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Biomedical subjects

G B Rollman

Publications and source records attributed to G B Rollman.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Are there psychologic predictors of treatment outcome in temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction?

This study explores the relationship between diverse psychologic factors and treatment outcome in temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction (TMJPD). During assessment, 178 patients with TMJPD were given a pressure pain threshold and tolerance task and completed the Basic Personality Inventory, the Illness Behavior Questionnaire, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Ways of Coping Checklist. Subjects also answered questions pertaining to TMJPD symptomatology, including chronicity and severity. After conservative treatment with simple jaw exercises and ultrasound, patients were contacted again at 5 months to complete a follow-up questionnaire package similar to the initial questionnaire battery. Percent reduction in average pain intensity and perceived TMJPD severity were used as outcome criteria. The data were analyzed with discriminant function analyses. One hundred patients responded to the follow-up questionnaire. Patients who reported more than a 50% reduction in average pain intensity tended to be less inclined to accept responsibility for their problems and were slightly better able to distance themselves from their problems than the less improved groups. Those who reported more than a 50% reduction in TMJPD severity indicated that the condition was not associated with an identifiable onset event and that the condition had become moderately worse between onset and first seeking help.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Perceived locus and intensity of electrocutaneous stimulation.

Two experiments investigated perceived locus and intensity for electrocutaneous stimulation. In Experiment 1, 21 subjects reported the perceived locus for various combinations of four electrode sites, two current directions, two pulse characteristics (single versus multiple), and two sensation levels (detection versus pain). In Experiment 2, 16 subjects reported the perceived locus and intensity for a wide range of current levels and two polarity conditions. The main results were 1) sensations were likely to be perceived under the cathode at detection levels, but under both electrodes at intense levels; 2) the "cathode" localization was gradually supplanted by "both" ("anode" and "cathode") localization with increasing current; 3) subjective intensity under the cathode was greater than that under the anode; 4) the effects of cathode position on perceived locus were found for only some pairs of electrodes. These results challenge the simple hypothesis that electrical stimulation of the skin through paired electrodes is perceived under the cathode.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Improvements in pain responsiveness in patients with fibrositis after successful treatment with amitriptyline.

Thirty-six patients with fibrositis received low dose amitriptyline and placebo in a randomized double blind crossover study lasting 10 weeks. Amitriptyline was associated with significant changes on the outcome measures of pain, tender point sensitivity and patient assessment of well being. Clinically significant improvements for pain and tender point sensitivity and a statistically significant improvement in generalized pain responsiveness were found between patients who reported subjective improvement on amitriptyline and those who felt no change.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Measurement of pain in fibromyalgia in the clinic and laboratory.

Fibromyalgia involves constant aching pain throughout the body and acute pain at widely distributed tender points. This review emphasizes the different aspects of the pain experience which are assessed by verbal questionnaires, analysis of descriptive adjectives, numerical and verbal category scales and visual analogue scales. There is a need for studies which utilize ratio scale techniques to measure the different components of the pain experience and which explore a wider range of behavioral and functional measures. Laboratory data on responsiveness at tender and nontender points, examined with respect to adaptation level and hypervigilance theories, suggest that patients with fibromyalgia are overly reactive to external events which other groups, both pain free and pain suffering, find innocuous.

Behavior↗
PubMed1987

Pain perception and personality measures as discriminators in the classification of fibrositis.

Twenty patients with fibrositis were compared to age and sex matched groups of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and normal controls regarding personality variables measured by the Basic Personality Inventory (BPI) and responsiveness to experimentally induced pain. The group with fibrositis scored significantly higher than the normal group on 4 of the BPI scales and had lower pain threshold and tolerance than the normal group. The group with RA was found to be significantly different from the normal group on hypochondriasis and pain tolerance. Using only pain and personality measures, a statistical discriminant function that was developed resulted in a 72% classification accuracy for the 3 groups studied and 85% accuracy when only the 2 clinical groups were considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Behavioral assessment of peripheral nerve function.

Behavioral psychophysical techniques were used to obtain strength-duration curves for the ulnar nerve at both threshold and suprathreshold levels. The functions well match those obtained with electrophysiologic procedures, but overcome many of the difficulities associated with traditional electrodiagnosis. An alternate means of presenting the data provides a parameter, the critical duration, that describes the ability of the stimulated nerve to integrate or summate energy over time. The very brief criticial duration for normal ulnar nerve and the similar functions at threshold and suprathreshold levels suggest possible mechanisms for the transduction and coding of percutaneous electrical stimuli.

Acoustic Stimulation↗