe cholinesterase inhibitor than other physicians. Other characteristics including race did not show significant association. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings suggest that physicians who specialized in psychiatry and neurology predominantly provided ambulatory care services for dementia patients. More efforts should be given to detect and to treat dementia patients with cognitive-enhancing agents after the formal diagnosis in the ambulatory care setting.
Aged↗