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Biomedical subjects

G Benoît

Publications and source records attributed to G Benoît.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Cancer of the kidney, prognostic value of nuclear grading for the early diagnosis of metastasis].

OBJECTIVES: Since immunotherapy or surgery can sometimes lead to remission of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, it is important to recognize factors predicting metastasis. We therefore evaluated the usefulness of nuclear grading in predicting metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 95 patients (69 males, 26 females; mean age 63.9 years) who successively underwent surgical exeresis of a renal cell carcinoma. The TNM classification was established on the basis of preoperative work-up (thoraco-abdominal computed tomography, bone scintigraphy) and pathology examination of the surgical specimen. Nuclear grading was performed by a pathologist who was unaware of the histology results. Outcome was evaluated on the basis of physical examination and computed tomography results 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: There were 34 cases of clear cell carcinoma, 10 granulosus tumours, 2 oncocyte tumours and 16 renal cell carcinomas of undetermined type. Mean tumour diameter was 70.3 +/- 37.8 cm. Tumour classification gave (< 5 cm, n = 23; > 5 cm, n = 26; local invasion, n = 28; invasion of neighbouring organs, n = 2). Metastases had been identified in 11 patients before surgery. Nuclear grading according to the Führman scale gave F1 (n = 3), F2 (n = 28), F3 (n = 34) and F4 (n = 24). Tumour size and the TNM classification were correlated with the observed nuclear grading scores. Within one year of surgery, metastasis was observed in 6 patients whose Führman grades were F3 (n = 1) and F4 (n = 5). Metastasis occurred in 26% of the patients with a Führman grade 4. CONCLUSION: Nuclear grading can be used to identify patients who should be closely followed after surgical removal of renal cell carcinoma in order to improve early diagnose of metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Acute pyelonephritis in women. Short-term hospitalization].

One-hundred women suffering from acute pyelonephritis were hospitalized for less than 4 days on average, in order to make a diagnosis based on bacteriology and computerized tomography (CT) and to bring fever down with a 21-day antibiotic therapy. In cases of acute pyelonephritis due to a urinary tract obstacle, endoscopic uereteral drainage was added to the antibiotic treatment. In the absence of obstacle, medical treatment was sufficient to obtain apyrexia. Fluoroquinolone therapy made it possible to reduce the hospital stay to 2 or 3 days, depending on whether the lesions observed at CT were triangular or round.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Emergency treatment of calculi of the lower ureter].

Two-hundred patients were hospitalized as an emergency for lower ureteral calculi. Eighty-two of these patients has a less than 6 mm wide calculus which was evacuated by medical treatment; 5 had stagnant infected urine which was drained by endoprosthesis; 113 had an obstructive calculus which resisted medical treatment and was treated by ureteroscopy: the stone could be removed by means of a basket catheter in 58 cases, but this method failed in the other cases and the calculus has to be broken by laser. There were 6 failures due to the nature of the stone (monohydrated oxalate) in 3 cases and to technical laser problems in 3 cases. The success rate of ureteroscopy (basket catheter or laser) was 95 percent in patients whose pain had persisted under medical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis of lymphatic metastases in pelvic urologic tumors. Value of puncture biopsy].

In 119 patients with pelvic urogenital tumours the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis was made by lymphography-guided fine needle biopsy. The results of this technique, performed without anaesthesia and devoid of morbidity, could be interpreted in 88 percent of the cases. In the search for micro- and macroscopically invaded lymph nodes fine needle biopsy had a sensitivity of 66 percent, a specificity of 100 percent, a positive predictive value of 100 percent and a negative predictive value of 92.3 percent. In cases with macroscopically invaded nodes its sensitivity was 82.3 percent.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Selective attention in major depression: clinical retardation and cognitive inhibition].

Relationships between clinical retardation (measured by the Hamilton Depression Inventory) and selective attention (measured with a computerized version of the Stroop word colour test) were studied in a population of 21 depressed patients. Stroop interference was higher in depressed patients than in normals. Desynchronized presentations of the distractor and the target and intervals between responses and succeeding stimuli permitted depressed subjects to respectively apply and lift inhibition of the distractor so that their interference was reduced to control levels. Finally, successive inhibition scores were correlated with the retardation score in depressed subjects. The results are consistent with the hypothesis of a retardation in the application and the lifting of cognitive inhibition in depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Demonstration of tissue hypoxia due to defective peripheral extraction of oxygen (O2) during brain death].

