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Biomedical subjects

G Bauer

Publications and source records attributed to G Bauer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Epstein-Barr virus--significance of and possibilities in laboratory diagnosis].

The clinical symptoms of acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology infection may overlap with those of a variety of other infections and diseases; therefore, a significant EBV serology is of great importance for differential diagnosis. As the serological response after primary EBV infection may be highly variable, it is necessary to determine VCA-IgG, VCA-IgM and anti-EBNA-1 in parallel in all cases, in order to obtain conclusive results. Immunosuppressive disorders or treatment may lead to a specific loss of anti-EBNA-1 and thus mimic the serological situation of acute EBV infection. In these cases, determination of avidity of VCA-IgG may help to solve the problem. We also suggest to determine the EBV status, before the clinical significance of IgM directed against other viruses is being considered. This approach may help to distinguish clinical relevant IgM findings from IgM due to EBV-caused polyclonal stimulation.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1994

Reversal of doxorubicin-impaired wound healing using Triad compound.

Triad is composed of Na pyruvate, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids. We found that Triad, administered orally or topically, reverses wound healing that is impaired by doxorubicin (Doxo) in rats. Rats given Doxo (6 mg/kg IV) were wounded with linear dermal incisions, and the wound-breaking strength (WBS) was compared among groups of rats differently treated with TRIAD. Five groups of five rats each were studied. Triad was given orally using a 20 per cent TRIAD/rat chow mixture and topically as a 50 per cent TRIAD/petroleum base salve administered daily. All groups were wounded at postoperative day 0, at which time Doxo was given to groups II-IV. Group IV was fed oral TRIAD 7 days prior to wounding and until POD 21. All wounds were harvested at POD 21, and the mean WBS of each group was obtained using an Instron Tensiometer. Doxorubicin impaired normal wound healing by 40 per cent. Oral TRIAD restored WBS in Doxo-treated rats to 88 per cent of control values; topical TRIAD restored WBS to 80 per cent of control values. Moreover, treatment with topical TRIAD and oral TRIAD increased the WBS by 30 per cent and 50 per cent when compared with Doxo-only-treated animals. In conclusion, TRIAD has been shown to restore wound healing to nearly normal levels in doxorubicin-impaired wounds.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Reversal of doxorubicin-impaired wound healing using triad compound.

Triad is composed of Na pyruvate, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids. We found that Triad, administered orally or topically, reverses wound healing that is impaired by doxorubicin (Doxo) in rats. Rats given Doxo (6 mg/kg i.v.) were wounded with linear dermal incisions, and the wound-breaking strength (WBS) was compared among groups of rats differently treated with Triad. Five groups of five rats each were studied. Triad was given orally using a 20 per cent Triad/rat chow mixture and topically as a 50 per cent Triad/petroleum base salve administered daily. All groups were wounded at postoperative day 0, at which time Doxo was given to groups II-IV. Group IV was fed oral Triad 7 days prior to wounding and until POD 21. All wounds were harvested at POD 21, and the mean WBS of each group was obtained using an Instron Tensiometer. Doxorubicin impaired normal wound healing by 40 per cent. Oral Triad restored WBS in Doxo-treated rats to 88 per cent of control values; topical Triad restored WBS to 80 per cent of control values. Moreover, treatment with topical Triad and oral Triad increased the WBS by 30 per cent and 50 per cent when compared with Doxo-only-treated animals. In conclusion, Triad has been shown to restore wound healing to nearly normal levels in doxorubicin-impaired wounds.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1993

Zonisamide for add-on treatment of refractory partial epilepsy: a European double-blind trial.

The new antiepileptic drug zonisamide was evaluated in a European multicenter parallel-group double-blind trial as add-on treatment for 139 patients with refractory partial epilepsy. During treatment with zonisamide complex partial seizures decreased by 27.7% compared to placebo (P < 0.05) and the median rate dropped from 12/month to 7.1/month with no changes in the placebo group (P < 0.007). During the 12-week double-blind phase a 50% reduction of all seizures was recorded in 29.9% of the patients treated with zonisamide vs. 9.4% during placebo. Complete remission was observed during treatment with zonisamide in 6.2%. The plasma concentrations of the concomitant antiepileptic drugs did not change markedly when zonisamide was added. Adverse events, mostly fatigue, somnolence, dizziness and ataxia, occurred in 59.2% of the patients compared to 27.9% during placebo. Zonisamide was withdrawn in two patients due to adverse events. Kidney stones were not observed nor any relevant clinical chemistry or hematological changes. Zonisamide is an effective antiepileptic drug for add-on treatment of refractory partial epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The CT classification of intra-articular calcaneus fractures].

