Biomedical subjects

G Arcieri

Publications and source records attributed to G Arcieri.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1978

Process of developing a new antimicrobial drug.

The network for development of a new antimicrobial drug, from discovery of the compound to submission of the New Drug Application, is reviewed. The key problems encountered during this process, as elucidated through a survey of 62 American pharmaceutical companies, include difficulties in discovering new and significant antimicrobial drugs, the unpredictability of in-vitro and animal studies, lack of specific criteria for the bacteriologic response to therapy, difficulties in setting up well-controlled clinical studies, and difficulty with the timely enrollment of suitable patients with precise microbiologic diagnosis before treatment.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Biological activity of netilmicin, a broad-spectrum semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic.

Netilmicin (Sch 20569) is a new broad-spectrum semisynthetic aminoglycoside derived from sisomicin. Netilmicin was compared to gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin in a variety of in vitro test systems as well as in mouse protection tests. Netilmicin was found to be similar in activity to gentamicin against aminoglycoside-susceptible strains in both in vitro and in vivo tests. Netilmicin was also active against many aminoglycoside-resistant strains of gram-negative bacteria, particularly those known to possess adenylating enzymes (ANT 2') or those with a similar resistance pattern. Netilmicin was found to be markedly less toxic than gentamicin in chronic studies in cats, although gentamicin appeared less toxic in acute toxicity tests in mice. The concentrations of netilmicin and gentamicin in serum were compared in dogs after intramuscular dosing, and the pharmacokinetics including peak concentrations in serum were found to be similar.

Amikacin↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Safety of ciprofloxacin in children: worldwide clinical experience based on compassionate use. Emphasis on joint evaluation.

Six hundred and thirty four adolescents and children aged three days to 17 years treated with ciprofloxacin on a compassionate basis were analysed for drug safety. 62% of the ciprofloxacin courses were given to patients with respiratory tract infection, primarily those with acute pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis. The mean daily oral dose was 25.2 mg/kg body weight. The duration of treatment ranged from one to 880 days (mean 22.8 days). Because of the arthropathogenic potential of quinolones in juvenile animals special emphasis was placed on the evaluation of musculoskeletal adverse events. Arthralgia considered by the treating physicians to be related to ciprofloxacin was reported in eight children, all of whom were females. Arthralgia resolved in all children. Some of these children were given subsequent courses of ciprofloxacin with no complaints of arthralgia. Overall, the safety profile of ciprofloxacin in children is not substantially different from that of adults.

Adolescent↗