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G Aydin

Publications and source records attributed to G Aydin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Histopathologic changes in liver and renal tissues induced by Ochratoxin A and melatonin in rats.

Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by Ochratoxin A (OTA) and ameliorating effects of melatonin were investigated in rats exposed to OTA. Experimental groups were as follows: control; OTA-treated; and OTA plus melatonin (MEL)-treated (OTA+MEL). The rats in the control group were administered with only a daily oral administration of 0.5 M NaHCO3. OTA was administered with a dose of 289 microg/kg in the same way. OTA and MEL were administered orally with OTA (289 microg/kg) and melatonin (10 mg/kg) in two different periods of time during the same day. The histopathologic changes in the liver and kidney tissues of control, OTA and OTA+MEL-treated rats were examined. There were no significant changes in the kidney and liver tissues of the control rats. Significant histopathologic changes were found in the kidney and liver tissue of rats treated with OTA. These were granular or vacuolated degeneration and necrosis of the liver cells, sinusoidal and central vein dilatation, bile duct proliferation, enlargement of periportal areas with mononuclear cell inflammatory infiltration and mild degree fibrous tissue proliferation, tubular epithelial cells degeneration, necrosis, proliferation and karyomegaly in the epithelial cells nuclei and peritubular and periglomerular lymphocyte infiltration, stromal fibrous tissue proliferation, hyperemic vessels. The severity of the lesions was significantly reduced by administration of melatonin. These results revealed that OTA induced significant histopathologic changes in liver and kidney tissue advocating OTA toxicity (P < 0.001), and administration of MEL+OTA significantly reduced the toxic effect of OTA on kidney and liver tissue of rats (P > 0.05).

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine lowers collagen deposition in a rat model of corrosive esophageal burn.

Esophageal strictures are characterized by excess deposition of collagen in the esophageal wall. Polyunsaturated phosphatidyl-choline (PPC) stimulates collagen breakdown in experimental models of liver cirrhosis and colitis. This study was done in order to investigate the therapeutical effect of PPC in preventing esophageal strictures due to alkali-induced esophageal burns in rats. Fifty-five albino rats were divided into four groups as follows: control group (Group A, 10 rats), rats with sham operation and treated with saline (Group B, 15 rats), rats with esophageal burns only (Group C, 15 rats), and PPC-fed rats with esophageal burns (Group D, 15 rats). A standard esophageal burn was produced as described by Gehanno. PPC was administered orally to Group D rats in doses of 100 mg/day for four weeks. All animals were sacrificed on the 28th day of the experiment. Hydroxyproline levels in esophageal tissue was determined in each rat, and histopathologic evaluation was performed for each group. Hydroxyproline levels were significantly lower in the PPC-fed rats than in the rats with pure esophageal burns (p < 0.001). Histopathologically, collagen deposition in the submucosa and tunica muscularis was lower in Group D rats (PPC-fed rats with esophageal burn) than Group C rats (pure esophageal burn) (p < 0.05). As a result of our study, we concluded that PPC has an ameliorating effect on stricture formation after alkali-induced corrosive esophageal burns in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Chemically induced intestinal de-epithelialization using silver nitrate for bladder augmentation.

The use of bowel segments for bladder augmentation has been associated with metabolic complications, infections, stones, and cancer at the vesicoenteric anastomosis. The establishment of a transitional epithelium over the de-epithelialized surface of a segment of intestine might alleviate these complications. In this study, chemical de-epithelialization and urothelial re-epithelialization were attempted using silver nitrate (AgNO3) solutions at different concentrations. Augmentation cystoplasty was performed in 55 female Swiss-Albino rats using a 1.5-cm detubularized segment of sigmoid. Forty-one rats survived and were killed 12 weeks postoperatively. There were four groups, including one group of eight rats that underwent augmentation alone (group 1, control), while the other three groups were treated with 1 g/100 ml (11 rats), 5 g/100 ml (10 rats), and 10 g/100 ml (12 rats) AgNO3 solutions, respectively, before augmentation. Histopathological analysis demonstrated almost complete de-epithelialization and urothelialization of the sigmoid segment treated with 10 g/100 ml AgNO3 solution, which did not occur in the other groups. Postoperative bladder capacities were increased in all groups. There was no obvious histological difference in the level of collagen deposition and/or fibrosis in the augmented tissues in any of the experimental groups. We conclude that 10 g/100 ml AgNO3 solution can be successfully used for chemical de-epithelialization and urothelial re-epithelialization of augmented intestinal segments, and are worthy of further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Hydatid disease of the liver in childhood: the success of medical therapy and surgical alternatives.

