Biomedical subjects

G Adamopoulos

Publications and source records attributed to G Adamopoulos.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

Isolated sphenoid sinus aspergillomas.

Fungi are more often than previously believed to be the causative organisms of paranasal sinusitis. Aspergillus, a fungus belonging to the Ascomycetes class, accounts for the majority of these infections, which affect not only debilitated patients but healthy people as well. There are two distinct clinical forms of Aspergillus sinusitis, invasive and non-invasive, and each of them is further divided in two subtypes. Isolated aspergillosis of the sphenoid sinus is a rare disease, which is usually misdiagnosed for a long time because of its varying symptomatology. In the present study, four cases of isolated sphenoid Aspergillus disease are described and the recent literature is reviewed. Physicians should be aware of this rare clinical entity, as in many cases early diagnosis and appropriate treatment provide the key to achieve favourable outcomes.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Modifications of the Caldwell-Luc procedure for the prevention of post-operative sensitivity disorders.

The effectiveness of some modifications of the Caldwell-Luc standard procedure in the prevention of post-operative mid-facial sensitivity disorders was investigated in a prospective comparative study at the ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece, from 1986-1992. Sixty-nine maxillary sinuses were operated on in 61 patients suffering from benign pathological conditions. The modifications concerned the type of mucoperiosteal incision and the site and size of the created anterior antrostomy. Only 8.7 per cent of the sinuses operated on by the modified technique presented with post-operative disorders whereas among those operated on by the classical technique, the ratio climbed to 33 per cent. In view of the findings of this study, the modifications applied can be valuable in treating non-extensive maxillary sinus disease with minimal post-operative sensitivity disorders.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Evaluation of risk factors for stomal recurrence after total laryngectomy.

The development of a stomal recurrence after total laryngectomy is a complication with a dismal prognosis. The risk factors and mechanisms involved are still not well understood. In this review of 352 patients, 21 (6%) developed a stomal recurrence. We studied the group of 74 patients (21%) with subglottic involvement separately. There was no significant difference in the rate of stomal recurrence in those with emergency tracheostomy (23.3%) as compared with those with intra-operative tracheostomy (18.2%). Stomal recurrence was more strongly associated with subglottic involvement itself (20.3%) and T4 stage (15.3%). The findings suggest that submucosal extension and lymph node metastases are probably more important mechanisms of stomal recurrence than cancer cell implantation.

Emergencies↗

PubMed1995

Detection of Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by the polymerase chain reaction technique.

We used the PCR technique to detect the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in paraffin-embedded tissues from Greek patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The oligonucleotide primers used for the detection of EBV amplify a 375-bp long sequence from the EcoRI B fragment of the viral genome, whereas for HPV the primers amplify a 151-bp long sequence of the viral genome. The PCR products were analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis and visualised by UV illumination after staining with ethidium bromide. Sixty-three specimens were examined. EBV specific sequence was amplified in 20 (32%) and HPV in 12 (19%) out of the 63 samples. There was no co-infection with EBV and HPV. Although there is a high correlation of EBV infection with poorly differentiated NPC in patients from Southern China and South-East Asia, the restricted distribution suggests genetic or environmental cofactors in the development of the neoplasm. Our results confirm this suggestion since there was only a 32% correlation of EBV with NPC in Greece. HPV may also be involved in the carcinogenesis of EBV-negative squamous cell nasopharyngeal carcinomas.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Value of Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging of the labyrinth in patients with sudden hearing loss.

Recent reports describe labyrinthine enhancement on MRI as a highly specific sign of labyrinthine disease. This paper reports 44 patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and laboratory evidence of cochlear damage investigated with Gd-enhanced MR imaging. Enhancement of the cochlea was observed in only one patient with a lesion at the fundus of the internal auditory canal (IAC) that extended into the cochlea after Gd-DTPA administration. In one more patient, MR imaging demonstrated large vestibular aqueducts as underlying cause for his hearing loss, but no enhancement of the labyrinth was observed. No abnormal signal intensity on precontrast MR scans nor pathologic enhancement of the membranous labyrinth were identified in the other 42 patients. Gd-enhanced MR imaging appears to be insensitive in demonstrating labyrinthine disease and normal examination findings in a patient with sudden SNHL cannot exclude damage at the cochlear level.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

A comparison of the efficacy and patient acceptability of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate aqueous nasal sprays in patients with perennial rhinitis.

