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Biomedical subjects

G Batra

Publications and source records attributed to G Batra.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Size of the pool of alveolar neutrophils in normal rabbit lungs.

Morphometric methods and two unique characteristics of neutrophils enabled us to measure the size of the pool of neutrophils in alveoli of rabbit lungs. Rabbit lungs contained an estimated 6.11 x 10(4) alveolar neutrophils/g wet wt of lungs, and 9.57 x 10(5) alveolar neutrophils/rabbit. Lung lavage was successful in removing an average of 42.2% of the neutrophils in the air containing spaces of the lungs. An average of 2.5 +/- 3.5 (SD)% of the cells in the lung washes were neutrophils, but an average of 10.23 +/- 5.0 (SD)% of the cells that were free in the alveolus were neutrophils. Studies of the interaction of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in vitro showed that neither cell phagocytoses or destroys the other in significant quantities; however, alveolar macrophages containing neutrophils have been observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Collateral ventilation in man.

To determine whether collateral ventilation (defined as the ventilation of alveolar structures through passages or channels that bypass the normal airways) changes with age or emphysema, we compared the mechanics of collateral ventilation in seven young normal subjects, three old normal subjects and five patients with emphysema. In supine normal subjects at the end of a quiet expiration, resistance to airflow was greater through collateral channels than through bronchi and bronchioles. In emphysema, airways resistance could exceed collateral resistance, causing air to flow preferentially through collateral pathways. We conclude that high collateral resistance minimizes collateral airflow in supine normal subjects. When peripheral airways become obstructed or obliterated in emphysema, collateral channels may provide for more even distribution of ventilation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effect of transpulmonary and vascular pressures on rate of pulmonary edema formation.

The effect of transpulmonary pressure (Ptp) on rate of extravascular fluid accumulation in isolated canine left lower lobes perfused at constant vascular pressures was investigated. Changes in rate of extravascular fluid accumulation were estimated by changes in rate of slow weight gain. Mean inflow pressure (Ppa) was constant at 34 cmH2O. Mean outflow pressure (Ppv) was constant at either 27.2 cmH2O or 13.6 cmH2O. When increasing Ptp is associated with a derecruitment of vascular beds as the lung changes from predominantly zone III toward zone II, or zone I, there is a decrease in rate of weight gain. When increasing Ptp is not associated with a derecruitment of vascular beds, it is impossible on the basis of these experiments to predict the change in rate of weight gain.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Airway responses to methacholine in allergic and nonallergic subjects.

After inhalation challenge with methacholine, bronchoconstrictor responses were produced in allergic subjects with asthma and hay fever as well as nonallergic subjects. Our results indicate that allergic persons possess a greater pulmonary responsiveness to inhalation of this parasympathomimetic agent than nonallergic subjects; however, patterns of response were different in the 2 types of allergic subjects, those with asthma and those with hay fever. Whereas both types of allergic subjects responded with changes in specific airway conductance when nonallergic subjects did not, only asthmatic subjects differed from nonallergic subjects when comparisons of spirometry were made. These data suggest that there is hypersensitivity of both central and peripheral airways in asthmatics and in the larger central airways of nonasthmatic allergic subjects.

Adult↗