Hydatid liver disease in children is a serious problem where the parasite is endemic. Although surgery is considered the treatment of choice, medical therapy is an alternative, but its curative efficacy is controversial. The aims of this study were to evaluate the curative efficacy of medical treatment and compare the results of surgical techniques with respect to postoperative complications in 102 consecutive children (64 male and 38 female, aged 4 to 15 years, mean 8.15 years) treated in two children's hospitals between 1988 and 1997. In 67, medication with albendazole was used as the initial therapy; 17 had multiple hepatic cysts and 8 had coexisting cysts in the lung. Success was defined as progressive shrinkage and solidification of the cyst. The overall success of medical therapy was approximately 27%: 18 of the 67 patients were cured with albendazole (15 had a single cyst, 3 multiple cysts) and 1 recurrence (6%) was observed. Age, sex, and the size, location, and number of cysts did not show any relationship to the response to medical therapy. After 12 to 14 weeks of medical treatment, a viable cyst on ultrasonography and/or computed tomography was accepted as a sign of treatment failure and these patients were scheduled for surgery. A total of 84 patients (35 primarily, 49 after unsuccessful medical therapy) were treated surgically. Procedures included cystectomy and tube drainage in 11 patients, cystectomy in 17, cystectomy and capitonnage in 24, and cystectomy and omentoplasty in 32. The incidence of early postoperative complications was 55% for tube drainage, 18% for cystectomy, 13% for capitonnage, and 0% for omentoplasty. During the follow-up period, 2 surgical patients (2%) developed recurrent disease. Medical treatment with albendazole resulted in fewer curative successes than expected. A longer period of medical treatment may increase the success rate; this question requires further study. Omentoplasty decreased the rate of early postoperative complications, especially cavity abscess and biliary fistula, after surgical treatment and should be recommended in this setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Outcomes of one-stage techniques for proximal hypospadias repair.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the success of three preputial flap techniques in the one-stage correction of proximal hypospadias. METHODS: From 1993 to 1999, 43 children underwent one-stage proximal hypospadias repair using preputial flaps, which were performed by a single surgeon. Of the 43 patients, 21 (48.8%), 10 (23.2%), and 12 (27.9%) underwent tubularized island flap urethroplasty, double-faced tubularized island flap urethroplasty, and onlay island flap urethroplasty, respectively. The age range of the patients at surgery was 18 months to 14 years (mean 3.4). Dorsal plication was required for chordee repair in 12 patients (3 in tubularized island flaps, 3 in double-faced tubularized island flaps, and 6 in onlay island flaps). In addition to the dorsal plication, posterior dissection of the urethral plate without division was performed on 3 of the 6 patients with mild to severe chordee in the onlay island flap group. The incidence of complications requiring repeated surgery was evaluated for each group. RESULTS: The follow-up was 8 months to 7 years (mean 4.1 years). The overall complication rate was 90% for the double-faced tubularized island flap repair, 38% for the tubularized island flap repair, and 33% for the onlay island flap repair. Recurrent chordee was observed in 2 (66.6%) of the 3 patients who underwent onlay island flap repair with urethral plate dissection. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a tubularized island flap is suggested for one-stage repair of proximal hypospadias, especially in the patients with severe chordee. Because of the high complication rates, the double-faced tubularized island flap technique is not advocated. The onlay island flap may also be used for proximal hypospadias repair if mild chordee is present. Because of the high recurrent chordee rate, dissection of the urethral plate without division is not suggested in the onlay island flap technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Histopathological changes of chorda tympani in chronic otitis media.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether histopathological changes of chorda tympani might exist in patients with chronic otitis media without facial paralysis. STUDY DESIGN: The study was designed as a prospective trial. METHODS: Twenty of 107 patients with chronic otitis media, in whom the chorda tympani were injured inadvertently during middle ear surgery, were enrolled into the study. The cases were divided into two groups based on the activity of chronic infection at the time of surgery. Twelve cases with suppurative disease were included in group I, and 8 cases with dry ear in group II. RESULTS: Histopathological examinations of the specimens revealed findings such as thickening of perineural and epineural connective tissue, vacuolar degeneration of Schwann cells, and proliferation of fibroblasts in endoneurium. Disorganization of the axons of some nerve fibers was also determined. CONCLUSION: Based on the histopathological changes of chorda tympani in chronic middle ear disease, it is postulated that chronic otitis media may give rise to functional loss of the nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Characteristics of penetrating abdominal firearm injuries in children.

