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Biomedical subjects

G A Ivanichev

Publications and source records attributed to G A Ivanichev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

The polysynaptic spine-stem reflex in clinical neurology.

Data from 25 years of studies of the spinobulbospinal (SBS) reflex in normal conditions and in a variety of nervous system diseases with lesions of the afferent and efferent systems, subcortical brain formations, and musculature (contracture of the expressive muscles, myofascial pain syndrome) are presented. The instability of many characteristics of the reflex (latency, amplitude, duration of response, presence) is shown to characterize this reflex in normal conditions. These measures become more stable in central nervous system pathology, which is evidence for impairment of programs which construct and execute movements. Lesions of the peripheral neuromotor apparatus produced no significant changes in the characteristics of the SBS reflex.

Electromyography↗
PubMed2002

[Brain somatosensory evoked potentials in myofascial pain syndromes].

Brain somatosensory evoked potentials were studied in 113 patients with chronic myofascial pains. Comparing to milder pain, pronounced pain syndrome revealed more significant functional changes (generators for pathologically enhanced excitability), on higher levels of nervous system. At the same time, in milder pain, a large quantity of low activity generators were detected that may indicate subnormal antinociceptive system activity. After treatment, the number of generators of pathologically enhanced excitation decreased significantly with migration to caudal nerve system regions. These changes may be a neurophysiological basis for myofascial pain exacerbations.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Spinal-bulbo-spinal polysynaptic reflex in clinical neurology].

The data of 25-year study on "bulbar" spinal reflex (BSR) in health and different neurological diseases with afferent and efferent system damages, subcortical brain lesions and muscle lesions (mimic muscle contracture, myofascial pain syndrome are presented). The instability of the majority of the reflex characteristics (latency, amplitude, response duration, display) was shown to be its key feature in normal conditions. In a case of central nervous system pathology, stabilization of these parameters takes place that evidence for defect in the movement programming and performance. In damaging peripheral sections of neuromotor system, any substantial BSR characteristics changes were not detected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Fibromyalgia (generalized tendomyopathy): defect of a program of movements and their realization].

It was established that fulfillment of any motor action implies a design of the program of action in CNS and its realization by peripheral elements of locomotor system. A program includes an acceptor of the result of action and efferent synthesis on a central level (parietal-premotor area, pallidostriatal system, lymbico-reticular complex, ex cetera). A very motor act is realized by the activity of a segmental apparatus of the spinal cord and skeletal muscles. Acceptor of the result of action provides a control of the coincidence between afferent parameters of the result of an action and its real characteristics by means of the reverse feed-back (P.K. Anokhin, 1975). Incoordination of its parameters is a condition for the existence of a physiologic functional system for the construction of the necessary movement, while a coincidence of their indices resulted in the disintegration of this system. Appearance of myofascicular hypertonus in this system distorts a real parameters of the movement because of a deficit and imbalance of the proprioception in a segmental apparatus and central formations. A proprioceptive desafferentation promotes disinhibition of the neurons and formation of the generators of pathologically increased irritation with positive feed-back on rubro-segmental (A), pallido-thalamic (B), strio-piramidal (C) and parietal-premotor (D) levels of the construction of the movement according to N.A. Bernshtein (1966). Its appearance on the B and C levels prevents destruction of the physiologic system of organization after realization of its activity and promotes its reformation into the pathologic one. It manifested clinically in appearance of a pathologic dynamic stereotype. Additional integration of lymbico-reticular complex, and high centers of autonomic supplement into this system promotes a formation of the stable neurotic, depressive reactions and autonomic disorders. Such reactions are transitory and have adaptive character at normal program of construction and fulfillment of the motion, while at pathologic one they have desadaptive character. Clinically they are known as multiple psychoautonomic syndromes combined with muscular, fascial and ligamental pains of different location.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1991

[Combined treatment of myodystonic pain syndromes by manual therapy and acupuncture].

Combination of manual therapy (++post-isometric relaxation) and acupuncture in the treatment of myodystonic syndromes is based from the standpoint of realization of the neurophysiological components of the pathogenesis of myofascicular hypertonus. The controlled afferent flow created by ++post-isometric relaxation and acupuncture exerts a varying effect on the structural and functional levels of the nervous system. The therapeutic effect of manual therapy is realized at the special segmental level, that of acupuncture with participation of the suprasegmental systems.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1990

[The nature of an early component of the trigemino-facial (perioral) reflex].

A study was made of an early reflex response of the perioral muscle. The marginal branch of the facial nerve was irritated with electric stimuli in the mode of supramaximal stimulation for the M-response, and the leading of the responses was performed with needle electrodes. After the M-response with the latency of 7.5--15 ms one could record discharges not exceeding, when normal, the amplitude of the M-response, depending, like the M-response, on the position of the stimulating electrode above the branch of the facial nerve. In patients with derangement of the central motoneuron of the facial nerve and in those with the akinetic -rigid syndrome, the amplitude of the discharges did not surpass the M-response. The conclusion is made that these discharges, known in the literature as an early component of trigemino-facial++ (perioral) reflex, present an antidromal response of motoneurons of the facial nerve nucleus.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

[Myofascicular hypertonia as a generator of peripheral determinant structure].

The reflex nature of the myofascicular hypertonus (MFH) is evidenced. This is a consequence of the changes in muscular contractile activity. Local, segmental and suprasegmental motor control structures participate in the MFH pathogenesis. MFH generates a perifheral determinant structure. It is capable of substantially changing the manifestations of spastic torticollis++ and syringomyelia. MFH is a major factor of the secondary contracture in the face muscles. It is important in muscular tonic manifestations in spondylogenic neurologic disorders. Postisometric relaxation (manual therapy) provides a means of pathogenetic treatment for MFH.

