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Biomedical subjects

G Avvisati

Publications and source records attributed to G Avvisati.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

PHA-ICC, ADCC and NK in patients with ANLL in CR: human fibroblastic interferon fails to increase NK-active cell frequency.

PHA-ICC, ADCC and NK activity of PBL were studied in ten patients with ANLL in CR and in eighteen normal controls in the presence and absence of HFIF. No statistically significant differences were recorded among the two groups with regard to basic lymphocyte functions. Although the parameters of lymphocyte function remained analogous for those tested, the analysis at the single cell level revealed that HFIF stimulation increases the number of NK active cells and target binding cells among normals, but not in leukemic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Studies on PIVKA VII.

In 30 subjects on stabilized oral anticoagulant treatment, factor VII activity (VII:C) and factor VII antigen (VII:Ag) were evaluated. The average VII:C and VII:Ag levels were 8.7 and 30.7, respectively. All plasma samples were treated with 1 M barium chloride: all the activity and a corresponding average amount of antigen were adsorbed by the salt. The cold-promoted activation of factor VII was found in 5/30 subjects. Corresponding amounts of VII:C and VII:Ag were also removed from the plasma of these subjects after cold activation following the addition of barium chloride. It clearly results from these studies that a portion of VII:Ag cannot be adsorbed by barium chloride because of a reduction (or a lack) of the gamma-carboxyglutamic groups. This portion of VII:Ag can therefore be identified as Pivka VII.

Acenocoumarol↗
PubMed1984

Sequential combination of systemic high-dose ara-C and asparaginase for the treatment of central nervous system leukemia and lymphoma.

Eight patients with overt central nervous system (CNS) leukemia and lymphoma were treated with sequential administration of systemic high-dose cytosine arabinoside (HiDAC) and asparaginase (ASP) with no direct CNS therapy. Complete clearing of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was achieved in six (86%) of seven patients with meningeal disease, generally after the first course of therapy. Two patients presented with evidence of extensive intracerebral disease; both responded with a greater than 50% regression of the tumor infiltrates. Concomitant extraneurologic localizations responded equally well to HiDAC/ASP: responses were seen in four of five patients, including complete remission in three of four patients who presented with marrow involvement. Toxicity was generally moderate and limited to myelosuppression (eight of eight patients), tolerable nausea and vomiting (eight of eight patients), mild hepatotoxicity (two of eight patients), and oral mucositis (one of eight patients). These results indicate that HiDAC/ASP is a tolerable and highly effective treatment modality for CNS leukemia and lymphoma and suggest its potential role for sanctuary chemoprophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Factor VII activity and antigen in haemophilia B variants.

Twenty three patients belonging to 18 different pedigrees of Haemophilia B were studied with regard to ox-brain prothrombin time and its correlation to factor VII. Eleven among them were B-negative (no detectable factor IX antigen), five were B-reduced (factor IX antigen detectable but below the normal values) and seven were B-positive (normal levels of factor IX antigen). Ox-brain prothrombin time was found prolonged (greater than or equal to mean + 2.5 SD:99% confidence limits) in nine patients. Factor VII Activity (VII:C) was found reduced in 1/11 B-negative, in 2/5 B-reduced and in 4/7 B-positive patients. Factor VII Antigen (VII:Ag) was found normal in all but one patient. The ratio VII:C/VII:Ag was abnormal in eight patients independently from the variant of Haemophilia B. The underlying defect which causes the prolongation of Ox-brain prothrombin time due to factor VII:C mild deficiency is heterogeneous. Age, a mild Vitamin K deficiency, the presence of an inhibitor of Factor VII activation and other unknown causes, may be responsible for this pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of a new chromogenic assay for factor VII and its application in patients on oral anticoagulant treatment.