Penetrating injuries of the abdomen which occur primarily from gunshots and stabbing become increasingly prevalent in children. Our purpose is to assess the presentation, management and outcome of children with penetrating abdominal firearm injuries (PAFI) and to evaluate the value of Injury Severity Score (ISS) for predicting injury severity and eventual morbidity and mortality in children with PAFI. Between 1985 and 1997, 69 children < or = 15 years of age with PAFI were hospitalized at our institution. Their hospital records were reviewed retrospectively. Of the 69 children with PAFI, 53 were boys and 16 were girls. The mean age was 9.6. The causes of PAFI were explosives (44%), gunshot (39%) and shotgun injuries (17%). The most common organ injured was the small bowel followed by colon and liver respectively. Postoperative complications were seen in 12 children. The mean value of ISS was 16.8; 41 children had an ISS value of > or = 16. The value of ISS was significantly higher in children with complication than in those without complication. The children with ISS value > or = 16 were hospitalized significantly longer than those with < or = 15 of ISS. Particularly shotgun injuries were commonly associated with severe morbidity. ISS can be useful for predicting the severity of injury and the occurrence of morbidity.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of latex sensitivity among patients with chronic renal failure: a new risk group?

Latex has been documented as causing immediate hypersensitivity reactions in forms ranging from contact urticaria to severe anaphylaxis. The prevalence of latex allergy appears to be higher in certain risk groups as a result of increased exposure or an increased intrinsic predilection for atopy. The purpose of the present study was to assess latex sensitivity in a large group of patients who are undergoing regular dialysis because of chronic renal failure (CRF) and to evaluate the relationship between latex sensitivity and skin prick test (SPT) responses to fruit allergens. Of the 268 patients tested, 3 subjects (1.1%) were found to have latex sensitivity via SPT. Although atopy was not demonstrated in any SPT positive subjects, there appears to be a considerable degree of crossreactivity between latex and certain fruit allergens which can be suggested as one subtext in the SPT positive patients. In conclusion, CRF patients with no history of hypersensitivity reactions should not be considered at risk for developing latex sensitization despite their frequent exposure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Brown midrib sorghum in diets for lactating dairy cows.

In Experiment 1, 16 Holstein cows were assigned to one of four diets in replicated 4 x 4 Latin squares with 4-wk periods to measure dietary effect on short-term lactational performance. Additionally, 3 fistulated cows were assigned to the same diets in a 3 x 4 Youden square design with 4-wk periods to measure ruminal rate and extent of fiber digestion, fractional passage rate of fiber, ruminal pH, and concentration of volatile fatty acids. Diets comprised 65% of brown midrib (BMR) forage sorghum, standard forage sorghum, alfalfa or corn silages and 35% concentrate. Experiment 2 was conducted with 30 Holstein cows in early lactation to evaluate the same BMR sorghum hybrid in a 10-wk study with 35.3% standard sorghum, BMR sorghum, or corn silages as dietary treatments. Milk production was significantly higher for brown midrib than for standard sorghum in Experiment 1. Ruminal pH and acetate to propionate ratio did not differ among diets. The fractional passage rate of silage was not significantly different among the forages. In situ extent of ruminal fiber digestion was significantly higher for BMR than for standard sorghum, but rate of fiber digestion was not different. Similarly, in Experiment 2, in vitro extent of fiber digestion was significantly higher for BMR sorghum than for standard sorghum. Dry matter intake and body condition score were not significantly different between cows fed BMR and standard sorghum, but cows fed BMR sorghum resulted in long-term milk production greater than cows fed standard sorghum and similar to cows fed corn silage.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Does treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin induce reversible changes in undescended testes in boys?

