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Biomedical subjects

G A Raimondi

Publications and source records attributed to G A Raimondi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Survey among chest physicians regarding the diagnosis and management of asthma].

A survey on asthma management was conducted in 300 chest physicians randomized from a national list. Diagnosis procedures, methods for recognizing life-threatening asthma attacks and patient education about his or her disease were reviewed. Ninety-eight responses were obtained (32.7% of the questionnaires mailed). 71% of the responders were specialized in respiratory medicine (RM), 12% in RM + Internal Medicine (IM), 6% in RM + Allergy (A), 5% in A, 4% in IM, and 2% in IM + A. As a diagnostic test, immediate response to bronchodilator was seldom used and a trial course of oral steroids was even less used. Blood eosinophilia and specific IgE RAST were frequently used and more than in other compared countries in spite of its doubtfulness for the diagnosis of asthma. Severity of asthma attack was assessed less than in other countries in relation to symptoms, lack of response to inhaled bronchodilators and with practically no use of any objective method for the assessment of airways obstruction (PEFR). The latter was seldom employed for chronic control of the disease. The assessment of the correct technique of metered dose inhaler or dry powder inhaler use was rarely done. Only the questions referred to patient education about their disease, teaching about the difference between relieving (bronchodilator) and anti-inflammatory treatment, communication to the patient about the severity of his or her disease and the frequency of giving a written action plan in case of severe asthma attacks qualified equal or better than countries that always qualified well. These responses, together with other data of the literature, makes us suspect, as is common in these audits, that the interviewed person sometimes replies what he or she should do, but not necessarily what he or she does.

Argentina↗
PubMed1998

[Survey of medical specialists regarding bronchial asthma treatment].

A survey about asthma management was conducted in a group of 300 chest physicians randomized from a list of the whole country. This paper dealt with the questions about treatment in acute asthma and during maintenance therapy in adults and in children older than 6 years. Of the questionnaires mailed, 98 responses were obtained (32.7%)); 71% of the responders were respiratory medicine specialists (RM), 12% RM + Internal Medicine (IM), 6% in RM + Allergy (A), 5% in A, 4% in IM and 2% in IM + A. For the treatment of acute severe episodes 57.5% of the physicians chose nebulized or inhaled beta agonists (IBA) as the first choice for adults and 63.4% for children, parenteral steroids 26.3% in adults and 22.5% in children. For maintenance therapy, the first choice formulation was IBA for adults in 37.6% of the responders and inhaled steroid (IS) in 34.1% of them. In children, 34.7% of the responders choose IBA, 25.3% cromoglicate or nedocromil and 14.7% IS. IBA were prescribed more commonly for treating symptoms, secondly for preventing symptoms and in third place for continuous preventive treatment in adults and in children. The recommendation of IBA for treating and preventing symptoms were more commonly done in children. The average normal daily dose of IS was 297 and 254 micrograms for adults and children, respectively. The average maximal dose was 1176 and 618 micrograms for adults and children, respectively. The recommendation of hyposensitization for allergic asthma was, as mean score of frequency of use (from 0 = never to 3 = always), 0.96 for adults and 1.13 for children. Important drawbacks were detected in the treatment approach. In acute asthma episodes about 40% of the responders did not use IBA as the first choice of treatment. For maintenance treatment IS were rarely used, and their doses were less than the usually recommended by different guidelines. IBA were seldom recommended for prevention or treatment of symptoms. They are used moderately as continuous preventive treatment. Hyposensitization is commonly recommended and more frequently used than in other countries.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of diazoxide on severe pulmonary hypertension].

Hemodynamic effects were studied after the administration of incremental doses of diazoxide (upper range 300-600 mg) in a group of 15 patients with severe pulmonary hypertension due to different etiologies. No significant changes were found in the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), "wedge" pressure, right atrial pressure, and right ventricular systolic work index (RVSWI). Significant decreases were found in the mean systemic arterial pressure, pulmonary arterial resistance (PAR), systemic arterial resistance (SAR) and left ventricular systolic work index (LVSWI). Significant increments were found in the cardiac output (Q), heart rate and PAR/SAR ratios (Table 1). A significant correlation was found between Q and SAR pretreatment (r = -0.75, p less than 0.002); PAR and SAR pretreatment (r = 0.69, p less than (0.01); change in SAR vs change in Q produced by diazoxide (r = -0.81, p 0.001); basal PAR/SAR vs D PAP (change pre-post diazoxide) (r = -0.58, p less than 0.05); % PAR/SAR vs % PAP (percent changes in PAR/SAR post diazoxide vs percent change of PAP post diazoxide) (r = 0.78, p less than 0.001); D PAP vs D RVSWI (PAP change post diazoxide vs RVSWI change post diazoxide) r = 0.79, p less than 0.001. No significant correlation (either in absolute or in percent values) was found between basal values of pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output, pulmonary arterial resistance or right ventricular systolic work index vs those produced by the drug in the same parameters. Patients were divided into two groups according to the decrease or increase of pulmonary arterial pressure after diazoxide administration (n = 7 and 8, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Unusual response to continuous positive pressure ventilation.

In a patient with acute respiratory failure due to aspiration pneumonia, PaO2 decrease and Qs/Qt increase were observed during continuous positive pressure ventilation. This paradoxical finding was attributted to vascular collapse in well ventilated upper alveoli associated with blood flow redistribution to dependent hypoventilated areas with low ventilation-perfusion relationships.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Successful treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome with prolonged continuous positive-pressure ventilation.

A 37 year-old man was admitted in severe acute respiratory failure after a surgical procedure. He was ventilated mechanically (FIO2 - 0.60), and had a Pa,O2 of 34 mmHg. Continuous positive-pressure ventilation was started and the Pa,O2 rose to 74 mmHg. This procedure was required for 18 days. During the period of the greater derangement of gas exchange, the venous admixture on inhalation of 40% oxygen was 80% and later 43%, whereas on inhalation of 100% oxygen it was 52% and later 35%. He was weaned from the respirator on the nineteenth day. If unevennes of ventilation--perfusion due to regional hypoventilation disappear on inhalation of 40% oxygen, a decrease of shunt on inhalation of 100% oxygen suggests impairment of diffusion.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Effects of physical training on enzymatic activity of human skeletal muscle.

Enzymatic activities of GOT, LDH, MDH and CPK were assessed in four normal subjects, before and after a 12 week training period on a cycle ergometer. Determinations were made in muscle at rest and immediately after submaximal and maximal exercise tests and in serum at rest. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the quadriceps by the needle biopsy technique. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) increased significantly after training. The after training GOT and MDH muscle resting activities increased significantly. Correlations were found between resting muscle GOT and MDH vs maximal VO2. An increase on resting enzymatic serum activity after training was found for LDH and CPK and a decrease for MDH for the same period. Correlations were found between resting serum and muscle activities of LDH; MDH and LDH serum resting values vs maximal VO2. Finally, it were observed after training increments of muscle activities of GOT and MDH at rest and that these increments correlated adequately with performance. It was also found that muscle GOT activity changes after exercise were modified by training and that it could partly explain serum modifications. Resting serum enzymes levels did not necessarily correlate with muscle levels and these serum levels could be an index of the achieved training.

Adaptation, Physiological↗