PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Andreoni

Publications and source records attributed to G Andreoni.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Regional production of nitric oxide after a peripheral or central low dose of LPS in mice.

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in the pathophysiology of inflammation and sepsis. The regulation of the peripheral inducible NO synthase (iNOS-responsible for the massive NO synthesis in inflammation) has been extensively studied in sepsis, but little is known about the actual NO production and its dependence on the location of the primary stimulus (endotoxin, LPS). We measured the activation of the NO pathway after a central (intracerebroventricular) or systemic (intravenous) low dose of LPS (2.5 micrograms/mouse) in three ways: the accumulation of its stable end products (nitrites/nitrates) in the circulation, the induction of iNOS mRNA and the decrease in sodium nitroprusside-dependent ADP ribosylation of proteins in the liver and brain. Plasma nitrites/nitrates increased after LPS by either route. iNOS mRNA was induced in the liver after intravenous and, to a lower extent, in the brain after intracerebroventricular LPS. Ex vivo ADP ribosylation was decreased in both organs after both administration routes, although to different degrees (higher in the liver after intravenous and in the brain after intracerebroventricular administration), suggesting that NO had been produced in the periphery and in the brain after both routes of LPS administration, despite the fact that no LPS is expected to reach the brain after peripheral low-dose injection. Our data thus demonstrate a cross-talk between periphery and brain in the regulation of NO by LPS. Additionally, the possibility of iNOS-independent NO synthesis stimulated by LPS is implied by the discrepancy between the amount of local NO production suggested by ADP ribosylation and the iNOS mRNA levels.

Actins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative biomechanical evaluation of different wheelchair seat cushions.

The aim of the present study was to perform a comparative biomechanical analysis of four antidecubitus wheelchair cushions. Thirty wheelchair users were considered divided into three groups: paraplegic subjects (with no cutaneous sensation), neurologic subjects (with intact cutaneous sensation), and elderly subjects. The biomechanical evaluation was performed using a piezoresistive sensor matrix system to quantify parameters referred to pressure distribution, seating surface and posture. Dedicated software was developed for the automatic elaboration of the raw data and the computation of the parameters of interest. Differences among cushion types and subject groups were analyzed. An analysis of time-transient behaviors was also performed. Results showed that no significant differences in pressure peak reduction were found among the four cushions. Moreover, no time-transient behavior was shown by any cushions. However, both the location of pressure peaks and posture were dependent on cushion types. Comparison of the three subject groups showed that elderly subjects had the highest mean pressure and the lowest contact surface, while paraplegics presented the highest pressure peaks. This procedure appears indicated for individualizing the prescription of a wheelchair cushion and even for customizing a cushion to induce a specific posture.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rapid diagnosis of respiratory viral disease by means of indirect immunofluorescence test].

Indirect immunofluorescence test was employed to detect respiratory virus antigens in pharyngeal secretions. Parainfluenza virus type 1-3 sera gave positive results in 19 out of 40 patients with acute respiratory infections tested, mainly among children affected by "viral croup". The reliability of the test for the rapid diagnosis of respiratory infections is discussed.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Infections of Salmonella in Sassari (Sardinia, Italy). Epidemiology from 1973 to 1976 (author's transl)].

The epidemiology of Salmonella infections in Sassari in the last four years was reported. The remarkable increase of gastroenteritis caused by uncommon Salmonella and by S. wien in 1975 and 1976 was point out: about all cases were related with 3 epidemic episodes in hospitalized patients that were notified as paratyphoid cases in 91% and as infancy's gastroenteritis in 9%. The 201 strains of Salmonella isolated from June 1975 to May 1976 belong for 91% to group B (for 80,5% to S. wien), for 2% to group C1, for 1,5% to group C2, for 5% to group D1 and for 0,5% to group E4. The hypothesis on introduction of S. wien in Sardinia were examined; the rules for limitation of Salmonella diffusion and for prevention of the endemicity of new imported strains, were examined.

Adult↗