93 patients with 102 intraarticular calcaneus fractures (ICF) were examined by CT from 1986 to 1992. The images were evaluated with the use of a modified classification based on the number of fractured heel bone facets (2 facets in 4.8%, 3 facets in 53.9%, 4 facets in 32.3%, comminution in 8.8% of the fractures), the involvement of the calcaneus-cuboid joint (60.8%) and the fracture mechanism (tongue-type in 28.4%, joint depression in 62.7%) with the weight-bearing calcaneal compartments taken into special consideration. In that way, each intraarticular calcaneus fracture could be scored, enabling a fast diagnosis comprising factors relevant for the therapy and prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Successful treatment of spinal sarcoidosis by high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone.

A man with known pulmonary sarcoidosis presented with paraplegia and a rod-shaped increase in T2 signal intensity in his cervical and upper thoracic spine. Initial treatment efforts using oral doses of 40 mg of methyl-prednisolone were futile, but intravenous bolus therapy (500 mg of methyl-prednisolone daily for 1 week) led to long-lasting improvement of his neurological status and to normalization of MRI findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Analysis of morphology and gait function after intraarticular calcaneal fracture.

Open reduction and internal fixation is suggested by an increasing number of investigators as preferable treatment of displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures. Assuming that quasianatomical reduction coincides with adequate function, many surgeons rely on morphological parameters (standard radiography, computed tomography) to demonstrate the effectiveness of surgery by achieving an optimum restoration of calcaneal geometry and joint surfaces. In order to correlate morphologic parameters and functional assessment, a prospective study was performed on 45 patients after surgical treatment of intraarticular calcaneal fractures using standard radiographic and computed tomographic scores, clinical evaluation, and gait analysis (dynamic pedography). Mean follow-up time after reconstruction was 23 months (range 18-50). Although clinical evaluation and assessment of gait function corresponded well with each other, radiographic scores showed a poor to moderate correlation with functional evaluation (r = 0.29-0.62); this was probably due to the missing analysis of soft tissue parameters. The comparison of clinical results and gait parameters with the individual radiographical parameters allowed us to identify those factors, with the greatest influence seen on the functional prognosis (i.e., calcaneal width, arthrosis in the neighboring joints). Morphologic analysis after calcaneal reconstruction based on radiographic techniques cannot predict subsequent function or substitute for functional assessment. However, it does allow for practical conclusions for surgical strategy in primary osseous reconstruction or secondary corrections.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Preclinical evaluation of antiviral activity and toxicity of Abbott A77003, an inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease.

A synthetic, symmetry-based inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease, A77003, was evaluated for antiviral activity and cytotoxicity in vitro in human peripheral blood lymphocytes or cell lines H9, CEM, and U937. Toxicity and antiviral activity of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor were compared with those of the reverse transcriptase inhibitors zidovudine and 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine and human recombinant alpha and beta interferons. Production of infectious virus particles, cell-free p24 antigen, and cell-associated viral proteins was reduced 50% by the HIV-1 protease inhibitor at concentrations of 0.12 to 0.26 microM (50% effective concentration [EC50]) in acute infection and 0.2 to 1.7 microM (EC50) in persistent infection. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of U937 cells persistently infected with HIVIIIB using a monoclonal antibody to HIV also showed a reduction of cell-associated viral protein in A77003-treated cells. Furthermore, toxicity of A77003 assessed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was not observed at greater than 100 times the EC50. A77003 was more effective in persistent HIV-1 infection than alpha and beta interferons (1,000 U/ml), while zidovudine and 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine were not active.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1993

[Post-traumatic leg length inequality after conservative and surgical therapy of pediatric femoral shaft fractures].

Between 1986 and 1991, 120 femoral fractures were treated in 116 children. The treatment of choice was conservative in young patients (overhead traction in 1- to 3-year-old children. Weber traction in 3- to 8-year-old children). Operative treatment was indicated in older children: plate fixation was performed in children between 5 and 16 years of age, while external fixation was used in children aged 2-14 years. In a retrospective study 66 femoral fractures in 62 children were reviewed and limb length checked both clinically and by ultrasound measurement. For ultrasound evaluation a special device was constructed to provide standardized measuring conditions. In 27 cases we observed specific complications related to the method. In all cases fracture healing occurred, but in 7 cases it was necessary to change the method of treatment. Ultrasound measurement revealed mean limb lengthening of 5.5 mm after overhead traction (max. 11 mm) and of 7 mm (max. 25 mm) after Weber traction. The median difference in leg length after operative treatment was 5.5 mm (max. 15 mm) for plate fixation and 8.5 mm (max. 25 mm) for external fixation. Our results allow no definitive statement on the most suitable treatment for femoral fractures in children (conservative versus operative treatment), except that children under 3 years of age are best treated by overhead traction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Impaired gait after base fractures of the 5th metatarsal bone].