Between May 1993 and November 1995, 71 cryptorchid boys were treated with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG); 42 were operated upon following unsuccessful hCG treatment. A routine orchiopexy was performed in each case. In 10 cases a testicular biopsy was made during orchipexy within 3 days following hCG treatment; in another 10 biopsies were taken 6 to 9 months after treatment. Testicular biopsies were taken at the time of orchiopexy in 5 cryptorchid boys who were not treated with hCG as a control group. A mild, inflammation-like reaction was found in the cryptorchid testes in the period immediately following the last hCG injections, but those studied 6 to 9 months after the last injection there were no apparent such reactions. In contrast to the inflammation-like reaction, the volume density of blood vessels, interstitial bleeding, and diameter of the seminiferous tubules had not regressed. The numbers of spermatogonia per tubular transverse section and the percentage of tubular transverse sections containing spermatogonia (the fertility index) were increased.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1997

Seromuscular gastrocystoplasty in rats.

Long-term results of seromuscular gastrocystoplasty have not been reported in the literature. In the presented study, a seromuscular gastrocystoplasty technique in rats and related biochemical, physiological, and histopathologic results are discussed. Fifty rats were grouped as follows: control and sham (group A), animals with gastrocystoplasty (group B), and animals with seromuscular gastrocystoplasty (group C). Urine pH, blood pH, and bicarbonate levels, bladder capacity, and end filling pressures were evaluated in all groups. After gastrocystoplasty and seromuscular gastrocystoplasty both group B and C showed a statistically significant increase in bladder capacity. Aciduria developed in 22% of rats in group B. In group A and C aciduria was not noted. No statistically significant difference was observed in blood pH, bicarbonate levels, and end-filling pressure measurements in each group of rats. Significant histopathologic changes of bladder occurred in the gastrocystoplasty group. In the 13 bladders examined histologically in group B, 2 had a papilloma on the mucosal surface of the transplanted gastric patch. The bladder mucosa adjacent to the transplanted gastric patch had pronounced hyperplastic and squamous metaplastic changes. In the 15 bladders examined histologically in group C none had a papilloma on the gastric segments. Squamous metaplasia in the bladder mucosa adjacent to the transplanted gastric patch was noted only in 2 rats of this group. Two rats also had bladder calculi in the lumen. Possible etiologies and differences of gastrocystoplasty and seromuscular gastrocystoplasty related pathological changes between two groups are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Failure of inosine to prevent ischemic damage in the canine and rat kidney models.

Intravenous, renal artery, and intraperitoneal administration of inosine at dosages of 100 to 200 mg/kg, 160 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg, respectively, in the dog and rat was used to test its efficacy in preventing ischemic damage after 60 min of warm ischemia in an in situ solitary renal model. No improvement of renal function as compared with a control and a conventional mannitol/furosemide treatment group was detected. Rather, inosine at dosages of greater than or equal to 160 mg/kg resulted in significantly impaired renal function in the experimental groups of the dog model; no improvement was observed in the rat model. These results suggest that the use of inosine in human renal surgery and preservation should be approached cautiously.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A comparative study of several agents alone and combined in protection of the rodent kidney from warm ischaemia: methylprednisolone, propranolol, furosemide, mannitol, and adenosine triphosphate-magnesium chloride.

The effect of 60 min of in situ warm ischaemia (37 degrees C) on renal function was investigated in the rat model. In addition, the effect of pretreatment with intravenously administered furosemide, mannitol, propranolol, methylprednisolone, and adenosine triphosphate-magnesium chloride (ATP-MgCl2), singly or in combination, was studied. The ischaemic kidney was effectively protected by the administration of methylprednisolone alone but not by furosemide, mannitol, ATP-MgCl2, or propranolol singly or in combination. These results demonstrate that rat kidneys subjected to 60 min of warm ischaemia can be safely protected with methylprednisolone pretreatment (3 mg/100 g of body weight) 30 min before warm ischaemia.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

In vitro alteration of canine renal allografts with cyclophosphamide metabolites.

4-Hydroxycyclophosphamide (4-HCY) is generated spontaneously in cryoprecipitated plasma from synthesized 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HPCY); its immunosuppressive and cytotoxic effects seem to depend on milieu, temperature, time, and dosage. Our preliminary results suggest that prolonged canine renal allograft survival can be achieved with grafts exposed to CY metabolites (4-HPCY and PM) in vitro for 24 hr. Further studies with larger dosages (greater than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml of 4-HPCY) are indicated to test these suggestions conclusively.

Animals↗