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Biomedical subjects

G B Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to G B Anderson.

123 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

A field study on embryo transfer in cattle.

Thirty-five 4-day-old embryos were surgically collected from 5 Fleckvieh and 3 Gelbviehheifers. The embryos were transported by air on the same day to a distant rach where 34 embryos were surgically transferred via the flank into recipient cows. Nineteen recipient cows were diagnosed pregnant at approximately 50 days.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in utero produces sheep-goat chimeras.

Both allogeneic and xenogeneic hematopoietic chimera models have been developed, including fetal sheep models that demonstrated high levels of stable, multilineage engraftment created by in utero hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of in utero transplantation to create xenogeneic sheep-goat hematopoietic chimeras. Fetal liver cells and T-cell-depleted adult bone marrow were tested as sources of hematopoietic stem cells. Donor cells were injected intraperitoneally into 130 recipient fetuses between 49 and 62 days of gestation. Groups 1 and 2 received crude fetal liver cell preparations. Group 3 received fetal liver cells that were incubated overnight in a phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocyte-conditioned medium (PHA-LCM). In Group 4, hematopoietic stem cells were concentrated by using additional density separations. Group 5 fetal recipients received low-density, T-cell-depleted adult bone marrow cells. In Group 1, fetuses were accessed via hysterotomy. Hematopoietic stem cells were injected into Groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 without cutting through the uterine wall. Fetal survival in the five groups ranged from 56 to 100%. The percentage of chimeras from injected fetuses ranged from 43 to 92% by FACS and PCR analyses; however, levels of chimerism were low (<1%). The highest rates of chimerism were found among recipients of low-density fetal liver cells. Despite the pre-immunocompetent status of the fetal recipients and the genetic similarities between sheep and goats, high levels of engraftment were not observed. The consistently low levels of chimerism observed in this study, as well as the poor results recently reported by others using these procedures, indicate that significant barriers exist to transplanting hematopoietic stem cells in utero.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT angiography for the detection of cerebral vasospasm in patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the standard of reference for detecting cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). CT angiography (CTA) is a relatively recent method for depicting the intracranial arterial vasculature. The purpose of this study was to compare CTA and DSA in the detection and quantification of cerebral vasospasm. METHODS: Seventeen patients with SAH underwent initial CTA with or without DSA and follow-up CTA and DSA. The follow-up CTA and DSA studies were performed within 24 hours of each other and 5 to 10 days after SAH. Maximum intensity projection images were produced for each CTA. Six arterial locations were examined for spasm: the suprasellar internal carotid artery (ICA), the M1 and M2 segments of the middle cerebral artery, the A1 and A2 segments of the anterior cerebral artery, and the basilar artery. Vasospasm was categorized as none, mild (<30% luminal reduction), moderate (30% to 50% reduction), or severe (>50% reduction). RESULTS: The overall correlation between CTA and DSA was 0.757, but was better for proximal than distal locations (0.88-1.00 versus 0.152-0.446). Agreement between CTA and DSA was greater for no spasm (92%) and severe spasm (100%) than for mild (57%) or moderate (64%) spasm. CTA was highly accurate for no spasm or severe spasm in proximal locations (96%, and 100%, respectively); it was less accurate (90% and 95%, respectively) for mild or moderate spasm in these locations. For distal locations, the accuracy for absent, mild, moderate, or severe spasm was 78%, 81%, 94%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: CTA is highly sensitive, specific, and accurate in detecting no spasm or severe cerebral vasospasm in proximal arterial locations; it is less accurate for detecting mild and moderate spasm in distal locations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of the high growth (hg) mutation on reproduction in high growth (HG) female mice.

Reproductive performance was characterized in females of a line of mice homozygous for a recessive mutation with a major effect on growth, the high growth (hg) mutation. Specifically, the age at onset of puberty, length of the estrous cycle, ovulation rate, and gestation length in high growth (HG) mice were determined and compared with control mice. HG females reached puberty at an age similar to control animals, exhibited normal ovulation rates and estrous cycle length, but had a shorter length of estrus. Number of fetuses at Day 17 of gestation was greater and gestation length was longer in HG females. The HG females exhibited a variety of reproductive disorders, including increased incidence of repeated detection of mating plugs without intervening pregnancy ("replug"), increased incidence of repeated detection of mating plugs within an interval of 1-8 days without intervening pregnancy ("recycle"), increased interval between pairing with a male and detection of the first mating plug, increased interval between mating and conception, increased postnatal mortality, decreased litter size, and increased incidence of vaginal septum.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A monitoring and trending system and intracranial pressure.

A prototype of a portable microprocessor-based system for monitoring and displaying intracranial pressure, systemic arterial pressure, and cerebral perfusion pressure data has been developed. This system reduces the data for long-term logging and subsequent display as a trend plot and an array of computed histograms. Included in the system is the capability of presetting alarms to identify and alert clinical staff to potentially hazardous conditions. An initial technical and clinical evaluation indicates that the objective of improving patient care while controlling capital and operating costs has been met. The alarm system and the trended data display can be used to routinely detect conditions that previously were not immediately identified because of inherent limitations in currently available equipment. The precise minute-to-minute and retrospective evaluation of clinical events is now facilitated by a consistent, concise record and analysis of ICP and related data.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