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Biomedical subjects

G Arroyo

Publications and source records attributed to G Arroyo.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Rare hemoglobinopathies in Costa Rica].

Among the rare hemoglobinopathies found in Cost Rica are those of the Alfa, Beta, and Delta chains. Among these, Hb Cubujuquí, an undescribed variant, is of special interest. There was an association between the different thalassemic syndromes and their combinations with abnormal hemoglobins.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of the Papanicolaou smear in diagnosis of chlamydial infections.

The accuracy of the routine Papanicolaou (Pap) smear in diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the cervix has stimulated controversial reports over the years. In the present study Pap smears from 100 women, evenly divided between culture-positive and culture-negative for C. trachomatis, who had been seen in a single university clinic and cultured in the same laboratory were reviewed by two cytologists. With use of typical inclusions as evidence of chlamydial infection, the sensitivity of the Pap smear was 8.3%. Review of another series of 40 Pap smears that had been reported previously as positive for C. trachomatis showed only 25 with inclusions, an observation suggesting that routine Pap smears are being overread for chlamydial infection. Attempts to improve the sensitivity by immunoperoxidase staining were unsuccessful. Therefore, if strict cytologic criteria are used, C. trachomatis infections may be diagnosed on Pap smears, but the sensitivity will be low.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nicotinic Receptor, galantamine and Alzheimer disease].

Population aging has increased and will drastically increase the prevalence of Alzheimer disease. The disease develops inexorably towards a syndrome of marked cognitive impairment, accompanied of emotional alterations and profound changes of personality. The patient loses its autonomy, and requires special attention of caregivers; this leads to a decrease of the quality of life, not only of the patient but also of its caregivers and family. The reduction of the number of functional nicotinic receptors in brain keeps pace with neurological symptoms and the severity of the disease (cholinergic theory of Alzheimer disease). There is a pleyade of data and observations reinforcing the idea that improving cholinergic neurotransmission is an investment in memory. Up to now, although with limited success, this improvement has been achieved only with the reversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase tacrine, rivastigmine and donepezil, available in the clinic since a few years. The last approved has been galantamine that in spite of being a modest inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, improves memory (ADAS cog test) and slows down cognitive impairment of Alzheimer patients. To explain this therapeutic effect, a second mechanism of action for galantamine has been suggested, the positive allosteric modulation of presynaptic nicotinic receptors, that will favour the release of acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters involved in memory formation. Furthermore, galantamine possesses neuroprotectant antiapoptotic effects, according to recent data from our laboratory. These effects provide new ideas and therapeutic targets that might help to find novel and efficacious treatments for patients suffering Alzheimer disease.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of amoebae and actinomyces in an intrauterine contraceptive device user.

A patient wearing an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) was diagnosed as being colonized by Actinomyces and amoebae by examination of a routine Papanicolaou smear. The patient received vaginal treatment with metronidazole, which temporarily eliminated the protozoa; however, it was necessary to remove the IUD to definitively eradicate the microorganisms. Follow-up Papanicolaou smears taken after removal of the IUD have been normal and free of both microorganisms.

Actinomyces↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Squamous cell carcinoma associated with amoebic cervicitis. Report of a case.

A case of squamous cell carcinoma associated with amebiasis is presented. Protozoa identified as Entamoeba histolytica were found in a routine Papanicolaou smear and in the cervical biopsy of a young woman following the initial diagnosis of cervical cancer and the institution of a radiation therapy regimen. No amoebae were found in repeated stool specimens. The late detection and diagnosis of amebiasis precluded any possible changes in the management of the case. Initial follow-up for the carcinoma demonstrated that the patient was not responding well to therapy; her failure to return to the clinic precluded long-term follow-up and treatment for the amebiasis.

Adult↗