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Biomedical subjects

G Albanese

Publications and source records attributed to G Albanese.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Mean square fluctuations of hydrogen atoms and water-biopolymer interactions in hydrated saccharides.

We have used the elastic neutron scattering technique to investigate the dynamics of the two main saccharidic components of starch: amylose and amylopectin. The measurements were carried out in the temperature range of 20 to 320 K and at different hydration levels from the dry state up to 0.47 g saccharide/g D(2)O. In the dry samples, the atomic dynamics is harmonic up to approximately 300 K. In the hydrated samples a "glass-like" transition leading to an anharmonic dynamics is observed. The onset of the anharmonicity occurs at temperatures that increase from approximately 180 K to 260 K upon decreasing hydration from 0.5 to 0.1 g saccharide/g D(2)O. This behavior is qualitatively similar to that observed in hydrated globular proteins, but quantitative differences are present. Assuming a simple asymmetric double-well potential model, the temperature and hydration dependence of the transition have been described in terms of few physical parameters.

Amylopectin↗
PubMed2001

Treatment of larva migrans cutanea (creeping eruption): a comparison between albendazole and traditional therapy.

BACKGROUND: Creeping eruption (CE), which is characteristic of tropical and subtropical regions, is being increasingly frequently observed in Italy. The presence on the beaches of stray animals infected by nematodes of the Ancylostoma species favors contact between human skin and the larva-infested soil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our experience with 56 patients (13 cryotherapy, one thiabendazole together with cryotherapy, six thiabendazole, two albendazole with cryotherapy, and 34 albendazole) is described. RESULTS: A prompt and definitive cure was achieved in all 56 patients. The therapeutic effectiveness of the various methods used is therefore equivalent. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that albendazole should be considered the first choice for treatment. It is extremely well tolerated and patient compliance is good.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Infectious endocarditis in dentistry practice: recent controversies and modes of the use of antibiotic prophylaxis].

A survey by questionnaire to assess the daily practice of the antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis by physicians attending post-graduate schools of the Institutes of Oral Surgery and Stomatology (Group A n = 83) and Cardiology (Group B n = 46) of the Second University of Naples has been conducted. They were asked about dental procedure and cardiopathies that require prophylaxis for infective endocarditis, the relationship between infective endocarditis and rheumatic disease and the provision of antibiotic. Extraction of tooth and dental and oral surgery have been reported as the most risky procedures. Moreover provision of antibiotic prophylaxis was suggested to patients not at risk (pacemaker or coronary artery bypass), and was not suggested in high risk conditions (mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). Most of the 50-60% practitioners usually start the prophylaxis 24-48 hours before the procedure and prolong it for 48-72 hours. These results underline the need for improvement of the knowledge for the antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1993

Escherichia coli chaperonins cpn60 (groEL) and cpn10 (groES) do not catalyse the refolding of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase.

In vitro refolding of pig mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase is investigated in the presence and absence of Escherichia coli chaperonins cpn60 (groEL) and cpn10 (groES). The refolded yields of active malate dehydrogenase are increased almost 3-fold in the presence of groEL, groES, Mg2+/ATP and K+ ions. Chaperonin-assisted refolding of malate dehydrogenase does not have an absolute requirement for K+ ions but Mg2+/ATP is obligatory. When ATP is replaced by other nucleoside triphosphates, or by non-hydrolysable ATP analogues, assisted refolding is prevented. Optimal chaperonin-assisted refolding requires both groEL and groES homo-oligomers in molar excess over malate dehydrogenase. Kinetic analysis shows that the chaperonins do not catalyse the refolding of malate dehydrogenase but increase the flux of unfolded enzyme through the productive refolding pathway without altering and/or accelerating that pathway. Although not acting as refolding catalysts, the chaperonins are able to assist at least six consecutive cycles of malate dehydrogenase refolding.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1991

[Submandibular sialadenectomy. Our experience].

The authors analyze 102 personal cases of submaxillary gland excision. They describe their epidemiological and clinical features and make a comparison with the data already published on the same subject.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Trigeminal neurotrophic ulcer. A case report].

A case of a 49-year-old woman affected by wide ulcerations on the face which have been caused by the patient herself, as she has admitted, is reported. The lesions were strictly limited to the area of innervation of the first and second branch of the trigeminal nerve. The patient presented parasthesias and analgesia in the trigeminal area as the consequence of a neurosurgical operation. She also suffered from important psychosis. All these elements enable us to diagnose "trigeminal trophic ulcers". The pathogenesis of this syndrome is discussed.

Cranial Nerve Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Treatment with itraconazole.

The chemotherapy of leishmaniasis is still far from satisfactory. Itraconazole, one of the most recent azole antifungal agents, appears to be well tolerated in man. Two patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (Leishmania tropica), contracted in Saudi Arabia, were treated orally for 2 months with itraconazole (100 mg/d). Both recovered without side effects or abnormalities in their main biologic parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the efficacy of a new antimycotic molecule for topical use: naftifine].

The antifungal efficacy and tolerability of naftifine (cream, gel, 1% solution), were tested in an open, mycologically controlled study in 29 patients (mean age 32.7 +/- 2.8 years; 15 males, 14 females) with dermatomycosis caused by dermatophytes and yeasts. Particularly, 16 patients were affected with Tinea corporis; 11 patients by Pityriasis Versicolor and 2 other by cutaneous candidiasis. The mean treatment period was 32.9 days in a range from 1 to 44 days. Only one patient, with cutaneous candidiasis dropped out on the first day, because of a primary irritative dermatitis. All the remaining patients (96.4%) were recovered, and the severity of clinical symptoms, particularly erythema and itching, showed a very rapid decline. Two weeks after the treatment, a relapse emerged from a fungal growth culture, only in 2 patients (6.8%) affected with Microsporum canis. Local side effects, mostly burning, were recorded in 2 patients (6.8%).

Adult↗