Biomedical subjects

Fuminobu Kuroda

Publications and source records attributed to Fuminobu Kuroda.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Inhibitory effects of polyphenols on gastric injury by Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori induces gastric damage and may be involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. H. pylori-vacuolating cytotoxin, VacA, is one of the important virulence factors, and is responsible for H. pylori-induced gastritis and ulceration. The aim of this study is to assess whether several naturally occurring polyphenols inhibit VacA activities in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Effects of polyphenols on VacA were quantified by the inhibition of: 1, vacuolation; 2, VacA binding to AZ-521 or G401 cells or its receptors; 3, VacA internalization. Effects of hop bract extract (HBT) containing high molecular weight polymerized catechin on VacA in vivo were investigated by quantifying gastric damage after oral administration of toxins to mice. RESULTS: HBT had the strongest inhibitory activity among the polyphenols investigated. HBT inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner: 1, VacA binding to its receptors, RPTP(alpha) and RPTP(beta); 2, VacA uptake; 3, VacA-induced vacuolation in susceptible cells. In addition, oral administration of HBT with VacA to mice reduced VacA-induced gastric damage at 48 hours. In vitro, VacA formed a complex with HBT. CONCLUSIONS: HBT may suppress the development of inflammation and ulceration caused by H. pylori VacA, suggesting that HBT may be useful as a new type of therapeutic agent for the prevention of gastric ulcer and inflammation caused by VacA.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2002

[Clinical review of pneumothorax cases complicated with active pulmonary tuberculosis].

Pneumothorax is an important and dangerous complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. Forty-six pneumothorax cases complicated with active pulmonary tuberculosis at National Chiba-Higashi Hospital were studied retrospectively. From Jan. 1987 to Dec. 1997, we experienced 3611 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and among them 46 patients (18-90 years old, 38 males and 8 females) had pneumothorax. On admission, 33 out of 46 cases (71.7%) were smear positive by sputum examination of mycobacteria and 41 out of 46 cases (89.1%) had cavitary lesions on chest X-ray. Eleven cases had mild pneumothorax, thirty-two had moderate, and three had severe. Pneumothorax was present on admission in 23 patients and developed during treatment for tuberculosis in the other 23 patients. Eleven patients were treated with bed rest alone, four were thoracentesis and aspiration, twenty-four were intrathoracic tube drainage and seven were operated. Thirty-one patients were recovered, but fifteen passed away, among them 13 due to respiratory failure. The Prognostic nutritional index (PNI; 10 x serum albumin concentration +0.005 x peripheral lymphocyte count) which was proposed by Onodera, serum albumin level and Body mass index were lower in the fatal group than in the survival group. We consider these indices are useful to evaluate the prognosis of active tuberculosis patients complicated with pneumothorax.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[A study on far-advanced cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis cases].

In cases with far-advanced cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis, the most serious lesions according to the chest X-ray classification by the Japanese Society of Tuberculosis (b I 3), their prognosis is believed to be poor due to their emaciated general conditions, and a retrospective clinical study was made on these cases admitted to our hospital. The subjects consisted of 95 cases, and among them 87 were male and 8 were female, and their mean age was 49.5 +/- 13.0 years. Eighty four cases were detected by symptomatic visits to clinics, 10 cases during their treatment for other diseases, and 1 case was discovered accidentally. Sputum examination for acid fast bacilli was all smear positive. As to their social background, the majority were occupied by socially vulnerable groups; 31 cases (32.6%) were jobless on admission, 24 cases (25.3%) were day laborers, and 25 cases (26.3%) were receiving poor relief. Regarding their general condition on admission, 40 cases were very serious and they could not stand by themselves, and their nutritional conditions were poor, and 19 cases (20%) died during hospitalization. All of them were male, and they were found by symptomatic visit to clinics. The period from hospital admission to death was short, the average was 35.0 +/- 39.8 days, and the median was 11.0 days. Among 84 patients detected by symptomatic visit, the patient's delay was 5.5 +/- 5.0 months, while the doctor's delay was 0.3 +/- 0.9 months. Major cause of late detection at advanced stage of these cases was patient's delay which caused poor prognosis of these cases, and various measures to shorten the delay in case-detection must be taken.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[A case of perforative peritonitis complicated with lung and intestinal severe tuberculosis].

