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Biomedical subjects

G Agrawal

Publications and source records attributed to G Agrawal.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

An improved flow evaluation scheme in orifices of different aspect ratios.

An accurate and reliable method of regurgitant flow calculation is currently unavailable. The goal of this study was to define a new general method of flow calculation for orifices of different aspect ratios. The success of the method relies on matching the imaged flow field distribution obtained by color flow mapping (CFM) to a three-dimensional (3D) numerical flow field distribution of known geometry. The flow field in three orifices of identical cross-sectional area with aspect ratios of 1 (circular), 2 and 4 (elliptical) was evaluated by: (a) CFM, (b) 3D echocardiographic imaging, and (c) 3D finite element modeling (FEM). The orifice shape and size were accurately estimated by 3D echocardiographic imaging. FEM showed that the normalized centerline velocity profile of the flow field depends on the orifice aspect ratio. CFM provided a good description of the centerline profile for each case. For a given distance from the orifice center, the equivelocity contour surface area increases with increasing aspect ratio. A simple flow calculation scheme was developed to calculate regurgitant flow independent of orifice shape. This improved method showed better results than previous studies and may prove to be advantageous when analyzing in vivo flow fields with complex geometries.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1996

Intra nuclear estrogen receptor status and its clinicopathological correlation in breast cancer patients.

Intranuclear estrogen receptor (ERn) content of breast cancer tissue is thought to be more closely related to prognosis, and response to hormone treatment, as compared to conventional cytosolic estrogen receptor (REc). ERn and ERc levels in primary breast carcinoma tissue were assayed by ER-Enzyme immuno assay (ER-EIA), and the correlation of ERn with ERc and clinico-pathological parameters were assessed. ERn concentration and positive status, with 15 fmol as the cut-off value for positivity, is related to increasing age, lesser parity, post-menopausal status and smaller tumor size. A significant correlation exists between ERn and lesser metastatic axillary nodes and the early TNM stage. ERn was found to be correlated to better tumor differentiation, absent or slight L-R response and tumor necrosis.

Breast Neoplasms↗