Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G A Ignatenko.
Thyroid gland function was investigated in rats with experimental hyperuricemia. Data obtained indicate that dyshormonal changes are secondary ones and their development depends on the state of purine metabolism. Administration of allopyrinol, an uric acid depressant drug, improved thyroid gland function.
Gout belongs to often-occurring rheumatic pathologies and its incidence among the male population of Europe has been rapidly increasing during the recent years. The pathogenesis of the disease is insufficiently studied and the existing methods of pathogenetic therapy are low effective. The disease pathogenesis with regard for dishormonal disorders has been recently under discussion. 107 patients with primary gout and 70 white outbred male rats were examined. Disorders in the hypophysis-gonad system (i.e. hyperproduction of progesterone, and suppression of the synthesis of testosterone and estradiol, which are to a great extent typical for patients with chronic arthritis and with nephropathy of the proteinuric type) developed in men with gout. Similar changes were provoked experimentally by purine-exchange violations, which is indicative of their secondary nature. An exogenous administration of androgens at experimental hyperuricemy led to the normalization of purine exchange and of blood hormones, it also ensured an alleviation of pronounced morphological signs of arthritis. The application of testosterone and its analogues for people exceeds, by their effectiveness, the known treatment methods.
The laboratory tests of the urine is of a great importance in the modern clinical practice. The detection and examination of peculiarities as well as of quantitative and qualitative parameters of erythrocyturia plays a significant role in the diagnostic tactic of practitioner.
A total of 107 patients with primary gout were examined. The pituitary-gonadal system is imbalanced in male patients with gout, which manifests by hyperproduction of progesterone and suppressed production of testosterone and estradiol. These changes are more pronounced in patients with chronic arthritis and proteinuric nephropathy. Similar dyshormonal changes are experimentally simulated in rats by induction of purine metabolism disorders. Exogenous injection of androgens in experimental hyperuricemia led to normalization of purine metabolism and hormonal homeostasis.
AIM: To try polyenzyme drug vobenzim in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 174 CGN patients were randomized into 2 groups. The study group of 39 patients received conventional pathogenetic treatment plus vobenzim (initial dose 18-24, maintenance 12-15 dragees a day). Control group of 135 patients were given only pathogenetic therapy. 67 patients appeared ineligible. RESULTS: 3-6 months after the treatment the response was seen in 61.5% patients of the study and 17.8% patients of the control group. Side effects of vobenzim in CGN treatment were absent. CONCLUSION: Enzyme therapy with vobenzim in CGN is safe and effective.
The studies covered serum levels of total and ionized calcium (Ca), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitriol (Ctr) and calcitonin (Ct) in miners assigned to various occupational groups and suffering from deforming osteoarthrosis. Ratio of calcium clearance to glomerular filtration rate was assessed. Ionized Ca appeared to decrease along with increase of PTH and Ctr. Changes in Ca homeostasis were proved to depend on occupation, geologic conditions in the mines (depth, ambient temperature of the workplace), presence of chondrocalcinosis.
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The authors revealed heart failure in 7 of 216 patients with gout. Two of them showed isolated mitral valve insufficiency and two patients aortal insufficiency while combined aortal disease, combination of mitral and aortal insufficiency and combined mitral valve disease with aortal insufficiency occurred each in 1 patient. One could not find distinct dependence between the clinical variant of the course of gout and development of a definite heart failure. Clinical and electrocardiographic signs of the revealed kinds of cardiac abnormalities are described. The morphological changes of the valves are described on the basis of 2 autopsy cases. The possible mechanism of development of podagric heart failures is discussed.
Renal lesion deteriorates the course and prognosis of gouty glomerulonephritis. Current pathogenetic therapy is not sufficiently effective. Effects of different treatments on morphological and functional manifestations of renal disorders in experimental gouty glomerulonephritis are reviewed.
Analysis of clinical-roentgen-laboratory features of the course of hereditarily determined gout in 74 patients is represented. It is exhibited that hereditarily induced gout begins at the young age and is accompanied by the acute disturbance of purine exchange resulting in serious relapsing course of the articular (with availability of radiological attributes of osteal destruction) and the renal syndromes (urate nephrolithiasis, immune complex glomerulonephritis, tubulointerstitional nephritis) as well as in the early occurrence and rapidly progressing chronic renal insufficiency. The disease is accompanied by high frequency of the cardiovascular pathologies negatively influencing the mean lifetime of patients.
Male patients with gout exhibit a decrease in the blood content of testosterone and estradiol and an increase in the content of progesterone. The amount of androgen and estrogen changed insignificantly but the level of gestagen abruptly dropped in female patients. Irrespective of the sex the concentration of lutropine and follitropine appeared to be decreased. Whereas the level of uric acid in men was in inverse relation to the production of estradiol, in the group of women--to the indices of progesteron. Changes in sex hormones depended on the form of arthritis and the type of nephropathy.
An immunologic evaluation was done in healthy miners and those working in coal mines suffering from deforming osteoarthrosis. Blood levels of beta 2-microglobulin and circulating immune complexes, titres of antibodies to glycosaminoglycans and antigens from cartilaginous tissue and synovial membrane were all found to be elevated. Shifts in the immunity system were clearly related to the spread of the pathological process as well as the rate of the disease progression and presence of reactive synovitis but not with occupation of the patients. Clinico-immunologic manifestations of osteoarthrosis were unfavourably influenced by industrial mining-geological factors.
Coal miners suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), deforming osteoarthrosis (OA) and gouty arthritis (GA) were found to develop hypotestosteronemia in a study on the condition of the hypophysis-and-gonads system, this being observed even in essentially healthy individuals. With all arthronoses, androgen levels get depressed, particularly so in the presence of increased activity of lutropin. In RA examenees blood concentration of estradiol tends to increase, while OA and GA miners demonstrate reduced content of estrogen, with manifest hyperprogesteronemia being common. Hormonal dysbalance correlates with gravity of the course of the inflammatory-degenerative processes in the locomotor system.
The role of changes in biogenic amines neurochemistry in cerebral structures in abnormal immunoreactivity accompanying development of autoimmune disease was investigated in experiments on 24 Wistar male rats. Biogenic amines and their metabolites (dopamine, dioxyphenylacetic acid, serotonin, oxyindolacetic acid) were assays in the sensomotor cortex, hypothalamus and hippocamp by means of high-performance liquid chromatography. Development of adjuvant arthritis was associated with definite neurochemical changes in the brain: inhibition of serotonin metabolism and enhancement of dopaminergic systems in the hypothalamus and sensomotor cortex. Prophylactic administration of oil solution D,L-alpha-tocopherol acetate promoted enhancement of serotonin metabolism in hypothalamic and hippocampal neurons. Bitemporal exposure to UHF electric field aroused stronger effects on the neurochemical metabolism in hypothalamic, hippocampal and sensomotor cortex neurons than TPA. It is concluded that bitemporal exposure to UHF electric field and antioxidant activate central immunoreactivity mechanisms in animals with adjuvant arthritis. Serotonin and dopamine systems in this process are leading.