This was an open, randomized, cross-over study comparing the efficacy and acceptability of aqueous nasal suspensions of budesonide, 200 micrograms b.i.d. and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), 100 micrograms q.i.d., each given for 6 weeks to patients with perennial rhinitis and a history of allergy. Forty men and women aged 18-65 years with perennial rhinitis diagnosed at least 1 year previously, were recruited for study provided they had at least two of the following symptoms of rhinitis--blocked nose, runny nose, itching nose or sneezing. They were requested to record the presence or absence of nasal and ocular symptoms on a severity scale of 0-3 (none, mild, moderate, severe) in daily diary cards. The sum of the nasal scores was calculated to give the total nasal symptom score. Mean individual symptom scores and total symptom score were calculated for each treatment. Thirty-seven patients completed the study. The mean total nasal symptom score was significantly lower during budesonide (2.13) than during BDP (2.75), P = 0.001. There were significantly fewer reports of blocked nose (P = 0.004), runny nose (P = 0.0005) and sore eyes (P = 0.047) during budesonide treatment compared with BDP. Four patients reported adverse events during budesonide treatment (two had nosebleeds and two nasal dryness) and three patients during BDP treatment (two had nasal dryness and one gastric discomfort). A significantly greater proportion of patients stated a preference for budesonide than for BDP on the basis of effect (P = 0.0001), side-effects (P = 0.01), and overall (P = 0.0001).

Administration, Intranasal↗

PubMed1994

Alterations to the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal microbial flora of children after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

The oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal microbial flora of 40 children with chronically hypertrophied and infected tonsils or adenoids, was studied. Twenty of the children were treated by tonsillectomy and 20 by adenoidectomy. Swabs were taken from the surgical field pre-operatively and from the oropharynx or the nasopharynx 10 and 30 days-post-operatively. The swabs were cultured on suitable culture media and identification as well as quantitative estimation of the isolated bacteria, was carried out. Most of the potentially pathogenic bacteria exhibited beta-lactamase production. Interestingly, after surgical treatment, the respective microorganisms were quantitatively reduced and it was observed that their isolation rate was also lower. Furthermore, bacteria considered as normal inhabitants regularly showed an increase in their frequency of isolation despite the fact that a quantitative decrease was in some instances observed. These findings suggest that tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy result in an alteration to the abnormal oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal microbial flora producing an almost normal one. It appears that, in cases of the failure of antimicrobial treatment, surgical procedures should be seriously considered.

Adenoidectomy↗

PubMed1994

Localized mastoiditis simulating a facial nerve schwannoma on MRI.

A case of a single inflamed mastoid air cell is described. This was initially interpreted as a facial nerve schwannoma on MRI examination. Careful evaluation of the signal characteristics and additional findings from the high resolution CT examination helped to establish the correct diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Nasomaxillary skeletal dimensions complex in patients with osseous nasal septum deformities.

Controversy still exists regarding the precise contribution of the nasal septum to facial growth and development. Several reports indicate that early surgical intervention for the correction of nasal septum abnormalities leads to a high recurrence rate that necessitates revision procedures in adulthood. In this study we compared a group of patients with posterior nasal septum deformities to a control group by using cephalometric radiographs and recording several measurements on composite tracings. Our data, analysed by a computerized statistical programme, demonstrate significant differences between the two groups, supporting the view that the development of the anterior part of the neurocranium influences the development of posterior nasal septum deformities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Preliminary results on scintigraphic evaluation of malignant external otitis.

Malignant external otitis (MEO) is a potentially fatal otitis occurring in diabetic and immunosuppressed patients, which may cause cranial nerve palsies and massive thrombophlebitis of the brain. We studied five diabetic patients with the clinical diagnosis of external otitis who were suspected of having MEO and one diabetic patient presumed cured from MEO. All of them underwent methylene diphosphonate, nanocolloid and gallium single-photon emission tomography studies with quantitative analysis on the basis of regions of interest and count profile curves. This combined assessment helped us to diagnose and follow-up soft tissue and temporal bone infection, especially in the case of transsphenoidal extension of the disease, since conventional radiology and computed tomography were of no particular help. On the basis of these results, we consider scintigraphic demonstration of skull base infection as a fourth criterion of MEO given that the classical Chandler's triad (diabetes, granuloma, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) is not always present.

Citrates↗

PubMed1984

Osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the hip. A clinical and radiological survey.

The authors have reviewed the clinical and radiological results of 70 intertrochanteric osteotomies in 65 patients. The mean follow-up was 8 years and most of the patients (53 osteotomies) were examined from 6 to 15 years after operation. The mean age at operation was 47 years. In almost two-thirds of patients the osteoarthritis was secondary to congenital disorders of the hip. The technique was usually a rotational osteotomy with slight medial displacement. The clinical results were satisfactory in 49 osteotomies and unsatisfactory in 21. The radiological results were less encouraging, but an impression was gained that a poor radiological appearance does not necessarily preclude a good clinical outcome. There was no significant statistical difference in the results between primary and secondary osteoarthritis. No clear patterns could be established to explain why the operation succeeded in some patients and failed in others.

Adult↗

PubMed1978