Between 1982 and 1990, twenty fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal were treated operatively and followed up for a mean of 4.5 years (range: 1-9 years). All patients were evaluated clinically, roentgenographically and with kinetic gait analysis. A scoring system was used to record and evaluate the clinical and radiological data. Nine patients had an excellent result and nine a good result; one patient had a fair and one a poor result. Examination by kinetic gait analysis showed a gait asymmetry in eleven of the twenty patients, with decreased load on the formerly injured areas of the involved foot and increased load on the corresponding areas of the contralateral foot. However, only three patients had a clinically visible gait disorder. We believe that the gait disorder described is an automatically adopted movement pattern. Its cause lies in the initial pain after the trauma and during the postoperative care and sometimes continues even after the cessation of pain. Kinetic gait analysis allows quantification of asymmetry of gait and clinically non-visible load disorder. Therefore, pain and established gait asymmetry are clinically relevant in such patients because they can be treated specifically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Cerebellar atrophy and phenytoin poisoning. An MR study].

Phenytoin has been considered a possible cause of cerebellar degeneration, especially after clinical intoxication. Magnetic resonance provides the diagnosis of anatomical structures in the posterior fossa without the limitation of beam hardening artefacts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of phenytoin medication and cerebellar atrophy in 11 patients with increased serum levels (21.4 micrograms/ml-95.6 micrograms/ml). Five patients had normal cerebellar structures, although three of them had a history of clinical intoxication and all had at least one episode of increased serum level of DPH. The remaining six patients had moderate severe cerebellar atrophy (n = 4) and atrophy of the vermis cerebelli (n = 5). Two of them had never experienced clinical intoxication. There was no correlation between the degree of atrophy and severity of clinical symptoms and evaluation of serum DPH levels (up to four times normal values). There was also no correlation between cerebellar atrophy, duration of epilepsy and frequency of seizures. We conclude that phenytoin overdosage does not necessarily result in cerebellar atrophy and it is unlikely that phenytoin medication was the only cause of cerebellar atrophy in the remaining patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Transformation of rodent fibroblasts by herpes simplex virus: presence of morphological transforming region 1 (MTR 1) is not required for the maintenance of the transformed state.

Studies on the mechanisms of transformation of mammalian cells by herpes simplex virus (HSV) in vitro have been prevented so far by the extremely low transformation frequencies obtained in monolayer culture. Here we present a transformation system that relies on the direct seeding in soft agar of infected single cells, thus avoiding negative interactions between normal and transformed cells. We took advantage of HSV-I temperature-sensitive mutants at the UL9 locus, which codes for a DNA-binding protein necessary for viral DNA replication. At the non-permissive temperature, viral DNA synthesis and late gene expression are prevented. Viral gene expression is restricted to immediate early and early genes. Induction of transformation was highly efficient in our one-step transformation system. It depended on intact viral particles and viral DNA. Immediate early and/or early viral gene expression was sufficient to induce transformation. Colonies were stably transformed and did not show any rescue of viable virus after temperature downshift and co-cultivation with susceptible cells. Transformed cells maintained the transformed state in the absence of viral DNA. Our data therefore support the "hit-and-run" hypothesis for the transforming effect of HSV.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Reactivity to TGF-beta is one step towards transformation in a murine fibroblast cell line.

High doses of TGF-beta induce reactivity to TGF-beta in a distinct number of C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts suspended in soft agar. Reactive cells can be isolated and stably maintain this property. In the absence of exogenously added TGF-beta, these cells do not form colonies, but show distinct changes in their morphology and cytoskeleton. In contrast to normal C3H10T1/2 cells, they are able to form colonies when low doses of TGF-beta are added. TGF-beta-reactive cells are more easily transformed by UV light than normal C3H10T1/2 cells, and so maintain their transformed phenotype in the absence of added TGF-beta. Reactivity for TGF-beta, therefore, represents one step towards transformation.

Animals↗