Contracture↗
PubMed1986

[Manual therapy of secondary contractures of the facial musculature].

The authors have developed a technique of manual therapy of mimic muscles contracture secondary to facial neuritis. The therapy is based on a combination of isometric work of the facial muscles against the external pressure created by the physician's hand pressed onto the patient's cheek in the oral cavity with passive extension of the contracture-altered muscles. The effect of post-isometric relaxation is expressed in complete elimination of facial muscle painfulness and of a feeling of tightening.

Contracture↗
PubMed1985

[Alternating-discrete tonometry in evaluating the efficacy of post-isometric relaxation of local muscle hypertonia].

A technique of tonometry of the local muscular hypertonus has been developed. Its essence lies in the registration of muscle deformation in response to the external exertion varying from 0 to 5 kg. The detected changes in the tonus are expressed in a graphic form. A session of postisometric relaxation is followed by an increase in the muscle tonus for a brief interval, succeeded by its stable decrease over 24-48 hours. The results obtained are discussed in terms of changing proprioceptive afferentation.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnostic significance of the spinal-brain stem polysynaptic reflex and the period of inhibition].

Electrical stimulation of the radial nerve associated with voluntary contraction of the shoulder girdle inhibited bioelectrical activity not only in the muscles of the hypothenar but also in the proximal muscles. In resting muscles, such stimulation elicited a reflex response with a large latent period. With weak voluntary tension stimulation elicited a reflex response while in the presence of considerable contraction the reflex response merged with bioelectrical activity, with a clearly demonstrable subsequent period of inhibition. The current viewpoint about the antidromal blockade of the segmental motoneurons is debated. It is suggested that the polysynaptic reflex and the inhibition period are connected with the same level of realization -- the oral portions of the brain stem.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1983

[Humeroscapular periarthrosis in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia].

Neuro-orthopedic and electrophysiological studies in 122 patients with post-insult hemiplegia underlie the authors' conclusion of shoulder pains peripheral origin. According to the authors' data these patients have humeroscapular periarthrosis formed as a result of cerebral and peripheral damages, including neck osteochondrosis. Fixing shoulder adductors are shown to become originally "numb" because of constant tonic impulsation damages. The mechanisms of this state are supposed to be connected with trophic changes and demand further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Functional status of cervical segments of the spinal cord in patients with local muscle hypertonia].

The reflex response of shoulder girdle muscles to stimulation of the ulnar nerve was registered with the use of needle electrodes. The M- and F-responses of the hand muscles were registered simultaneously. The reflex response had a polysynaptic character, and was not constant in the form, amplitude, and latent period. In healthy subjects the polysynaptic response is registered more often in humerus adductors. In the presence of local painful hypertonicity of the muscles the reflex response was registered in all cases. The intensity of the pain syndrome was inversely proportional to the duration of the latent period. The method described can be used for objective assessment of the time course of the pain syndrome and for forecasting the formation of reflex syndromes of cervical osteochondrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Role of the muscle factor in the pathogenesis of painful forms of syringomyelia].

On the basis of examining the disease histories of patients with syringomyelia it was found that in 68.7% of the cases the disease began from algic manifestations. Under observation there were 48 patients with syringomyelia who complained of pains in the neck and the upper extremities. A connection between the algic syndrome and the pathology of the vertebral column cervical division was noted. It was local myopathosis which was found to be the principle factor causing the algic manifestations. It was discovered even in patients who had no cervical osteochondrosis. When the deep was discovered even in patients who had no cervical osteochondrosis. When the deep sensitivity was affected the myopathoses could not be determined. The myopathoses were characterized electromyographically by the presence of constant bioelectrical activity registered by needle electrodes. In the spectrum of motor unit activity shortened and prolonged potentials were revealed simultaneously. The regional circulatory changes in the upper extremities were found to be connected to a considerable extent with the intensity of the algic manifestations in local myopathoses. Segmental message is an effective means for eliminating the local myopathoses.

Arm↗
PubMed1980

[Dynamics of the clinico-electromyographic indices of secondary contracture of the mimetic muscles in neuritis of the facial nerve (role of myogelosis)].

Clinical and electromyographic examinations of the mimic muscles were carried out in 24 patients with facial neuritis. A method of kinesthetic palpation of the mimic muscles has been developed, which has enabled one to reveal pathological infiltrations (myogeloses) in 13 patients with secondary contractures. In 6 patients the emergence and development of the myogeloses before the appearance of distinct symptoms of the facial muscle contractures were followed. In the course of these examinations clinico-electromyographic comparisons were made that gave the authors an opportunity to specify the role of the myogeloses in the formation of principal symptoms of initial manifestations of the post-neuritic contractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Electromyography in spastic torticollis].

The EMG characteristics of convulsive activity in the sternocleidomastoid muscle in spastic torticollis vary in different stages of the disease. At the onset of the disease, the bioelectric muscle activity which accomplishes an involuntary turn of the head is registered. Eventually, as the morbid areas of myopathosis are formed in the "active" muscles and muscles preventing an involuntary turn, the electrogenesis of the latter becomes dominating. It is assumed that at the basis of this phenomenon lies a lowering of the excitation threshold in the neuromotor apparatus in the respective group of muscles with an appearance of a peripheral subordinating factor.

Adult↗