A new chromogenic method has been developed and rigorously standardized for the estimation of factor VII in defibrinated diluted plasma. This method employs a mixture of CaCl2-rabbit brain thromboplastin as activator, diluted factor VII deficient plasma as source of factor X and the chromogenic substrate S2222 for the measurement of factor Xa. The chromogenic method was insensitive to cold- and kaolin-induced activation of factor VII, this in contrast to the one-stage clotting assay. Results obtained with the chromogenic method revealed good correlation with the clotting method in 33 normal subjects, in 42 patients on oral anticoagulant therapy and in five patients with severe congenital factor VII deficiency. A good correlation was also obtained with 'Thrombotest'. Comparative estimation of factor VII and of factor VII cross-reacting material in supernatants of BaCl2 adsorbed plasma of coumarin treated patients revealed that the chromogenic method does not measure decarboxy factor VII. Detailed investigations revealed a half life for decarboxy factor VII of 2.1 +/- 0.6 h.

Acenocoumarol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ACTH 1-17 effects in acute myeloid leukemia.

We conducted a double blind randomized clinical study with 100 micrograms i.v. ACTH 1-17 versus placebo in 40 consecutive acute myelocytic leukemia patients (AML). The same regimen 3 + 7 schedule, employing daunorubicin (DNR) associated with cytosine-arabinoside (ARA-C), was applied as remission induction therapy to all patients. Prednisone therapy was performed as necessary. Twenty patients, receiving ACTH 1-17, were compared with 20 other patients receiving placebo in regard to remission rate, hemorrhagic and infective complications, remission duration and survival. No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups for all parameters taken into consideration. The two year actuarial curves of remission duration and survival showed a trend in favour of the ACTH 1-17 group. It needs a longer follow-up to evaluate if ACTH 1-17 will represent an effective adjuvant of the induction chemotherapy for the long-term control of the acute myelocytic leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Invasive Fusarium solani infections in patients with acute leukemia.

Two cases of disseminated hyalohyphomycosis due to Fusarium solani in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were studied. The clinical features in both patients included fever, fungemia, severe myalgias, disseminated ecthyma gangrenosum-like skin lesions, ocular symptoms, and a fatal outcome despite systemic administration of amphotericin B in the setting of profound, persistent granulocytopenia. In vitro studies showed the resistance of both F. solani isolates to amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, and imidazoles. This investigation confirmed the emergence of F. solani infection in immunosuppressed hosts.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anthracycline cardiotoxicity].

PURPOSE: To provide specialists and general practitioners with a review of the more recent data about anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and diagnostic methods utilized to reveal it. DESIGN: Reviewers identified studies concerning anthracycline cardiotoxicity, with special emphasis to those dealing with its pathogenesis and tools utilized for diagnosing it, by searching MEDLINE and reviewing references for retrieved articles. RESULTS: Three different clinical patterns of cardiotoxicity were described: acute, chronic and late. Highly sensitive tests are necessary for evaluating, during the time, the cardiotoxic effects associated with anthracycline-based therapy and to predict the development of cardiac dysfunction. For this reason, endomyocardic biopsy and radionuclide-based angiocardiography are considered the "gold standard". However, the bidimensional echocardiography is the most commonly performed because of its high specificity and sensitivity combined with low costs. CONCLUSIONS: The peer review of the most recent scientific literature clearly demonstrate that cardiotoxicity is an important complication of anthracycline-based therapy and that the cumulative dose greater than 550 mg/m2 is the main independent risk factor. For the evaluation of anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity, bidimensional echocardiography remains still the easier and faster method.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of recurrent promyelocytic leukemia with a combination regimen utilizing amsacrine, cytosine arabinoside and 6-thioguanine (AAT).

Nine patients with recurrent acute promyelocytic leukemia have been treated between July, 1984 and November, 1987 with a combination therapeutic regimen consisting of amsacrine, cytosine arabinoside and thioguanine (AAT). Complete remission was achieved in 5/9 patients, one person died in aplasia of hepatic failure, and the remaining 3 died from heart failure with resistant disease. The 5 patients who achieved CR were successively treated with allogeneic (n = 2) or autologous bone marrow transplantation (n = 3). As of December, 1988 there were only 2 patients still alive and in CR, both underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation. The duration of the second complete remission in these two patients is 48+ and 29+ months, respectively. Moreover the overall survival duration for these two patients is 88+ and 41+ months, respectively. These data confirm that the AAT regimen is useful in treating recurrent acute promyelocytic leukemia, a disease otherwise characterized by a catastrophic clinical course during the recurrent phase.

Adult↗