Biomedical subjects

Fuminori Nakao

Publications and source records attributed to Fuminori Nakao.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Aging changes in apparent accommodation in eyes with a monofocal intraocular lens.

PURPOSE: To examine the aging changes in the amplitude of apparent accommodation in eyes with a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL). DESIGN: Prospective comparative observational study. METHODS: Two hundred eyes of 200 patients who were scheduled for phacoemulsification and monofocal IOL implantation were studied. Forty patients in each of five age groups-younger than 40 years of age or in their 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s-were prospectively recruited. Using an accommodopolyrecorder, the amplitude of apparent accommodation of these patients was measured approximately 1 month after surgery. Visual acuities from far to near distances after best-corrected distance were examined using an all-distance vision tester, and the region of accommodation at which each patient achieved a visual acuity of 20/29 or 20/40 was determined and converted to the diopteric range. Contrast sensitivity was also examined using a vision contrast test system. RESULTS: The amount of apparent accommodation as measured with the accommodopolyrecorder was decreased significantly in proportion to patient age (P <.0001). Furthermore, significant negative correlation was found between the amount of apparent accommodation and actual age of each patient (r = -.491). The diopteric range of accommodation at which the patients achieved 20/29 or 20/40 also reduced in proportion to the age. Although no significant differences were found in the mean far visual acuities between age groups, the intermediate and near visual acuities worsened significantly with age. The contrast sensitivity was also reduced in proportion to the age. CONCLUSIONS: The amplitude of apparent accommodation in eyes with a monofocal IOL decreases significantly in proportion to age, resulting in worsening of best-corrected intermediate and near visual acuities.

Accommodation, Ocular↗

PubMed2003

Correlation between posterior capsule opacification and visual function before and after Neodymium: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy.

PURPOSE: To investigate the correlation between visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and contrast sensitivity with glare source (glare sensitivity), and the degree of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) before and after neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy. DESIGN: Prospective interventional case series. METHODS: Eighty-four patients (90 pseudophakic eyes) scheduled to undergo Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy were recruited. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity with and without the presence of a circular glare source (using the contrast glare tester) were measured before and after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. The PCO density value was measured using a Scheimpflug videophotography system. The visual functions were statistically correlated with the PCO value. RESULTS: Before Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy, strong correlation existed between the PCO value and visual acuity (r = 0.728). Contrast sensitivity and glare sensitivity were also weakly correlated with the PCO value, but the correlation coefficients were smaller than that of visual acuity. After Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy, mean visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and glare sensitivity at all visual angles improved significantly (P <.0001). After capsulotomy, no significant correlation was found between visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, or glare sensitivity and the PCO value. CONCLUSIONS: Before Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy, visual functions correlated significantly with the degree of PCO. Specifically, visual acuity has a stronger association with PCO than does contrast sensitivity or glare sensitivity and therefore should be considered to reflect most accurately the degree of PCO. After capsulotomy, these visual functions improve markedly and no longer have a significant correlation with PCO.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Outcomes of surgery for posterior polar cataract.

PURPOSE: To report the preferred technique and the outcomes of surgery for posterior polar cataract. SETTING: Hayashi Eye Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. METHODS: Medical records of 28 eyes of 20 consecutive patients with posterior polar cataract who had cataract surgery were reviewed. The surgical techniques used, intraoperative complications, preoperative and postoperative visual acuities, and the causes of impaired visual acuity after surgery were examined. RESULTS: Of the 28 eyes, 25 (89.3%) with a small to medium posterior polar opacity had standard phacoemulsification or aspiration surgery. Two eyes (7.1%) with a large opacity and soft lens nucleus had pars plana lensectomy, and 1 eye (3.6%) with a large opacity and hard nucleus had intracapsular cataract extraction. Among the eyes having phacoemulsification or aspiration surgery, posterior capsule rupture occurred in 2 (7.1%). The mean visual acuity improved significantly after surgery (P <.0001); however, the postoperative visual acuity was worse than 20/20 in 7 eyes (25.0%). The cause of the low acuity was amblyopia in 4 eyes (14.3%), impaired foveal function after retinal detachment in 2 eyes (7.1%), and macular degeneration in 1 eye (3.6%). CONCLUSION: Posterior polar cataracts can be safely extracted if the appropriate surgical technique is selected. Visual acuity improved significantly in most cases, although some patients with a unilateral cataract had previously developed amblyopia.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus.

PURPOSE: To examine the degree of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes and in nondiabetic age-matched control patients. DESIGN: Case-control study. METHODS: The PCO density value in 100 consecutive diabetic patients and in 100 nondiabetic age-matched control patients who underwent cataract surgery was measured using a Scheimpflug videophotography system at 1 week and at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months after surgery. The incidence of neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy was also evaluated. Furthermore, the stage of diabetic retinopathy and systemic condition of the diabetes were correlated with the degree of PCO. RESULTS: No significant difference between the two groups was observed in the mean value of the PCO for up to 12 months after cataract surgery. However, at 18 months and later, the PCO value in the diabetic group increased significantly and was significantly greater than in the control group. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that diabetic patients were significantly more likely to require Nd:YAG capsulotomy than control patients (P =.0139, Mantel-Cox log rank test). Among the diabetic patients, there was no significant correlation of PCO value with the stage of retinopathy. Furthermore, type of treatment, duration of diabetes, and hemoglobin A(1C) did not correlate with the PCO value. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetic patients developed significantly greater PCO after cataract surgery than did nondiabetic patients, but among the diabetics, the stage of diabetic retinopathy and systemic status of the diabetes did not correlate with the degree of PCO.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Elapsed time for capsular apposition to intraocular lens after cataract surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To examine when the anterior and posterior lens capsule completely become apposed to optics of silicone and acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) implanted after cataract surgery and to determine whether the different IOL materials influence the timing of completion of capsular contact. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy eyes of 70 patients who were scheduled to undergo cataract surgery were randomly assigned to two groups using random number tables based on the type of IOL implanted: silicone or acrylic. Thirty-two patients in each group completed the follow-up. INTERVENTION: All eyes underwent phacoemulsification surgery with implantation of either a silicone or acrylic IOL. All IOLs were accurately placed into the capsular bag. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Contact of the anterior and posterior lens capsule with the IOL optic surface was evaluated using the Scheimpflug videophotography system at 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 21, and 28 days after surgery. The postoperative day at which each capsule was completely apposed to the IOL optic was determined. In addition, anterior chamber depth was also measured. RESULTS: The anterior capsule was in contact with the IOL optic on the same day or earlier than the posterior capsule in all patients. Complete apposition of the IOL was observed significantly earlier with silicone IOLs than with acrylic IOLs with both the anterior capsule (6.2 versus 3.6 postoperative days; P < 0.0001) and the posterior capsule (11.1 versus 7.4 postoperative days; P = 0.0339). No significant change in mean anterior chamber depth was observed with the silicone IOL, whereas there was significant anterior shift after implantation of the acrylic IOL. CONCLUSIONS: Capsular contact with the IOL optic is completed within approximately 8 days after cataract surgery with silicone IOLs and 11 days with acrylic IOLs. Complete apposition to both the anterior and posterior capsule was significantly earlier with silicone IOLs than with acrylic IOLs.

Acrylic Resins↗