A 27-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in September 18, 2000, complaining of fever, cough, appetite loss and body weight loss. He was diagnosed as advanced lung tuberculosis, because of chest X-ray findings and positive acid-fast bacilli in his sputum. He was administrated rifampicin (RFP), isoniazid (INH) and ethambutol (EB). Two days after starting treatment he complained of abdominal pain and the signs of perforating peritonitis. Emergency laparotomy was performed and we observed multiple ulcers and a perforation of ileum. We resected a part of distal ileum and ascending colon and made ileostomy. Histopathologic examination of resected ileum and colon showed multiple ulcers and epithelioid cell granulomas with caseous necrosis. Many acid bacilli were identified from the lesion by specially stained tissue sections. He was administrated streptomycin and INH by injection post-operatively while oral administration was impossible. Six days after the first operation, we found the signs of perforation in another part of the ileum. So we were obliged to perform second laparotomy and resect the part involved. Five days after the second operation, he was able to take RFP, INH, and levofloxacin per oral route. On February 8, 2001 we performed ileocolonal reconstruction with side to side anastomosis and closed ileostomy at the third laparotomy. He had continued chemotherapy and went back to Korea in April 7, 2001. Although intestinal tuberculosis has sharply declined in Japan thanks to development of effective antituberculous drugs, we should keep in mind that it could be a possible cause of the acute abdomen.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[A study on low performance status cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly].

The subjects consisted of 42 patients aged over 60 years, whose performance status (PS) was grade 3 or 4, and who had been admitted for pulmonary tuberculosis at National Chiba-Higashi Hospital between 1997 and 1998. The average age (+/- SD) of the 34 men and 8 women was 77.6 (+/- 8.5) years (range, 60-91 years). The mean stay in the hospital of the improved patients was 166.6 days (range, 57-303 days), and the mean survival period from admission to death was 43.4 days (range, 2-179 days in died patients). On admission to our hospital, 26 cases were sputum smear positive, 8 cases were smear negative and culture positive, and 8 were negative both on smear and culture. The cavity was observed in 30 cases (71.4%) on the chest X-ray. The laboratory data on admission revealed low nutritional condition. The mean serum total protein, albumin, and cholesterol level on admission were 6.2 (+/- 0.82) g/dl, 2.7 (+/- 0.62) g/dl, and 143.0 (+/- 41.9) mg/dl. Most of the patients had a difficulty in taking foods, and 20 cases (47.6%) were performed parenteral nutrition by central venous catheter. 23 cases (54.8%) received oxygen therapy by facial mask or nasal tube. The most common cause of low PS on admission was pulmonary tuberculosis in 14 cases (33.3%), followed by cerebrovascular diseases in 11 cases, and orthopedic disease in 8 cases. The proportion of patients whose cause of low PS was not due to lung tuberculosis increased with age. Observing the mortality by the route of administration of antituberculosis medications on admission, 19 (55.9%) of 34 cases who could take drugs per oral route died. One (50.0%) of 2 cases who were administered drugs through gastric tube died, and all (100.0%) of 5 cases who could not take drugs per oral route and were injected isoniazid and streptomycin died. One case who could not administer any drug died. 16 cases improved and 26 cases died, of whom the most common cause of death was pulmonary tuberculosis in 11 cases (42.3%), followed by bacterial pneumonia in 5 cases, and cerebrovascular disease in 3 cases. The mortality by the PS on admission were as follows: 10 (47.6%) of 21 cases with PS 3 died. 16 (76.2%) of 21 cases with PS 4 died. 16 (6.4%) of 249 cases aged over 60 years with PS 0, 1 or 2, and were admitted for pulmonary tuberculosis at the same hospital during the same period died. This study confirms that the prognosis of low performance status patients of pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly was significantly poor. We have to detect tuberculosis patients in the early stage, and give them antituberculosis medications per oral route as far as possible.

Aged↗