Adequate oxygenation of potentially transplantable tissues must be maintained in patients in a state of cerebral death. An analysis of the relationship between oxygen consumption and arterial oxygen supply shows that proven tissue hypoxia occurs associated with high lactate in almost all patients in a state of cerebral death, even before haemodynamic parameters (blood pressure, heart rate) reach alarming levels. This tissue hypoxia, which exists even though arterial supply remains high, would suggest that there is a defect in peripheral oxygen extraction during the state of cerebral death. Intensive units should take this into account when maintaining these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Arterial stenosis in the renal graft. Indication for endoluminal dilatation].

One hundred and thirty eight patients with renal transplant artery stenosis were reported in a series of 1200 renal transplants. These cases included 47 patients in whom hypertension was well controlled by means of hypotensive drugs, 39 patients treated by surgical repair (SR) and 49 treated by percutaneous angioplasty (PTA). The long-term success rate was 81.5 percent in the SR group compared with 40.8 percent in the PTA group. PTA morbidity was greater than that of SR, and we believe that after the initial optimism, the results of this technique should be reevaluated according to the anatomical pattern of the renal artery stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Arterial stenosis in the renal graft. Spontaneous evolution in 40 cases].

From January 1976 to June 1989, 138 renal artery stenoses (RAS) occurred in a population of 1,200 renal transplantations in a single center (11.5 percent). An interventional procedure was performed in 89 patients: surgery in 39 and transluminal angioplasty in 50. Six other patients were excluded from the study because of complications and RAS spontaneously disappeared in 3 patients. Finally, 40 patients were treated medically with a mean follow-up of 57.6 months (range 12 to 116 months). In this group, the actuarial graft survival rate did not significantly differ from that of the 2 other groups. One patient only lost his graft from renal artery thrombosis. The mean serum creatinine level at the time of RAS diagnosis (140 +/- 8.6 mumol/l) was not significantly different from the mean serum creatinine level at the last follow-up (146 +/- 14.6 mumol/l). The degree of hypertension, graded on the number of anti-hypertensive drugs, was not different at the time of diagnosis and at the end of follow-up. In conclusion, in our experience, the spontaneous course of RAS does not result in an increased rate of graft failure or impaired long-term renal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Urologic complications in kidney transplantations. Indication for endo-urologic techniques].

We report the incidence of urological complications in a series of 1,200 kidney transplant: 3.8 percent of the patients developed a urinary fistula, due to ureteral necrosis in 48 percent of cases, and 6.5 percent had urinary obstruction. Urinary fistulas are early complications appearing 20 days after the transplantation, while obstructions appear about one year after grafting. These complications are now usually treated by percutaneous and/or endoscopic techniques.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

[Preservation of the bladder in transitional cell tumors infiltrating the lamina propria].

Thirty-two patients with transitional cell cancer of the bladder infiltrating the lamina propria were treated with intravesical BCG. Seventy-five percent of these patients could keep their bladder at the cost of regular BCG treatment and strict endoscopic monitoring. A better evaluation of prognostic criteria, including malignancy grade, total amount of vesical muscle removed during the initial resection and investigation for lymphatic system emboli, should help in a better selection of patients, separating those who might have recurrent infiltrative tumours from those who would benefit from a conservative treatment and offering the former a more aggressive therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Value of the inflammatory reaction after intravesical injection of BCG into the bladder].

55 patients with bladder tumours were treated by intravesical BCG. Histological study of the biopsies performed 9 weeks after the initial treatment revealed an intense inflammatory reaction in 10 cases. This intense inflammatory reaction was more frequent in patients who had never been treated previously and in patients who subsequently relapsed. The interpretation of these results needs to be confirmed by a study of the cell sub-populations which constitute this inflammatory infiltrate.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment of mycotic aneurysms after renal transplantation].

The authors report two cases of aneurysm in renal transplantation: one after removal of the transplant and the other with the transplant in place. In both cases, repair was preceded by excision of the aneurysm and consisted of interposition of an inverted autologous vein graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Neuroanatomical study of micturition].

There are three superimposed centres of micturition: the sacral spinal centre, which is the oldest centre controlled by the pontine centre situated in the brain stem, which in turn is under the control of multiple subconscious structures: cerebellum, striate nucleus, hypothalamus and conscious structures: limbic cortex, frontal ascending and parietal ascending circumduction. The nervous pathways consist of the classical spinal pathways as far as their point of emergence. The innervation involves 2 systems:--a supra-levator system consisting of the essentially sympathetic superior hypogastric plexus and the essentially parasympathetic inferior hypogastric plexus which innervates the seminal tract, the bladder and the prostatic urethra;--a infra-levator system consisting of the internal pudendal nerve which innervates the striated sphincter.

Humans↗